Interprofessional education in geriatric medicine: towards best practice. A controlled before-after study of medical and nursing students.

Objectives: To investigate nursing and medical students' readiness for interprofessional learning before and after implementing geriatric interprofessional education (IPE), based on problem-based learning (PBL) case scenarios. To define the optimal number of geriatric IPE sessions, the size and the ratio of participants from each profession in the learner groups, the outcomes related to the Kirkpatrick four-level typology of learning evaluation, students' concerns about joint learning and impact of geriatric IPE on these concerns. The study looked at the perception of roles and expertise of the 'other' profession in interprofessional teams, and students' choice of topics for future sessions.

The Safer Delivery of Surgical Services Program (S3): Explaining Its Differential Effectiveness and Exploring Implications for Improving Quality in Complex Systems.

Objective: To analyze the challenges encountered during surgical quality improvement interventions, and explain the relative success of different intervention strategies.

Summary Background Data: Understanding why and how interventions work is vital for developing improvement science. The S3 Program of studies tested whether combining interventions addressing culture and system was more likely to result in improvement than either approach alone.