Persistent hypercalcemia after parathyroidectomy in an adolescent and effect of treatment with cinacalcet HCl.

Background: Hyperparathyroidism is uncommon in adolescence and is more likely to persist after parathyroidectomy than in adults. Cinacalcet HCl is a new calcimimetic that has been used successfully for the treatment of primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism in adults, but its use in adolescents has not been reported.

Case: A 16 year-old male presented with hypercalcemia that had persisted for 1.

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 7, a regulator of hormone-dependent estrogen receptor destruction.

Estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) degradation is regulated by ubiquitination, but the signaling pathways that modulate ER alpha turnover are unknown. We found that extracellular signal-regulated kinase 7 (ERK7) preferentially enhances the destruction of ER alpha but not the related androgen receptor. Loss of ERK7 was correlated with breast cancer progression, and all ER alpha-positive breast tumors had decreased ERK7 expression compared to that found in normal breast tissue.