Not all traumas are created equal: Phenotypic heterogeneity of PTSD symptoms in relation to index traumas in U.S. military veterans.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent in military veterans. Although exposure to trauma is subsumed under the diagnostic criteria for PTSD, there is great variability in index traumatic events, and the clinical presentation of PTSD may vary in individuals depending on the type of event experienced. We examined the relationship between different index traumas and PTSD symptoms in 3507 trauma-exposed U.

A prospective study of transdiagnostic psychiatric symptoms associated with burnout and functional difficulties in COVID-19 frontline healthcare workers.

Objective: Frontline healthcare workers (FHCWs) responding to the COVID-19 pandemic develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms. Such symptoms are associated with burnout, occupational and relational difficulties. In the current study, we examined the prospective association between acute transdiagnostic COVID-19-related PTSD, MDD, and GAD symptoms at pandemic outset, and burnout and functional difficulties several months later in FHCWs in New York City.

Binge drinking following residential treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder among veterans with and without alcohol use disorder.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is complicated by high rates of problematic drinking and comorbid alcohol use disorder (AUD). This study examined veterans seeking residential PTSD treatment, comparing those with and without AUD, to determine whether trauma type and/or PTSD symptom changes during treatment were associated with binge drinking at 4-month follow-up. Analyses compared characteristics of veterans (N = 758) in residential treatment, as well as associations of demographic, trauma, and alcohol-related variables, with binge drinking episodes at follow-up.

Moral distress in frontline healthcare workers in the initial epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: Relationship to PTSD symptoms, burnout, and psychosocial functioning.

Introduction: Little is known about the relationship between moral distress and mental health problems. We examined moral distress in 2579 frontline healthcare workers (FHCWs) caring for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients during the height of the spring 2020 pandemic surge in New York City. The goals of the study were to identify common dimensions of COVID-19 moral distress; and to examine the relationship between moral distress, and positive screen for COVID-19-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, burnout, and work and interpersonal functional difficulties.

Psychological Resilience to the Challenges of Physical Aging in Older U.S. Veterans: Results From the 2019-2020 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study.

Objectives: To employ a novel analytic approach to quantify psychological resilience to physical health difficulties and identify factors associated with greater resilience in older U.S. veterans.

Transdiagnostic Psychiatric Symptoms, Burnout, and Functioning in Frontline Health Care Workers Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Symptomics Analysis.

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to an increased risk of psychiatric symptoms among frontline health care workers (FHCWs). In the current study, a novel "symptomics" approach was employed to examine the association between acute transdiagnostic symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and burnout and work and relationship difficulties in FHCWs at an urban tertiary care hospital in New York City.

Methods: Symptoms of COVID-19-related PTSD (4-item PTSD Checklist-5), MDD (Patient Health Questionnaire-8), GAD (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), burnout (Single-Item Mini-Z Burnout Assessment), and functional difficulties (Brief Inventory of Psychosocial Functioning) were assessed.

Polygenic risk for traumatic loss-related PTSD in US military veterans: Protective effect of secure attachment style.

Objectives: To examine whether attachment style moderates the relationship between polygenic risk scores (PRS) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) re-experiencing (PTSD) symptoms and the severity of and positive screen for traumatic loss-related PTSD.

Methods: Data were analysed from 631 US veterans who endorsed 'unexpected death of a loved one' as their 'worst' traumatic event. Multivariable models evaluated the association between PRS for PTSD attachment style, and their interaction in predicting severity and positive screen for PTSD.

Nicotine Dependence in US Military Veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study.

Background: Veterans are a unique population that may be at increased risk of tobacco use disorder and nicotine dependence (ND). We analyzed data from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study (NHRVS), a large nationally representative sample of US veterans, in order to more fully understand the prevalence and correlates of lifetime ND in US Veterans.

Methods: Descriptive statistics were conducted to summarize health and functioning/quality of life characteristics among veterans with and without lifetime ND.

Etiological Pathways to Rejection Sensitivity in a High-Risk Sample.

Rejection sensitivity is associated with social-emotional maladjustment in both childhood and adulthood. However, less is known about the etiology of rejection sensitivity. The present study tests an etiological model for rejection sensitivity using a high-risk sample ( N = 227) with prospective data from infancy (i.

Trajectories of alcohol consumption in U.S. military veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study.

Background And Objectives: While alcohol use disorder is prevalent in U.S. veterans, little is known about the nature and determinants of predominant trajectories of alcohol consumption in this population.

Negative Affect Intensity and Hostility in Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder With or Without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Objective: Negative affect intensity and hostility have both been implicated in alcohol use disorders (AUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) when they occur separately, but neither have been compared or explored among those with comorbid AUD and PTSD. This study is a secondary analysis designed to compare levels of negative affect intensity and hostility among those with AUD to those with comorbid AUD and PTSD.

Methods: Participants (n = 113) were recruited from the placebo-controlled groups of two distinct 12-week clinical trials (NCT00342563 and NCT00744055).

Relationship between substance use and attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help among veterans filing PTSD claims.

Introduction: Veterans in distress often do not seek mental health treatment, even when such services are available. Substance use may further undermine treatment-seeking, given its association with negative treatment views. This study examined attitudes towards seeking psychological help in a sample of veterans diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with and without co-occurring substance use disorders (SUD).

The burden of hostility in U.S. Veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study.

Hostility is associated with substantial mental and physical health consequences. Population-based data regarding the nature and longitudinal course of hostility in U. S.

The burden of alcohol use disorders in US military veterans: results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study.

Aims: To analyze data from a large, contemporary, nationally representative sample of US veterans to evaluate: (1) the prevalence of life-time alcohol use disorder (AUD) and past-year AUD; (2) common psychiatric comorbidities associated with life-time AUD; and (3) correlates of life-time and past-year probable AUD.

Design: Data were analyzed from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study (NHRVS), a web-based survey of a random probability sample of a contemporary, nationally representative sample of US military veterans.

Setting: United States.

The Impact of Infidelity on Combat-Exposed Service Members.

This study examined relationships between combat-exposed Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom veterans' experiences related to infidelity during deployment (i.e., indicating that a partner was unfaithful or reporting concern about potential infidelity) and postdeployment mental health, as well as the role of subsequent stress exposure and social support in these associations.

Alcohol expectancies and evaluations of aggression in alcohol-related intimate-partner verbal and physical aggression.

Objective: Alcohol aggression expectancies have been found to be associated with increases in aggressive behavior. However, research has not consistently examined evaluations of such behavior. This is unfortunate as both expectancies and evaluations may play a role in whether such behavior will occur.