Nosocomial outbreak due to a novel sequence type of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter seifertii.

Background: Acinetobacter seifertii, a member of A baumannii-calcoaceticus complex, can be considered a pathogen of concern due to the presence of resistance genes. The aim of the study was to describe an outbreak of carbapenem-resistant A seifertii among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: All patients with carbapenem-resistant A seifertii diagnosed and admitted to the NICU from June 2023 to October 2023 were included.

The impact of a bundle to prevent hospital-acquired pneumonia in a cohort of nonventilated patients on enteral nutrition.

We conducted a quasi-experimental study to evaluate a bundle to prevent nonventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia (NV-HAP) in patients on enteral tube feeding. After the intervention, there was an increase in bundle compliance from 55.9% to 70.

Accuracy of tracheal aspirate gram stain in predicting Staphylococcus aureus infection in ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Background: The Gram stain can be used to direct initial empiric antimicrobial therapy when complete culture is not available. This rapid test could prevent the initiation of inappropriate therapy and adverse outcomes. However, several studies have attempted to determine the value of the Gram stain in the diagnosis and therapy of bacterial infection in different populations of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) with conflicting results.

Changes in hand hygiene compliance after a multimodal intervention and seasonality variation.

Background: Hand hygiene is the most important measure to reduce health care-related infections and colonization with multiresistant micro-organisms. We sought to determine the rate and seasonality of handwashing compliance in a university-affiliated hospital.

Methods: In January 2006 (baseline period), handwashing observation was first made in an intensive care unit.

Hand hygiene, and not ertapenem use, contributed to reduction of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa rates.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of ertapenem use in Pseudomonas aeruginosa carbapenem resistance, taking into account the volume of antimicrobial consumption, the consumption by the entire hospital of alcohol-based antiseptic hand rub, and the density rate of invasive practices.

Design: Before-and-after trial.

Setting: A tertiary care university hospital in southern Brazil.