Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate and identify which sociodemographic factors may be associated with breastfeeding intention and breastfeeding self-efficacy among pregnant women.
Methods: Pregnant women at a medical center in Alabama completed a cross-sectional survey. The Prenatal Rating of Efficacy in Preparation to Breastfeed Scale (PREP to BF) was used to assess prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Objective: When breast-feeding is not possible, commercially made human milk substitute is recommended. Some consumers would prefer to make their own homemade infant formula (HIF) and may seek information on this practice from internet sources. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the content of blogs posting HIF recipes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Current guidelines advise against using enteral nutrition (EN) support for patients with advanced dementia (AD) because of negative outcomes. However, research suggests that some registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) in acute-care settings still recommend EN for this patient population. The purpose of this study was to identify workplace characteristics that influence the EN recommendations of acute-care RDNs who care for patients with AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Current guidelines discourage tube-feeding older adults with advanced dementia (AD), as this practice does not improve nutrition status or survival and decreases quality of life in these patients. Because registered dietitians (RDs) often provide feeding recommendations for patients with AD, this study aimed to identify factors that influenced RDs' feeding tube recommendations for older adults with AD.
Methods: A random sample of RDs who work with older adults in the United States completed a validated, electronic survey.
Registered Dietitians (RDs) should participate in interdisciplinary feeding discussions for patients with advanced dementia, but research on how RDs make such feeding recommendations is scarce. This study developed and validated a theory-based questionnaire to assess the knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes of RDs regarding feeding tube use among older adults with advanced dementia. The instrument was drafted based on the Social Ecological Model, and face and content validity were established through an expert panel review.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground:: Breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding intention are two modifiable factors that influence rates of breastfeeding initiation.
Research Aims:: (1) To develop a scale to measure prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy, and (2) test its psychometric properties by determining the internal consistency and reliability, and (3) assess the relationships between prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding intention.
Methods:: Cross-sectional prospective one-group survey design was used.
J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr
November 2017
Dementia is a progressive, debilitating disease that often results in weight loss, malnutrition, and dehydration. Feeding tubes are often prescribed; however, this practice can lead to complications. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the use of feeding tubes in elderly demented patients from a social ecological perspective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To explore predictors of intention of college students to use calorie labels on fast-food menus and differences in calories ordered after viewing calorie information.
Design: Quasi-experimental design. Participants selected a meal from a menu without calorie labels, selected a meal from the same menu with calorie labels, and completed a survey that assessed demographics, dietary habits, Theory of Planned Behavior constructs, and potential barriers to use of calorie labeling.
Objective: National data consistently report that males participate in leisure time physical activity (LTPA) at higher rates than females. This study expanded previous research to examine gender differences in LTPA of college students using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) by including 2 additional constructs, descriptive norm and self-efficacy, from the integrated behavioral model.
Participants: Participants were college students (N = 621) from a large public university in the southeastern United States.
Background: African American women report low levels of physical activity (PA) and are disproportionately burdened by related chronic diseases. This pilot study tested a 6-month theory-based (Social Cognitive Theory, SCT) culturally-relevant website intervention to promote PA among African American female college students.
Materials And Methods: A single group pre-post test design (n=34) was used.
Rationale: Many Americans have replaced home-cooked meals with fast food and restaurants meals. This contributes to increased incidences of overweight and obesity. Implementing policies that require restaurants to disclose nutrition information has the potential to improve nutrition knowledge and food behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBone densitometry is an effective screening tool for osteoporosis; however, problems may exist when patients present with high variability between readings at different sites. The purpose of this study was to compare bone mineral density measures of the femur, spine and whole body using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. While correlations between anatomic regions were high, substantial variability existed for participants which presents the potential for misdiagnosis and confusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper provides a discussion of environmental strategies to improve health behaviors of nurses. Behavioral choices, partly due to social and environmental factors, influence risk of chronic disease. Strategies that modify environments are critical components of public health interventions, particularly those concerned with improving diet and physical activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The suitability, readability, and cultural appropriateness of written supplemental materials available on the Internet for nonprescription medications were examined.
Methods: We videotaped 48 hours of television programming, recording a total of 152 advertisements highlighting 37 unique nonprescription medications. The supplemental materials corresponding to each advertised medication were downloaded and printed in their entirety from each product-specific Web site.
Background: Many women are unaware of risk factors for and consequences of osteoporosis. Hence, patient education is an essential step in preventing and managing osteoporosis. Unfortunately, numerous studies have demonstrated a mismatch between the reading difficulty of typical patient education materials and the reading ability of many American adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study investigated which factors predict the likelihood of densitometry technologists counseling their patients about osteoporosis prevention.
Method: Predictors of osteoporosis prevention patient education by bone densitometry technologists were analyzed in a sample of 417 radiologic technologists with ARRT advanced certification in bone densitometry and 158 densitometry technologists, none of whom were ARRT certified in bone densitometry.
Results: The regression model accounted for 41% of the variation in reports of bone health counseling.
The objective of this study was to estimate the relative frequency, types of injury, types of exercise, and mechanism of non-equipment exercise-related injury among women 65 and older. Methods included a descriptive analysis of emergency department (ED) visits to hospitals participating in the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS). Researchers identified 851 exercise-related injuries to women 65 and older.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow bone mineral density (BMD) has been determined as an independent factor of osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to assess physical activity's effect on BMD in college-aged women. Bone density measurements were obtained.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To investigate the risk factors for osteoporosis among a sample of middle-aged women.
Methods: Adipose tissue and bone mineral density levels at the left femur, lumbar spine, and total body were assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Subjects (n=342) were surveyed regarding a variety of osteoporosis-related risk factors.
Objective: While African-American women tend to have greater bone mineral density (BMD) than caucasian women, they are still at risk of developing osteoporosis later in life. Clinical decision rules (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in behaviors and behavioral intentions that occurred among 342 middle-age women (M age 49.5 yr.) after participating in an Osteoporosis Prevention Program.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsteoporosis has affected more than 20 million American, women, completely altering their way of life. Osteoporosis is highly preventable if steps are taken to build healthy bone; however, many college students do not have lifestyle habits that have a positive effect on their bones. For this study, a questionnaire was used to investigate childhood dairy consumption, high school sport participation, dieting behaviors, eating behaviors and bone mineral density levels of college women at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study assessed physicians' familiarity with a practice guideline for bronchiolitis, evaluated attitudes regarding guidelines, determined preference of educational materials for guideline accessibility and examined the relationship between guideline familiarity and attitudes with clinical practice behaviors. Six months following guideline implementation, surveys were distributed to eligible physicians. The response rate was 68%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine the influence of type of physical activity on bone mineral density among older U.S. women.
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