Diagnosing cervical biopsies in adolescents: the use of p16 immunohistochemistry to improve reliability and reproducibility.

Objective: To increase the specificity in diagnosing cervical biopsies in adolescents, we evaluated the use of p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) as an adjuvant test in addition to hematoxylin and eosin (H&E).

Materials And Methods: One hundred cervical histological tissues from adolescents were stained with routine H&E and monoclonal p16 (clone E6H4; dilution, 1:25; Dako). One gynecologic pathologist and 3 pediatric pathologists independently reviewed the cases, rendered diagnoses first by using H&E alone, and then added p16 IHC as an adjuvant marker.

Human Papillomavirus DNA and P16INK4A are not detected in renal tumors with immunohistochemistry and signal-amplified in situ hybridization in paraffin-embedded tissue.

The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and carcinogenesis has long been established in literature, with the strongest evidence for its role in cervical carcinoma. The role of HPV in urological tumors has been investigated and sporadic reports have linked HPV infection to bladder, prostate, renal, penile, and testicular cancer. Although less rigorously studied, there are a few conflicting results about the role of HPV in the development of malignant renal tumors.

eRFA: excision followed by RFA-a new technique to improve local control in breast cancer.

Introduction: Excision followed by RFA (eRFA) may allow improved cosmesis while ensuring negative margins in patients with breast cancer. This technique utilizes heat to create an additional tumor-free zone around the lumpectomy cavity. We hypothesized that eRFA will decrease the need for re-excision of inadequate margins.

Sezary syndrome: cutaneous immunoperoxidase double-labeling technique demonstrates CD4/CD8 ratio non-specificity.

Background: Sezary syndrome (SS) is an erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with a leukemic component. Biopsies from these patients may suggest erythrodermic mycosis fungoides or SS but most often are not diagnostic. Additional methods are therefore usually needed to diagnose SS.

h-Caldesmon as a specific marker of smooth muscle cell differentiation in some soft tissue tumors of the skin.

Background: An existing problem in contemporary pathology is the classification and distinction of spindle cell soft tissue tumors of the skin. Markers such as alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and desmin, considered specific for smooth muscle cell (SMC), have been shown to be expressed in a variety of fibroblastic and myofibroblastic processes. High-molecular-weight caldesmon (h-caldesmon), one of two isoforms, is reported to be expressed exclusively by SMC and has recently been shown to be a specific marker of SMC tumors.