Dual use of cigarettes and electronic nicotine delivery systems during pregnancy and the risk of small for gestational age neonates.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of cigarette smoking and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use during pregnancy on small for gestational age (SGA).

Methods: We used data from the 2016-2017 Arkansas Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, estimated the risk ratio (RR) for SGA for maternal prenatal cigarette smoking-only use, cigarette smoking, and ENDS use (i.e.

Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma in Taiwanese men: positive associations due to selection bias.

The factors associated with an increase in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma are poorly understood. Environmental factors such as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and diet have been hypothesized to play a role in the recently increased risk of this disease, but additional studies are needed.

A randomized clinical trial to determine the efficacy of regimens containing clarithromycin, metronidazole, and amoxicillin among histologic subgroups for Helicobacter pylori eradication in a developing country.

Background: Most treatments deemed effective for Helicobacter pylori eradication in developed countries are less effective in developing countries. Regimens containing clarithromycin, metronidazole, and amoxicillin seem efficacious despite antibiotic resistance, and may be a viable option in developing countries.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated the efficacy of a 14-day regimen with 500 mg clarithromycin b.