United States Pooled Cohort Cardiovascular Disease Risk Scores in Adults With Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: There is significant heterogeneity in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop risk scores for total CVD and its components from a contemporary pooled, observational cohort of U.S.

The impact of yoga in medically underserved populations: A mixed-methods study.

Objectives: We evaluated the acceptability, access, and impact of yoga among participants in yoga classes co-located in community health centers.

Design: Participants were invited to complete a mixed-methods program evaluation consisting of a pre/post survey at their first class and structured interviews at 4 months.

Setting: The study took place at two community health centers on the South Side of Chicago, IL, USA.

Cigarette Smoking and Subclinical Peripheral Arterial Disease in Blacks of the Jackson Heart Study.

Background Prevalence of peripheral artery disease ( PAD ) is significantly higher among blacks as compared with non-Hispanic whites, but the role of cigarette smoking in PAD is understudied in blacks. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between cigarette smoking and PAD in blacks in the (JHS) Jackson Heart Study. Methods and Results JHS participants (n=5306) were classified by self-reported baseline smoking status into current, past (smoked at least 400 cigarettes/life), or never smokers.

Correction to: Goal-Striving Stress is Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease Among Participants in the Jackson Heart Study.

Please note the following correction in the Methods section of this article: The definition for goal-striving stress in the Jackson Heart Study included achievement defined as "where one was in life 10 years ago," using a 10-point scale.

Goal-Striving Stress Is Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease Among Participants in the Jackson Heart Study.

Objective: Research that assesses the relationship between psychosocial factors and chronic kidney disease (CKD) among African Americans (AAs) is limited. Using the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) cohort data, we investigated the association of goal-striving stress (GSS)-the stress experienced from not reaching goals-with prevalent CKD among AAs.

Design: This was a cross-sectional analysis of JHS exam 1 data that assessed the relationship between GSS and CKD.

Cigarette Smoking and Incident Heart Failure: Insights From the Jackson Heart Study.

Background: Cigarette smoking has been linked with several factors associated with cardiac dysfunction. We hypothesized that cigarette smoking is associated with left ventricular (LV) structure and function, and incident heart failure (HF) hospitalization.

Methods: We investigated 4129 (never smoker n=2884, current smoker n=503, and former smoker n=742) black participants (mean age, 54 years; 63% women) without a history of HF or coronary heart disease at baseline in the Jackson Heart Study.

High-Intensity Cigarette Smoking Is Associated With Incident Diabetes Mellitus In Black Adults: The Jackson Heart Study.

Background: Previous reports on whether smoking is associated with insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus have yielded inconsistent findings. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between cigarette smoking and incident diabetes mellitus in the Jackson Heart Study.

Methods And Results: Jackson Heart Study participants enrolled at baseline without prevalent diabetes mellitus (n=2991) were classified by self-report as current smokers, past smokers (smoked ≥400 cigarettes/life and no longer smoking), or never smokers.

Verification of Neonatal Tetanus Surveillance Systems in Katsina State, Nigeria.

Background: The incidence and mortality rates of neonatal tetanus (NNT) remain underreported in Nigeria. The goal of the study was to compare the NNT prevalence and the mortality rates from the existing surveillance system and active surveillance of health facility records in 7 selected health facilities from 2010 to 2014 in Katsina State, Nigeria.

Methods: The study is a retrospective record review using extracted data from NNT records and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Predictors of Neonatal Tetanus Mortality in Katsina State, Northwestern Nigeria.

Background: The mortality rate of neonatal tetanus (NNT) remains high in Nigeria. The study was guided by Mosley and Chen's model for the elements of child survival in developing countries. The goal of the study was to assess the associations between selected NNT risk factors, number of maternal tetanus toxoid injections, frequency of antenatal visits, place of delivery, and cord care with neonatal mortality as the outcome variable.

Pre-pregnancy and Early Prenatal Care are Associated with Lower Risk of Ectopic Pregnancy Complications in the Medicaid Population: 2004-08.

Background: Ectopic pregnancy causes significant maternal morbidity and mortality. Complications are more common among women with Medicaid or no insurance compared to those with private insurance. It is unknown whether preventive care prior to pregnancy and prenatal care, which are covered by Medicaid, would decrease complications if they were more fully utilised.

Ectopic pregnancy rates and racial disparities in the Medicaid population, 2004-2008.

Objective: To assess 2004-2008 ectopic pregnancy rates among Medicaid recipients in 14 states and 2000-2008 time trends in three states and to identify differences in rate by race/ethnicity.

Design: Secondary analysis of Medicaid administrative claims data.

Setting: Not applicable.

Ectopic pregnancy rates in the Medicaid population.

Objective: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention last estimated a national ectopic pregnancy rate in 1992, when it was 1.97% of all reported pregnancies. Since then rates have been reported among privately insured women and regional health care provider populations, ranging from 1.

The relationship between gamma-glutamyl transferase levels and chronic kidney disease among Appalachian adults.

Background: Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), a marker of oxidative stress has been associated with diabetes and hypertension, which are risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is unclear whether serum GGT is independently associated with CKD.

Methods: We analyzed data from a population-based study of Appalachian adults residing in six communities in Ohio and West Virginia, who were aged > or = 18 years (n = 55,187, 52% women).

The relationship between serum uric acid and chronic kidney disease among Appalachian adults.

Background: Higher serum uric acid (SUA) levels have been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease. SUA levels are also associated with hypertension, a strong risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is unclear whether SUA is independently associated with CKD.

Geographic and temporal comparisons of ATV deaths in West Virginia, 2000-2008.

During the 9-year period from 2000-2008, West Virginia experienced 301 deaths related to All-terrain Vehicles (ATVs). The distribution of ATV deaths across the top 20 counties in West Virginia accounted for nearly seventy percent of the ATV-related deaths during the 9-year study period. Time-of-day was a significant predictor of population-based rates, and a 34% decrease in the fatality rate from 2.