Is There any Link between Madelung Disease and Ischemic Stroke? A Case Report.

A 70-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department with left hemiparesis, slurred speech, and elevated blood pressure. A brain computed tomography scan revealed an ischemic lesion in the right frontal and parietal lobes. At clinical examination bilateral pseudo gynecomastia was detected together with the presence of multiple elastic, adipose bulging masses on the neck, trunk, and upper limbs.

Automatic Optic Nerve Measurement: A New Tool to Standardize Optic Nerve Assessment in Ultrasound B-Mode Images.

Transorbital sonography provides reliable information about the estimation of intra-cranial pressure by measuring the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), whereas the optic nerve (ON) diameter (OND) may reveal ON atrophy in patients with multiple sclerosis. Here, an AUTomatic Optic Nerve MeAsurement (AUTONoMA) system for OND and ONSD assessment in ultrasound B-mode images based on deformable models is presented. The automated measurements were compared with manual ones obtained by two operators, with no significant differences.

Ultrasonography Monitoring of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter and Retinal Vessels in Patients with Cerebral Hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and Doppler indices of central retinal arteries and veins for the detection of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and of the usefulness of a second assessment of these variables in the monitoring of ICH.

Methods: A total of 46 acute ICH patients with (group 1, n = 25) and without (group 2, n = 21) clinical and radiological computed tomography signs of raised ICP and 40 healthy controls were recruited. The median binocular ONSD and Doppler indices of retinal vessels including resistive index (RI) and retinal venous pulsation (RVP) were compared among groups, both at admission and later during ICH monitoring.

Longitudinal Assessment of Transorbital Sonography, Visual Acuity, and Biomarkers for Inflammation and Axonal Injury in Optic Neuritis.

Background And Objective: To investigate the relationship between optic nerve sheath diameter, optic nerve diameter, visual acuity and osteopontin, and neurofilament heavy chain in patients with acute optic neuritis.

Patients And Methods: Sonographic and visual acuity assessment and biomarker measurements were executed in 23 patients with unilateral optic neuritis and in 19 sex- and age-matched healthy controls.

Results: ONSD was thicker on the affected side at symptom onset (median 6.

Can neuroimaging differentiate PFO and AF-related cardioembolic stroke from the other embolic sources? Clinical-radiological correlation on a retrospective study.

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to map the specific ischemic lesion patterns of distribution in patent foramen ovale-related stroke (PFO-stroke) and atrial fibrillation-related stroke (AF-stroke) in patients with idiopatic ischemic stroke.

Materials And Methods: 750 ischaemic strokes were screened on basis of diagnostic imaging and tests: patients with known causes were excluded. 171 patients with unknown cause were selected and divided in two groups: AF-stroke (43 patients) and PFO-stroke (128 patients).

Transorbital Sonography and Visual Outcome for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Optic Neuritis.

Background And Purpose: Transorbital sonography (TOS) is a promising tool to support the clinical diagnosis of optic neuritis (ON) by showing thickening of optic nerve. In this study, we aimed to define its specific role in follow-up of ON patients.

Methods: We measured ultrasonography parameters and visual acuity (VA) at presentation and after 1 year in 45 patients with newly diagnosed ON.

Feasibility and usefulness of ultrasonography in idiopathic intracranial hypertension or secondary intracranial hypertension.

Background: Transorbital sonography (TOS) has been proven to be able to non-invasively detect elevated intracranial pressure. In this condition TOS shows an increase in optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD). It has been suggested that internal jugular vein valve insufficiency (IJVVI) may represent a factor contributing to the pathogenesis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).

Intra- and interobserver reliability of transorbital sonographic assessment of the optic nerve sheath diameter and optic nerve diameter in healthy adults.

Purpose: Transorbital optic nerve sonography (TOS) can measure the optic nerve inclusive the sheath diameter (ONSD) and the optic nerve diameter (OND), which are useful parameters in the diagnosis of several neurological disorders. Data on the reproducibility of TOS are, however, required to use B-mode sonography for clinical purposes. The aim of this study was to assess intra- and interobserver reliability of ultrasound-based evaluations of both OND and ONSD in healthy subjects.

B-mode transorbital ultrasononography for the diagnosis of acute optic neuritis. A systematic review.

Objective: In patients with acute optic neuritis (AON) transorbital sonography may reveal a thickening of the retrobulbar portion of the optic nerve. Our aim was to systematically review the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography of optic nerve diameter (OND) for assessment of AON.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE (1966-October 2014) was searched to identify studies reporting data on patients with AON (with/without multiple sclerosis) assessed by B-mode transorbital ultrasonography.

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency is not associated with chronic venous disorders: A case-control study.

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) and the presence of a Chronic Venous Disorder (CVD).

Method: We included 55 subjects with CCSVI aged >18 years, and 186 controls without CCSVI. Each subject was evaluated with color Doppler sonography in accordance with Zamboni's five criteria, examined by two neurologists and interviewed with an ad-hoc designed form.

A reliability study of colour-Doppler sonography for the diagnosis of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency shows low inter-rater agreement.

Objective: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has been extremely variable, associated with multiple sclerosis in colour-Doppler sonographic studies. We aimed to evaluate inter-rater agreement in a colour-Doppler sonography venous examination.

Design: Inter-rater agreement study.

Combination between mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width to predict the prevalence and extent of coronary artery disease: results from a large cohort study.

The aim of the current study was to investigate whether the combination between mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) may improve the prognostic information in the prediction of prevalence and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD). We measured MPV and PDW in 2330 consecutive patients undergoing coronary angiography. Significant CAD was defined as stenosis more than 50% in at least one coronary vessel.

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency is not associated with multiple sclerosis and its severity: a blind-verified study.

Background: Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency (CCSVI) has been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) with a risk ranging from as high as two-hundred-fold to a protective effect. However, not all studies were blinded, and the efficacy of blinding was never assessed.

Objective: To evaluate the association of CCSVI with MS in a cross-sectional blinded study and look for any association of CCSVI with the severity of MS.

Optic nerve sonography to monitor treatment efficacy in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a case report.

Objectives: To report values of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and optic disc elevation (ODE) obtained with optic nerve sonography (US) in the diagnosis and monitoring of treatment efficacy in an adult with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).

Methods: Serial measurements of the ONSD and ODE using B mode US were performed in a 45-years-old woman with IIH before and during after treatment with acetazolamide and diet.

Results: At first evaluation US showed a significantly enlarged ONSD (.

Platelet-large cell ratio and the extent of coronary artery disease: results from a large prospective study.

Even though platelet volume has been supposed to be indicator of platelet activation, contrasting results have been reported on its relationship with the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD). No data have been so far reported on Platelet-Large Cell Ratio (P-LCR). Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate whether P-LCR is associated with CAD.

Platelet distribution width and the extent of coronary artery disease: results from a large prospective study.

It has been postulated that large platelets may be an indicator of platelet activation, and thus be related to the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD). Platelet distribution width (PDW) directly measures the variability in platelet size. However, no data has been so far reported on this index and CAD.

Mean platelet volume and the extent of coronary artery disease: results from a large prospective study.

Background: Platelets play a central role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an indicator of platelet activation, and has been demonstrated to be correlated with platelet reactivity. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether mean platelet volume is associated with the extent of coronary artery disease.

The Eligible study: ultrasound assessment in acute ischemic stroke within 3 hours.

Aims Of The Study: to identify with echo color Doppler ultrasound of the supra-aortic vessels and transcranial color-coded duplex sonography (TCCD) various patterns of vessel occlusion within 3 h from stroke onset, to compare each group defined at the admission with clinical findings and outcome, and to study the recanalization process, independent of therapy.

Methods: We enrolled 89 consecutive patients (mean age 68.9 years).