Nonlinear effects in Thomas precession due to the interplay of Lorentz contraction and Thomas-Wigner rotation.

It is demonstrated that the 3-vector [Formula: see text] currently associated to the spin in an inertial frame does not contract, but rather dilates, in the direction of the velocity. The correct vector [Formula: see text] is individuated. The equation of motion for the two vectors is shown to contain two terms, a common linear rotation, identified with Thomas precession, and also a nonlinear rotation depending on the direction of the spin itself.

Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of the 2021 EAN/PNS and 2010 EFNS/PNS diagnostic criteria for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.

Objectives: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of the 2021 European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society (EAN/PNS) diagnostic criteria for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) with those of the 2010 European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society (EFNS/PNS).

Methods: Sensitivity and specificity of the two sets of criteria were evaluated in 330 patients with CIDP and 166 axonal peripheral neuropathy controls. Comparison of the utility of nerve conduction studies with different number of nerves examined and of the sensitivity and specificity of the two criteria in typical CIDP and its variants were assessed.

A systematic review of paediatric neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction guidelines using the Appraisal of Guidelines and Research Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument.

Objective: To examine and critique current international clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) on management of paediatric neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) and assess the applicability of these guidelines to clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a systematic review of all CPGs on NLUTD published in English from the year 2010 to 2022. Six reviewers independently used the Appraisal of Guidelines and Research Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument to appraise all eligible CPGs.

Hepatitis B-Related Hepatic Flare During Immune Reconstitution Syndrome After Antiretroviral Treatment Initiation in an HBV Surface Antigen-Positive Patient With HIV: Viroimmunological and Histological Characterization.

HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection is relatively common. Initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people with HIV (PWH) causes a progressive restoration of cell-mediated immune functions. In the presence of overt or occult coinfections, immune restoration might lead to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).

Evaluation of DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation from myocardial perfusion imaging: a pilot study.

Background: As patient exposure to ionizing radiation raises concern about malignancy risks, this study evaluated the effect of ionizing radiation on patients undergoing myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) using the comet assay, a method for detection of DNA damage.

Methods: Patients without cancer, acute or autoimmune diseases, recent surgery or trauma, were studied. Gated single-photon myocardial perfusion imaging was performed with Tc-99m sestamibi.

The silent trial - the bridge between bench-to-bedside clinical AI applications.

As more artificial intelligence (AI) applications are integrated into healthcare, there is an urgent need for standardization and quality-control measures to ensure a safe and successful transition of these novel tools into clinical practice. We describe the role of the silent trial, which evaluates an AI model on prospective patients in real-time, while the end-users (i.e.

Prevalence and management of rubella susceptibility in healthcare workers in Italy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: In the pre-vaccination era, all adults acquired immunity status due to natural infections during childhood and adolescence, whereas universal mass vaccination has changed the seroepidemiology of rubella among adults, showing lack of immunity in some subgroups. National and international guidelines recommend evaluating all healthcare workers (HCWs) for their immune status to rubella and possibly vaccinating those who are seronegative. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the susceptibility rate to rubella among HCWs in Italy and to explore possible options for the management of those found to be susceptible.

Bovine Serum Amine Oxidase and Polyamine Analogues: Chemical Synthesis and Biological Evaluation Integrated with Molecular Docking and 3-D QSAR Studies.

Natural polyamines (PAs) are key players in cellular homeostasis by regulating cell growth and proliferation. Several observations highlight that PAs are also implicated in pathways regulating cell death. Indeed, the PA accumulation cytotoxic effect, maximized with the use of bovine serum amine oxidase (BSAO) enzyme, represents a valuable strategy against tumor progression.

Comparison of outcomes of prenatal versus postnatal presentation of posterior urethral valves: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine through a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis the differences in the outcomes of prenatally versus postnatally diagnosed posterior urethral valves (PUV) to ascertain if prenatal detection of PUV has superior outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in March 2022 (PROSPERO ID - CRD42021243546) and included all studies that reported outcomes of prenatally and postnatally diagnosed PUV. However, for meta-analysis, only those studies that described both groups were included.

Scoping review of recent evidence on the management of pediatric urolithiasis: summary of meta-analyses, systematic reviews and relevant randomized controlled trials.

This scoping review aimed to evaluate and summarize the recent 10 year pediatric urolithiasis literature with a particular focus on systematic reviews, randomized-controlled trials (RCT) and meta-analysis. The systematic literature search performed on September 1, 2021, restricted to the recent 10 years, focused on pediatric urolithiasis that are RCTs, meta-analysis and systematic reviews. The summarized literature included etiology, diagnostics, medical and surgical management.

Scoping review of neurogenic bladder patient-reported readiness and experience following care in a transitional urology clinic.

Objective: To generate a scoping review that summarizes thematically on all reported patient perceptions on readiness and experiences during transitional urologic care for patients with neurogenic bladder and or congenital genitourinary conditions that require continuity of care into adulthood.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in October 2021. Records were screened and identified for studies relevant to reported readiness and experience in urologic transitional care among patients needing life-long urologic care.

Dyslipidemia in Transplant Patients: Which Therapy?

Cardiovascular disease is the most important cause of death worldwide in recent years; an increasing trend is also shown in organ transplant patients subjected to immunosuppressive therapies, in which cardiovascular diseases represent one of the most frequent causes of long-term mortality. This is also linked to immunosuppressant-induced dyslipidemia, which occurs in 27 to 71% of organ transplant recipients. The aim of this review is to clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying dyslipidemia in patients treated with immunosuppressants to identify immunosuppressive therapies which do not cause dyslipidemia or therapeutic pathways effective in reducing hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, or both, without further adverse events.

Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Its Association with Maternal and Newborn Outcomes.

Background: Pregnancy is a crucial stage in a woman’s life and can be affected by epigenetic and environmental factors. Diet also plays a key role in gestation. This study aimed to evaluate how a greater or lesser adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) influences specific parameters of mother and newborn.

Deep learning imaging features derived from kidney ultrasounds predict chronic kidney disease progression in children with posterior urethral valves.

Background: We sought to use deep learning to extract anatomic features from postnatal kidney ultrasounds and evaluate their performance in predicting the risk and timing of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression for boys with posterior urethral valves (PUV). We hypothesized that these features would predict CKD progression better than clinical characteristics such as nadir creatinine alone.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of boys with PUV treated at two pediatric health systems from 1990 to 2021.

Comparison of continuous and interrupted suture techniques in pyeloplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pelvi-ureteric anastomosis is a critical step to ensure good outcome of pyeloplasty. Continuous suturing technique, especially for laparoscopic surgeries, may offer faster operative time while allowing water-tight anastomosis and remains an alternative to interrupted suturing technique. There has been mixed data on comparison of outcomes of continuous and interrupted suturing techniques.

Modifications of Behavior and Inflammation in Mice Following Transplant with Fecal Microbiota from Children with Autism.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder displaying the modification of complex human behaviors, characterized by social interaction impairments, stereotypical/repetitive activities and emotional dysregulation. In this study, fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) via gavage from autistic children donors to mice, led to the colonization of ASD-like microbiota and autistic behaviors compared to the offspring of pregnant females exposed to valproic acid (VPA). Such variations seemed to be tightly associated with increased populations of Tenericutes plus a notable reduction (p < 0.

Toll-like receptor 2 promotes breast cancer progression and resistance to chemotherapy.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the main drivers of disease progression and chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer. Tumor progression and chemoresistance might then be prevented by CSC-targeted therapies. We previously demonstrated that Toll-like Receptor (TLR)2 is overexpressed in CSCs and fuels their self-renewal.

Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Inhibitors Use for Atherogenic Dyslipidemia in Solid Organ Transplant Patients.

Dyslipidemia is a widespread risk factor in solid organ transplant patients, due to many reasons, such as the use of immunosuppressive drugs, with a consequent increase in cardiovascular diseases in this population. PCSK9 is an enzyme mainly known for its role in altering LDL levels, consequently increasing cardiovascular risk. Monoclonal antibody PCSK9 inhibitors demonstrated remarkable efficacy in the general population in reducing LDL cholesterol levels and preventing cardiovascular disease.

Low Complexity of Infection Is Associated With Molecular Persistence of in Kenya and Tanzania.

Background: resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) is a threat to malaria elimination. ACT-resistance in Asia raises concerns for emergence of resistance in Africa. While most data show high efficacy of ACT regimens in Africa, there have been reports describing declining efficacy, as measured by both clinical failure and prolonged parasite clearance times.

Attaining competency and proficiency in open pyeloplasty: a learning curve configuration using cumulative sum analysis.

Introduction: The learning curves for minimally invasive pyeloplasty techniques have been described in the past. However, the learning curve in achieving competency in open pyeloplasty has not been described. Hence, we aim to evaluate a single surgeon series of open pyeloplasty technique using the cumulative sum (CUSUM) methodology.