Enrichment of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts, Macrophages, and Up-Regulated TNF-α Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment of CMS4 Colorectal Peritoneal Metastasis.

Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is the main cause of CRC mortality, with limited treatment options. Although immunotherapy has benefited some cancer patients, mCRC typically lacks the molecular features that respond to this treatment. However, recent studies indicate that the immune microenvironment of mCRC may be modified to enhance the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Increasing solar UV radiation in Dortmund, Germany: data and trend analyses and comparison to Uccle, Belgium.

Increasing solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can raise human exposure to UVR and adversely affect the environment. Precise measurements of ground-level solar UVR and long-term data series are crucial for evaluating time trends in UVR. This study focuses on spectrally resolved data from a UVR measuring station in Dortmund, Germany (51.

Multi-omics profiling of longitudinal samples reveals early genomic changes in follicular lymphoma.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common indolent type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Advances in treatment have improved overall survival, but early relapse or transformation to aggressive disease is associated with inferior outcome. To identify early genetic events and track tumor clonal evolution, we performed multi-omics analysis of 94 longitudinal biopsies from 44 FL patients; 22 with transformation (tFL) and 22 with relapse without transformation (nFL).

Unravelling large-scale patterns and drivers of biodiversity in dry rivers.

More than half of the world's rivers dry up periodically, but our understanding of the biological communities in dry riverbeds remains limited. Specifically, the roles of dispersal, environmental filtering and biotic interactions in driving biodiversity in dry rivers are poorly understood. Here, we conduct a large-scale coordinated survey of patterns and drivers of biodiversity in dry riverbeds.

Filling data gaps in long-term solar UV monitoring by statistical imputation methods.

Knowledge of long-term time trends of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation on ground level is of high scientific interest. For this purpose, precise measurements over a long time are necessary. One of the challenges solar UV monitoring faces is the permanent and gap-free data collection over several decades.

The efficacy of sacituzumab govitecan and trastuzumab deruxtecan on stable and active brain metastases in metastatic breast cancer patients-a multicenter real-world analysis.

Background: Fifteen to thirty percent of all patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) develop brain metastases (BCBMs). Recently, the antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) sacituzumab govitecan (SG) and trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) have shown to be highly effective in the treatment of MBC. However, there are only limited data whether these macromolecules are also effective in patients with BCBMs.

Patient Perspectives on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is being rapidly adopted into many different branches of medicine. Although research has started to highlight the impact of AI on health care, the focus on patient perspectives of AI is scarce. This scoping review aimed to explore the literature on adult patients' perspectives on the use of an array of AI technologies in the health care setting for design and deployment.

Multi-sensor characterization for an improved identification of polymers in WEEE recycling.

Polymers represent around 25% of total waste from electronic and electric equipment. Any successful recycling process must ensure that polymer-specific functionalities are preserved, to avoid downcycling. This requires a precise characterization of particle compounds moving at high speeds on conveyor belts in processing plants.

Use of Metadata-Driven Approaches for Data Harmonization in the Medical Domain: Scoping Review.

Background: Multisite clinical studies are increasingly using real-world data to gain real-world evidence. However, due to the heterogeneity of source data, it is difficult to analyze such data in a unified way across clinics. Therefore, the implementation of Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) or Extract-Load-Transform (ELT) processes for harmonizing local health data is necessary, in order to guarantee the data quality for research.

Structural mechanisms of autoinhibition and substrate recognition by the ubiquitin ligase HACE1.

Ubiquitin ligases (E3s) are pivotal specificity determinants in the ubiquitin system by selecting substrates and decorating them with distinct ubiquitin signals. However, structure determination of the underlying, specific E3-substrate complexes has proven challenging owing to their transient nature. In particular, it is incompletely understood how members of the catalytic cysteine-driven class of HECT-type ligases (HECTs) position substrate proteins for modification.

Structural basis for RNA polymerase II ubiquitylation and inactivation in transcription-coupled repair.

During transcription-coupled DNA repair (TCR), RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transitions from a transcriptionally active state to an arrested state that allows for removal of DNA lesions. This transition requires site-specific ubiquitylation of Pol II by the CRL4 ubiquitin ligase, a process that is facilitated by ELOF1 in an unknown way. Using cryogenic electron microscopy, biochemical assays and cell biology approaches, we found that ELOF1 serves as an adaptor to stably position UVSSA and CRL4 on arrested Pol II, leading to ligase neddylation and activation of Pol II ubiquitylation.

Pharmacological Improvement of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Function Rescues Airway Epithelial Homeostasis and Host Defense in Children with Cystic Fibrosis.

Pharmacological improvement of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) provides unprecedented improvements in lung function and other clinical outcomes in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, ETI effects on impaired mucosal homeostasis and host defense at the molecular and cellular levels in the airways of patients with CF remain unknown. To investigate effects of ETI on the transcriptome of nasal epithelial and immune cells from children with CF at the single-cell level.

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on hospital admissions for epistaxis in Germany.

Background: Reports of a decrease in hospital admissions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown period have raised concerns about delayed or missed diagnoses and treatments for non-COVID-19-related illnesses.

Aim: To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic-induced lockdown and its end on hospital admissions of patients with epistaxis in Germany.

Methods: A retrospective analysis based on the national database of the Hospital Remuneration System was used to compare hospital admissions during defined time periods between 2019 and 2022 with the lockdown period as the reference period.

Evidence-Based Practice Competencies among Nutrition Professionals and Students: A Systematic Review.

Background: Evidence-based practice (EBP) promotes shared decision-making between clinicians and patients.

Objective: The aim was to determine EBP competencies among nutrition professionals and students reported in the literature.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review by searching Medline, Embase, CINAHL, ERIC, CENTRAL, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, BIOSIS Citation Index, and clinicaltrials.

Sediment characteristics mediate mixture effect of metconazole and thiacloprid on the activity behavior of the amphipod Hyalella azteca.

Pesticide mixtures occur frequently in freshwaters. Here, pesticides can persist over long periods and alter aquatic communities and ecosystems by causing chronic indirect effects. Particularly effects on activity behavior of organisms can be considered as starting points of cascading effects as they provide the basis for further sublethal responses such as reproduction or feeding.

[Adverse Childhood Experiences in Mothers and Intergenerational Family Violence].

For children, own adverse experiences, as well as their exposure to intimate partner violence poses a severe risk for health and development. In order to answer the question of intergenerational transmission of family violence, adverse childhood experiences in mothers are considered to be a significant risk factor for the occurrence of child maltreatment and intimate partner violence in families, which, however, has been little studied in Germany. Therefore, this paper uses cross-sectional data of 5.

Discharge of iodine-containing contrast media into the environment - problem analysis and implementation of measures to reduce discharge by means of separation toilets - experience from a pilot project.

Purpose: Environmental aspects and sustainability are becoming increasingly important. In addition to energy consumption, the consumption and environmental discharge of contrast agents pose a particular challenge. Because of their desired stability, X-ray contrast agents (XCAs) are deposited in surface water at a rate of up to 400 tons per year.

Diversity of intratumoral regulatory T cells in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells (Tregs) contribute to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Despite extensive studies, the prognostic impact of tumor-infiltrating Tregs in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHLs) remains unclear. Emerging studies suggest substantial heterogeneity in the phenotypes and suppressive capacities of Tregs, emphasizing the importance of understanding Treg diversity and the need for additional markers to identify highly suppressive Tregs.

A HUWE1 defect causes PARP inhibitor resistance by modulating the BRCA1-∆11q splice variant.

Although PARP inhibitors (PARPi) now form part of the standard-of-care for the treatment of homologous recombination defective cancers, de novo and acquired resistance limits their overall effectiveness. Previously, overexpression of the BRCA1-∆11q splice variant has been shown to cause PARPi resistance. How cancer cells achieve increased BRCA1-∆11q expression has remained unclear.