Etching Patterns of Self-Etching Primers in Relation to Shear Bond Strength on Unground Enamel Samples.

It was the intention of the study to evaluate the etching effects of several self-etching primers on unground enamel and their relevance for shear bond strength testing. Seven self-etching primers (Clearfil SE, Futurabond NR, M-Bond, One Coat, Optibond, Transbond SEP+, Xeno III) and a conventional 35% phosphoric gel acid were applied to bovine incisors according to the manufacturer's instructions. All specimens were analyzed by electron microscopy.

Siloranes-Suitability of a Novel Adhesive for Orthodontic Bracket Bonding.

Recently, an epoxy-based resin-Filtek Silorane-has been proposed for restorative fillings. It was the aim of the investigation to evaluate the suitability of this novel resin for orthodontic bracket bonding on unground enamel. Shear bond strength was measured for two adhesives-Filtek Silorane, Transbond XT-in combination with steel, ceramic and polymer brackets.

Shear bond strength of a novel silorane adhesive to orthodontic brackets and unprepared bovine enamel.

Purpose: To evaluate the suitability of a novel epoxy-based resin, Filtek Silorane, for orthodontic bracket bonding on unprepared enamel.

Materials And Methods: Shear forces to bovine enamel were measured for Filtek Silorane and Transbond XT in combination with steel, ceramic, and polymer brackets. For Filtek Silorane, etching was performed with the Silorane self-etching primer alone or an additional previous application of phosphoric acid.

Influence of initial strain on the force decay of currently available elastic chains over time.

Objective: To investigate the dependence of force decay on the initial strain applied to currently available elastic chains.

Materials And Methods: Eight different elastic chains from eight major companies were tested for force decay over a period of 3 weeks at 50% and 100% strain. They were stored in water and thermocycled between 5°C and 55°C.

Active and passive self-ligation: a myth? Part 1: torque control.

Objective: To determine the amount of torque expressed by various self-ligating brackets and to evaluate the influence of active clip designs.

Materials And Methods: Torque moments were measured for nine different bracket types in combination with a 0.019 × 0.

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in the adolescent oral cavity: dependence on orthodontic therapy, oral flora and hygiene.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection usually occurs in childhood. While there are various studies on the prevalence of HP in dental plaque, ours is the first to analyze its prevalence during orthodontic therapy and its interaction with competitive bacteria in adolescents.

Subjects And Methods: The prevalence of HP was examined before and during the first 12 weeks of orthodontic therapy with fixed appliances in 11 patients with a mean age of 12.

Force levels of 23 nickel-titanium open-coil springs in compression testing.

Introduction: Open-coil springs are commonly used auxiliaries in fixed orthodontic appliance therapy. Space opening for impacted or heavily crowded teeth as well as distalization of molars all require specific force levels. It is the aim of the current study to present an overview of the mechanical properties of currently available nickel titanium (NiTi) closed coil springs.

Influence of bending mode on the mechanical properties of nickel-titanium archwires and correlation to differential scanning calorimetry measurements.

Introduction: Nickel-titanium orthodontic archwires are used with bonded appliances for initial leveling. However, precise bending of these archwires is difficult and can lead to changes within the crystal structure of the alloy, thus changing the mechanical properties unpredictably. The aim of this study was to evaluate different bending methods in relation to the subsequent mechanical characteristics of the alloy.

The influence of dental loupes on the quality of adhesive removal in orthodontic debonding.

Objective: Bracket bonding has been a major advance in orthodontic treatment. However, the method of debonding can lead to diverse problems such as enamel fractures, enamel loss and enamel scratching. In this clinical investigation we aimed to evaluate the influence of wearing dental loupes on enamel damage during the debonding procedure.

Roughness of enamel surfaces after different bonding and debonding procedures : An in vitro study.

Background And Aim: Maintaining an intact enamel surface is an essential aspect of orthodontic therapy; however, various therapeutic measures can affect this surface. The aim of our study was to evaluate roughness of the enamel surface after different conditioning and polishing procedures.

Materials And Methods: 42 bovine incisors were submitted to conventional abrasion (using 37% phosphoric acid), to air abrasion, and a combination of the two.

Active and passive self-ligation-a myth?

Objective: To compare the frictional behavior of several self-ligating brackets with that of normal brackets both with and without tipping force-moments and in combination with different archwire dimensions.

Materials And Methods: The resistance to sliding (RS) of seven self-ligating brackets, a conventional bracket, and a ceramic bracket with a low-friction clip were evaluated in combination with three different archwires and tipping force-moments of 0 and 10 Nmm. The center of rotation for the measurements was set within the center of the bracket or with a 10-mm offset.

Influence of enamel conditioning on the shear bond strength of different adhesives.

Background And Objective: Phosphoric acid etching is the gold standard for enamel conditioning. However, it is possible that air abrasion or a combination of air abrasion and etching might result in enhanced adhesion. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different enamel conditioning methods on the bond strength of six adhesives.

Influence of decontamination procedures on shear forces after contamination with blood or saliva.

Introduction: Despite rapid development in adhesive technology, contamination of bonding surfaces remains a major problem. The aims of this study were to evaluate the influence of contamination on bond strength and to investigate possible decontamination procedures.

Methods: Four bonding systems were evaluated for their shear bond strengths under 5 bonding situations: control (without contamination and decontamination); contamination with blood; contamination with saliva; decontamination with water and air, and repriming after blood contamination; and decontamination with water and air, and repriming after saliva contamination.

Mechanical behavior and clinical application of nickel-titanium closed-coil springs under different stress levels and mechanical loading cycles.

Introduction: The main advantage of superelastic nickel-titanium (NiTi) products is their unique characteristic of force plateaus, which allow for clinically precise control of the force. The aims of this study were to define the mechanical characteristics of several currently available closed-coil retraction springs and to compare these products.

Methods: A universal test frame was used to acquire force-deflection diagrams of 24 NiTi closed-coil springs at body temperature.

Shear modulus of 5 flowable composites to the EverStick Ortho fiber-reinforced composite retainer: an in-vitro study.

Introduction: Although fiber-reinforced composites (FRC) are now available for use as orthodontic retainers, little is known about their bonding properties. Our aim in this study was to investigate the adhesive properties of various composites to a commercially available FRC retainer.

Methods: Five flowable composites (Grandio Flow [Voco GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany], Synergy Flow [Coltène/Whaledent AG, Genf, Switzerland], Tetric Flow [Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan Fürstentum, Liechtenstein], Tetric Flow Chroma [Ivoclar Vivadent AG], and Transbond LR [3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) were tested for their shear bond strengths to the EverStick Ortho (Stick Tech Ltd Oy, Turku, Finland) FRC retainer stick.

Theoretical considerations for the surgical correction of mandibular deformity in hemifacial microsomia patients using multifocal distraction osteogenesis.

Purpose: This theoretical pilot study investigated the geometric changes necessary to normalize the mandibular shape in hemifacial microsomia. Using the mandibular deformity of a 13-year-old patient affected by hemifacial microsomia as an example, we addressed 2 main issues. First, the number of segments needed for adequate reshaping of the deformed mandible is evaluated.