Control of expression and activity of peroxisome proliferated-activated receptor γ by Annexin A1 on microglia during efferocytosis.

Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is a protein secreted by phagocytic cells which plays a pivotal role on the resolution of inflammation by enhancing phagocytosis carried out by phagocytes. Which factors and intracellular mechanisms are linked to such actions exerted by AnxA1 are yet to be completely understood. In order to investigate such, BV2 microglial cells were transfected with plasmids aimed at down-modulating AnxA1 expression and also treated with exogenous recombinant rAnxA1; gene and protein expression of proliferated-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CD36, STAT6 phosphorylation and phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons were investigated.

Connections of annexin A1 and translocator protein-18 kDa on toll like receptor stimulated BV-2 cells.

Background: Annexin A1 (ANXA1) and Translocator Protein-18KDa (TSPO) down-regulate neuroinflammation. We investigated the role of recombinant ANXA1 (rANXA) on TSPO functions on Toll Like Receptor (TLR) activated microglia.

Methods: BV-2 cells (murine microglia), were stimulated by E.

Determination of low levels of benzodiazepines and their metabolites in urine by hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

In this study, it is shown a method for the determination of benzodiazepines and their main metabolites in urine samples by hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) in the three-phase mode. Initially, the hydrolysis step was performed using 100 μL of sodium acetate 2.0 mol/L buffer solution (pH 4.