Variability in Maize Seed Bacterization and Survival Correlating with Root Colonization by Isolates with Plant-Probiotic Traits.

Seed treatment with plant growth-promoting bacteria represents the primary strategy to incorporate them into agricultural ecosystems, particularly for crops under extensive management, such as maize. In this study, we evaluated the seed bacterization levels, root colonization patterns, and root competitiveness of a collection of autochthonous isolates that have demonstrated several plant-probiotic abilities in vitro. Our findings indicate that the seed bacterization level, both with and without the addition of various protectants, is specific to each strain, including their response to seed pre-hydration.

New archival digital exhibit.

is a digital exhibit which celebrates the forgotten contributions to psychology by Prof. Vincent V. Herr, S.

Impact of Pediatric Dental Resident Availability in the Pediatric Emergency Department.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the impact of Delaware's first pediatric dental residency program on treatment of patients presenting to the pediatric emergency department (PED).

Methods: Charts were reviewed for patients presenting to the PED with a dental chief complaint over a 9-month period with a comparison period. Chief complaint, diagnosis, treatment interventions, disposition, and demographic information were included.

Oral Complaint Visits to the Pediatric Emergency Department During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: We aimed to describe differences in orofacial complaints presenting to a pediatric emergency department (PED) during the COVID-19 pandemic as compared to those presenting prior to the pandemic.

Study Design: A retrospective review was conducted in the PED from March 16, 2020, to August 16, 2020, and compared with the prior year.

Results: Despite a 41% reduction in total PED visits, oral visits as a percentage of PED volume increased (3% vs 2%) P < 0.

Spore exines increase vitamin D clinical bioavailability by mucoadhesion and bile triggered release.

Sporopollenin exine capsules (SpECs) are microcapsules derived from the outer shells (exines) of plant spore and pollen grains. This work reports the first clinical study on healthy volunteers to show enhanced bioavailability of vitamin D encapsulated in SpECs from Lycopodium clavatum L. spore grains vs vitamin D alone, and the first evidence (in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo) of mechanisms to account for the enhancement and release of the active in the small intestine.

Defining 'normal': Methodological issues in Aphasia and intelligence research.

Theodore H. Weisenburg (1876-1934) and a series of colleagues embarked on a research program in 1927 to develop standardized tests to investigate the nature of language and intellectual impairments in aphasic and non-aphasic individuals. This project culminated in two significant contributions to neuropsychological testing (Weisenburg & McBride, 1935; Weisenburg, Roe and McBride, 1936).

Cyclic fertilin-derived peptide stimulates in vitro human embryo development.

Objective: To study the cyclic fertilin peptide effects on preimplantation human embryogenesis. Cyclic fertilin peptide reproduces the structure of the binding site of the sperm Fertilin β (also named A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 2: ADAM2) disintegrin domain. It binds to the oocyte membrane and increases sperm-oocyte fusion index in human and fertilization rate in mouse, providing healthy pups.

Citizen-led sampling to monitor phosphate levels in freshwater environments using a simple paper microfluidic device.

Contamination of waterways is of increasing concern, with recent studies demonstrating elevated levels of antibiotics, antidepressants, household, agricultural and industrial chemicals in freshwater systems. Thus, there is a growing demand for methods to rapidly and conveniently monitor contaminants in waterways. Here we demonstrate how a combination of paper microfluidic devices and handheld mobile technology can be used by citizen scientists to carry out a sustained water monitoring campaign.

The Long View of Language Localization.

For British neurologists, one case was considered to represent significant evidence regarding the organization of language in the brain in the second half of the 19th century. The interpretation of its significance was based on repeated standard clinical assessment of behavioral deficits, the use of a psychological model of processing, and lesion localization to inform understanding of clinic-pathological correlation. The aphasic deficits experienced by a single case were observed and recorded by London neurologist Henry Charlton Bastian (1837-1915) over a period of 18 years and used as a demonstration of clinico-pathological reasoning regarding language function.

The laryngoscope and nineteenth-century British understanding of laryngeal movements.

The source of the human voice is obscured from view. The development of the laryngoscope in the late 1850s provided the potential to see the action of the vocal folds during speaking for the first time. This new instrument materially contributed to the understanding of vocal fold neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, and neuropathology.

Copy number variations and founder effect underlying complete IL-10Rβ deficiency in Portuguese kindreds.

Mutations in interleukin-10 receptor (IL-10R) genes are one cause of very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease with perianal lesions, which can be cured by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Using a functional test, which assesses responsiveness of peripheral monocytes to IL-10, we identified three unrelated Portuguese patients carrying two novel IL-10RB mutations. In the three patients, sequencing of genomic DNA identified the same large deletion of exon 3 which precluded protein expression.

Production of recombinant NS1 protein and its possible use in encephalitic flavivirus differential diagnosis.

Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) are two of the major causes of arboviral encephalitis in the Americas. The co-circulation of related flaviviruses in the Americas and prior vaccination against flaviviruses pose problems to the diagnostic specificity of serological assays due to the development of cross-reactive antibodies. An accurate diagnosis method capable of differentiating these related viruses is needed.

Effect of Cell-Free DNA Screening vs Direct Invasive Diagnosis on Miscarriage Rates in Women With Pregnancies at High Risk of Trisomy 21: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) tests are increasingly being offered to women in the first trimester of pregnancies at a high risk of trisomy 21 to decrease the number of required invasive fetal karyotyping procedures and their associated miscarriages. The effect of this strategy has not been evaluated.

Objective: To compare the rates of miscarriage following invasive procedures only in the case of positive cfDNA test results vs immediate invasive testing procedures (amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling) in women with pregnancies at high risk of trisomy 21 as identified by first-trimester combined screening.

Influence of Solvent Representation on Nuclear Shielding Calculations of Protonation States of Small Biological Molecules.

In this study, we assess the influence of solvation on the accuracy and reliability of isotropic nuclear magnetic shielding calculations for amino acids in comparison to experimental data. We focus particularly on the performance of solvation methods for different protonation states, as biological molecules occur almost exclusively in aqueous solution and are subject to protonation with pH. We identify significant shortcomings of current implicit solvent models and present a hybrid solvation approach that improves agreement with experimental data by taking into account the presence of direct interactions between amino acid protonation state and water molecules.

Preserved appreciation of aesthetic elements of speech and music prosody in an amusic individual: A holistic approach.

We present a follow-up study on the case of a Greek amusic adult, B.Z., whose impaired performance on scale, contour, interval, and meter was reported by Paraskevopoulos, Tsapkini, and Peretz in 2010, employing a culturally-tailored version of the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia.

Morell Mackenzie's Contribution to the Description of Spasmodic Dysphonia.

Objectives: Since the middle of the 20th century, most discussions of spasmodic dysphonia (SD) reference a paper by Ludwig Traube published in1871 as the first historical citation, crediting him with priority for this clinical syndrome. However, our recent research has determined that the original observation by Traube was published in 1864 and does not in fact describe what is currently recognized as SD. It appears that many clinics throughout Europe and North America were investigating and publishing observations on a range of voice disorders.

Ocean acidification affects marine chemical communication by changing structure and function of peptide signalling molecules.

Ocean acidification is a global challenge that faces marine organisms in the near future with a predicted rapid drop in pH of up to 0.4 units by the end of this century. Effects of the change in ocean carbon chemistry and pH on the development, growth and fitness of marine animals are well documented.

Tracing Spasmodic Dysphonia: The Source of Ludwig Traube's Priority.

Objectives: Since the mid-20th century, one citation is given historical priority as the first description of spasmodic dysphonia (SD): Ludwig Traube's 1871 case of the "spastic form of nervous hoarseness." Our objective is to understand how this case serves as the foundation of understanding laryngeal movement disorders.

Methods: The original German paper was located and translated.

Review of differential diagnosis and management of spasmodic dysphonia.

Purpose Of Review: The recent literature on spasmodic dysphonia is reviewed with regard to pathogenesis, differential diagnosis, treatment options, audits, and current methods of management.

Recent Findings: Advances in technology have enabled clinicians to better understand the connection between brain and laryngeal function and dysfunction. Refinements in imaging and genetic investigation techniques have led to advances in the understanding of the underlying mechanism of this neurolaryngeal disorder.

The Third Man: Robert Dunn's (1799-1877) Contribution to Aphasia Research in Mid-Nineteenth-Century England.

Throughout his medical career, Robert Dunn (1799-1877) published a number of clinical cases with postmortem reports involving acquired language disorders, with the first noted in 1842. He developed a physiologically informed approach to psychological function during the 1850s along with a group of notable colleagues Benjamin Collins Brodie, Henry Holland, Thomas Laycock, John Daniel Morell, and Daniel Noble. He was also active in ethnographic research on human origins and racial diversity.

Chelator free gallium-68 radiolabelling of silica coated iron oxide nanorods via surface interactions.

The commercial availability of combined magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/positron emission tomography (PET) scanners for clinical use has increased demand for easily prepared agents which offer signal or contrast in both modalities. Herein we describe a new class of silica coated iron-oxide nanorods (NRs) coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and/or a tetraazamacrocyclic chelator (DO3A). Studies of the coated NRs validate their composition and confirm their properties as in vivo T2 MRI contrast agents.

Singing by speechless (aphasic) children: Victorian medical observations.

In the second half of the nineteenth century, British clinicians made observations regarding the ability of individuals with impaired language abilities to sing or hum. One notable publication was of two cases of children briefly observed by John Hughlings Jackson (1835-1911) in 1871. These children were speechless but could produce some musical expression.