Echocardiographic evaluation of inferior vena cava diameters and collapsibility index in healthy children.

Introduction. Echocardiographic measurement of inferior vena cava diameters and collapsibility index (IVCCI) can estimate right heart chamber function and intravascular volume status. Few reports of reference values for diameters and IVCCI in the pediatric population exist.

Three-dimensional cell culture conditions promoted the Mesenchymal-Amoeboid Transition in the Triple-Negative Breast Cancer cell line MDA-MB-231.

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of death among women, primarily due to its potential for metastasis. As BC progresses, the extracellular matrix (ECM) produces more type-I collagen, resulting in increased stiffness. This alteration influences cellular behaviors such as migration, invasion, and metastasis.

COVID-19: Regional Anesthesia, Benefits, and Practical Recommendations.

During coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, efforts have been made to rethink the health system and provide various recommendations to the best care of patients and for the protection of health personnel. In patients with suspicion or confirmation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) who require surgical intervention and anesthetic management, strategies must be established to minimize aerosol-generating procedures. Regional anesthesia (RA) is not considered an aerosol-generating procedure per se and is currently proposed such as a safe strategy and part of comprehensive perioperative care.

Epigenetics and Postsurgical Pain: A Scoping Review.

Objective: Multiple factors are involved in the physiology and variability of postsurgical pain, a great part of which can be explained by genetic and environmental factors and their interaction. Epigenetics refers to the mechanism by which the environment alters the stability and expression of genes. We conducted a scoping review to examine the available evidence in both animal models and clinical studies on epigenetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of postsurgical and chronic postsurgical pain.

Microcephaly, an etiopathogenic vision.

Microcephaly is defined by an occipital-frontal head circumference (OFD) 2 standard deviations (SD) smaller than the average expected for age, gender and population. Its incidence has been reported between 1.3 and 150 cases per 100,000 births.

BIK and GRP78 protein expression as possible markers of response to preoperative chemotherapy and survival in breast cancer.

Objective: BIK and GRP78 have shown differential expression profiles in breast cancer (BC) tissue, in addition to its important participation in the pathophysiology of cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of BIK and GRP78 protein expression with clinical and pathologic response to preoperative chemotherapy, recurrence, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), in patients with BC.

Material And Methods: Fifty-three patients who received preoperative chemotherapy where included in an observational, analytical and retrospective study to assess the BIK and GRP78 protein expression by immunohistochemistry in microarrays of BC tissue obtained before treatment.

Implications of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) for the anesthesiological practice.

The purpose of this article is to review the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2, the clinical-epidemiological aspects of COVID-19, and the implications anesthesiologists when performing aerosol-generating procedures. A search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, SciELO, and Web of Science databases was performed until April 9, 2020, using the words: "COVID-19 or COVID19 or SARS-CoV-2 and anesthesiology or anesthesia". Forty-eight articles with information on the management of the patient in the perioperative period or the intensive care unit when suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included.

Glycosylated hemoglobin level in patients with and without surgical site infection after hysterectomy.

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) occurs in 11-12% of surgeries. The glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) has been found to be significantly elevated in those who presented infection.

Objective: To compare the concentration of HbA1c between patients with and without SSI after hysterectomy.

[COVID-19, implications for the newborn. Literature review].

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2, which was unknown until in December 2019, when the outbreak of viral pneumonia in Wuhan, China, was reported. Since different age groups are susceptible to this infection, including newborns, the objective of this article is to review scientific literature published in English language and available in PubMed database until April 21, 2020, related to epidemiological and clinical aspects in newborns with suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as the recommendations for their management. In general, symptoms in newborns are milder (may even be asymptomatic) and compared to adults, their prognosis is more favorable.

[Molecular diagnosis of breast cancer: prognostic and therapeutic implications].

Breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in women in the world. In Mexico, since 2006, this disease has become the leading cancer-related cause of death in women. It is estimated that incidence and mortality will continue to rise due to population aging, to changes in reproductive patterns, to a higher prevalence of risk factors and to limited access to medical care, resulting in delayed early diagnosis and timely treatment.

[Circulating tumor cells in breast cancer].

Breast cancer is the most recurrent cancer in female population, its mortality is related to the presence of distant metastases. Distant metastasis begins as a small group of cells that spread regionally and remotely from the site of primary origin. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) are present in the blood of cancer patients and are therefore considered disease markers and precursors of metastasis.

[Chronic pain in patients with breast cancer].

Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women. Even though most women diagnosed with breast cancer survive, many of them experience pain as part of the disease process or as a side effect of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Given that chronic pain in patients with breast cancer is a complex experience, the objective of this article was to conduct a systematic review of the scientific literature available in the PubMed database in English language between January 2000 and September 2019 on the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical characteristics, preventive strategies and treatment of chronic pain in patients with breast cancer, since the knowledge of these aspects is transcendental to identify, treat and monitor patients in the long term, in order to avoid further impact on their quality of life, already altered.

[Breast cancer].

Breast cancer is a public health problem in Mexico and the world, being the first cause of cancer death in women. Even though scientific advances have allowed the identification of several risk factors, the use of screening and detection techniques, as well as the therapeutic approach, since breast cancer is a heterogeneous entity, it is necessary to carry out studies that increase the knowledge about its epidemiological, clinical, histopathological and molecular characteristics that allow improving the strategies of prevention, diagnosis, treatment and reduction of complications in order to improve the quality of life and the survival of patients.

Hypothyroidism and isolated hypothyroxinemia in pregnancy, from physiology to the clinic.

Many changes occur in the physiology of the maternal thyroid gland to maintain an adequate level of thyroid hormones (THs) at each stage of gestation during normal pregnancy, however, some factors can produce low levels of these hormones, which can alter the onset and progression of pregnancy. Deficiency of THs can be moderate or severe, and classified as overt or clinical hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, and isolated hypothyroxinemia. Overt hypothyroidism has been reported in 0.

Correlation of the protein expression of GRP78 and BIK/NBK with prognostic markers in patients with breast cancer and neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of expression of GRP78 and BIK/NBK proteins, as well as to evaluate their correlation with prognostic factors for clinical use in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) or preoperative chemotherapy (PC). An observational, analytical and retrospective study that evaluated the expression of BIK/NBK and GRP78 by means of immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded tumour tissue samples obtained before the start of PC was executed. GRP78 was positive in 93.

Treatment of Breast Cancer With Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analogs.

Although significant progress has been made in the implementation of new breast cancer treatments over the last three decades, this neoplasm annually continues to show high worldwide rates of morbidity and mortality. In consequence, the search for novel therapies with greater effectiveness and specificity has not come to a stop. Among the alternative therapeutic targets, the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone type I and type II (hGnRH-I and hGnRH-II, respectively) and its receptor, the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor type I (hGnRHR-I), have shown to be powerful therapeutic targets to decrease the adverse effects of this disease.

Effect of interscalene nerve block on the inflammatory response in shoulder surgery: a randomized trial.

Background: Comparing techniques of general anesthesia and regional anesthesia in arthroscopic shoulder surgery, some studies have shown differences in the intensity of immediate postoperative pain and neuroendocrine response, but the inflammatory response when using balanced general anesthesia (BGA) vs. an ultrasound-guided (USG) single-dose interscalene block (SDIB) has not been compared.

Materials And Methods: In a single-center, prospective, randomized clinical trial, the inflammatory response of 2 groups of 10 patients scheduled to undergo arthroscopic shoulder surgery was evaluated through measurement of a panel of cytokines that act on cells of the adaptive immune response to promote or inhibit inflammation, chemokines involved in chemotaxis, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and the white blood cell (WBC) count in 3 blood samples (before anesthesia, immediately postoperatively, and 24 hours postoperatively) with 2 types of anesthesia (BGA vs.

An update on amniotic bands sequence.

Amniotic bands sequence is a congenital disorder characterized by craniofacial, body wall, and limb anomalies that may be associated with fetalplacental fibrous bands. Its prevalence has been reported to range from 0.19 to 8.

Severe Craniofacial Involvement due to Amniotic Band Sequence.

Background: Disruptive amniotic band sequence (DABS) is a sporadic, non-familial disorder with unclear etiology. Diagnosis is based on clinical features because there is currently no reliable laboratory diagnostic tests.

Objective: We describe six cases of DABS with severe craniofacial deformations, three with and three without classical constrictive limb deformation.

Prevalence of hypothyroidism during pregnancy in a highly specialised referral centre in Mexico.

In order to determine the prevalence of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism, and isolated hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy, thyroid hormone reference values established by UMAE HGO4, IMSS in Mexico City and those suggested by the American Thyroid Association (ATA) were used. All pregnant patients, whose thyroid function was measured and whose pregnancy was monitored and resolved in UMAE HGO4, IMSS from 1 January to 31 December 2013, were included. Significant differences (p = .

Markers of circulating breast cancer cells.

The detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC) aids in diagnosis of disease, prognosis, disease recurrence, and therapeutic response. The molecular aspects of metastasis are reviewed including its relevance in the identification and characterization of putative markers that may be useful in the detection thereof. Also discussed are methods for CTC enrichment using molecular strategies.

[Clinical implications for fertility and pregnancy in Turner syndrome].

Turner syndrome patients have high risk of severe obstetrical complications and even of death during pregnancy. A medical team including cardiologists, genetists and maternal-fetal medicine specialists should perform a preconception and prenatal assessment in case pregnancy is contemplated. The main clinical implications for fertility and pregnancy in Turner Syndrome are reviewed and recommendations for management and follow-up of these patients are given.