Nightside clouds and disequilibrium chemistry on the hot Jupiter WASP-43b.

Hot Jupiters are among the best-studied exoplanets, but it is still poorly understood how their chemical composition and cloud properties vary with longitude. Theoretical models predict that clouds may condense on the nightside and that molecular abundances can be driven out of equilibrium by zonal winds. Here we report a phase-resolved emission spectrum of the hot Jupiter WASP-43b measured from 5 μm to 12 μm with the JWST's Mid-Infrared Instrument.

Cerebroprotective Effects of the TLR4-Binding DNA Aptamer ApTOLL in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke and Thrombectomy Recanalization.

ApTOLL, a TLR4 modulator aptamer, has demonstrated cerebroprotective effects in a permanent ischemic stroke mouse model, as well as safety and efficacy in early phase clinical trials. We carried out reverse translation research according to STAIR recommendations to further characterize the effects and mechanisms of ApTOLL after transient ischemic stroke in rats and to better inform the design of pivotal clinical trials. Adult male rats subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion were treated either with ApTOLL or the vehicle intravenously at different doses and time-points.

Clinical Simulation in Palliative Care for Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Randomized Clinical Trial and Complementary Qualitative Study.

Background: a lack of adequate training in palliative care leads to a greater emotional burden on nurses.

Purpose: to assess the effect of a simulation using standardized patients on self-efficacy in palliative care, ability to cope with death, and emotional intelligence among nursing students.

Methods: a randomized clinical trial and qualitative study.

Sulfur dioxide in the mid-infrared transmission spectrum of WASP-39b.

The recent inference of sulfur dioxide (SO) in the atmosphere of the hot (approximately 1,100 K), Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b from near-infrared JWST observations suggests that photochemistry is a key process in high-temperature exoplanet atmospheres. This is because of the low (<1 ppb) abundance of SO under thermochemical equilibrium compared with that produced from the photochemistry of HO and HS (1-10 ppm). However, the SO inference was made from a single, small molecular feature in the transmission spectrum of WASP-39b at 4.

Effect and mechanisms of resveratrol in animal models of ischemic stroke: A systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis.

Resveratrol (RSV) holds promise as cerebroprotective treatment in cerebral ischemia. This systematic review aims to assess the effects and mechanisms of RSV in animal models of ischemic stroke. We searched Medline, Embase and Web of Science to identify 75 and 57 eligible rodent studies for qualitative and quantitative syntheses, respectively.

Cerebroprotective Effect of 17β-Estradiol Replacement Therapy in Ovariectomy-Induced Post-Menopausal Rats Subjected to Ischemic Stroke: Role of MAPK/ERK1/2 Pathway and PI3K-Independent Akt Activation.

Despite the overwhelming advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of stroke, a devastating disease affecting millions of people worldwide, currently there are only a limited number of effective treatments available. Preclinical and clinical studies show that stroke is a sexually dimorphic disorder, affecting males and females differently. Strong experimental evidence indicates that estrogen may play a role in this difference and that exogenous 17β-estradiol (E2) is neuroprotective against stroke in both male and female rodents.

A broadband thermal emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-18b.

Close-in giant exoplanets with temperatures greater than 2,000 K ('ultra-hot Jupiters') have been the subject of extensive efforts to determine their atmospheric properties using thermal emission measurements from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Spitzer Space Telescope. However, previous studies have yielded inconsistent results because the small sizes of the spectral features and the limited information content of the data resulted in high sensitivity to the varying assumptions made in the treatment of instrument systematics and the atmospheric retrieval analysis. Here we present a dayside thermal emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-18b obtained with the NIRISS instrument on the JWST.

Resveratrol Preconditioning Mitigates Ischemia-Induced Septal Cholinergic Cell Loss and Memory Impairments.

Background: Cholinergic cells originating from the nuclei of the basal forebrain (BF) are critical for supporting various memory processes, yet BF cholinergic cell viability has not been explored in the context of focal cerebral ischemia. In the present study, we examined cell survival within several BF nuclei in rodents following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. We tested the hypothesis that a previously established neuroprotective therapy-resveratrol preconditioning-would rescue BF cell loss, deficits in cholinergic-related memory performance, and hippocampal synaptic dysfunction after focal cerebral ischemia.

Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRISS.

The Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b has been the subject of extensive efforts to determine its atmospheric properties using transmission spectroscopy. However, these efforts have been hampered by modelling degeneracies between composition and cloud properties that are caused by limited data quality. Here we present the transmission spectrum of WASP-39b obtained using the Single-Object Slitless Spectroscopy (SOSS) mode of the Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) instrument on the JWST.

Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec G395H.

Measuring the abundances of carbon and oxygen in exoplanet atmospheres is considered a crucial avenue for unlocking the formation and evolution of exoplanetary systems. Access to the chemical inventory of an exoplanet requires high-precision observations, often inferred from individual molecular detections with low-resolution space-based and high-resolution ground-based facilities. Here we report the medium-resolution (R ≈ 600) transmission spectrum of an exoplanet atmosphere between 3 and 5 μm covering several absorption features for the Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b (ref.

Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec PRISM.

Transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets has revealed signatures of water vapour, aerosols and alkali metals in a few dozen exoplanet atmospheres. However, these previous inferences with the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes were hindered by the observations' relatively narrow wavelength range and spectral resolving power, which precluded the unambiguous identification of other chemical species-in particular the primary carbon-bearing molecules. Here we report a broad-wavelength 0.

Brain Cell Senescence: A New Therapeutic Target for the Acute Treatment of Ischemic Stroke.

Aging is a major risk factor for cerebral infarction. Since cellular senescence is intrinsic to aging, we postulated that stroke-induced cellular senescence might contribute to neural dysfunction. Adult male Wistar rats underwent 60-minute middle cerebral artery occlusion and were grouped according to 3 reperfusion times: 24 hours, 3, and 7 days.

Hospital Intervention to Reduce Overweight with Educational Reinforcement after Discharge: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Obesity and overweight affect more than one-third of the world's population and pose a major public health problem.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on dietary habits and physical exercise in patients with overweight admitted to departments of internal medicine, comprising a pre-discharge educational session with follow-up and reinforcement by telephone at 3, 6, and, 12 months post-discharge. Outcome variables were weight, systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), hospital readmissions, emergency department visits, and death.

Differences in Dietary Habits, Physical Exercise, and Quality of Life between Male and Female Patients with Overweight.

Unlabelled: Overweight can be an additional problem in patients admitted to hospital.

Objective: To analyze gender differences in pre-admission dietary habits and physical exercise and in HRQoL at hospital discharge among hospitalized adults with overweight.

Methods: Cross-sectional study in non-diabetic patients enrolled in a clinical trial with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 Kg/m at admission.

Physiological and histological effects of cadmium, lead, and combined on Artemia franciscana.

This study analyzed the effects of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) on growth, sexual couples, and histological structures of Artemia franciscana exposed to individual concentrations of these metals and combined. No histological effects were observed at tissue level in digestive, respiratory, nervous, and reproductive systems (i.e.

Differences in Dietary Habits, Physical Exercise, and Quality of Life between Patients with Obesity and Overweight.

Background: Overweight and obesity differ in their repercussions on the health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients. The objective of this study was to compare physical activity levels and dietary habits before admission and HRQoL at discharge between patients with obesity and overweight.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken among participants in a clinical trial on education for healthy eating and physical activity, enrolling non-diabetic patients admitted to Internal Medicine Departments.

Multi-Probe Measurement System Based on Single-Cut Transformation for Fast Testing of Linear Arrays.

This paper introduces a near-field measurement system concept for the fast testing of linear arrays suited for mass production scenarios where a high number of nominally identical antennas needs to be measured. The proposed system can compute the radiation pattern, directivity and gain on the array plane, as well as the array complex feeding coefficients in a matter of seconds. The concept is based on a multi-probe antenna array arranged in a line which measures the near field of the antenna under test in its array plane.

Masticatory function in children with Down syndrome.

Unlabelled: The objective was to study masticatory function of 8 to 10-year-old children with Down syndrome (DS) through the evaluation of maximum occlusal force and masticatory performance (via medium particle size) and compare it to that of children of the same age without DS.

Methods: A convenience sample of eight, 8-10-year-old children with DS were included in this cross-sectional study. The study had ethical approval and parents provided informed consent.

The selective oestrogen receptor modulator, bazedoxifene, mimics the neuroprotective effect of 17β-oestradiol in diabetic ischaemic stroke by modulating oestrogen receptor expression and the MAPK/ERK1/2 signalling pathway.

Because neuroprotection in stroke should be revisited in the era of recanalisation, the present study analysed the potential neuroprotective effect of the selective oestrogen receptor modulator, bazedoxifene acetate (BZA), in an animal model of diabetic ischaemic stroke that mimics thrombectomy combined with adjuvant administration of a putative neuroprotectant. Four weeks after induction of diabetes (40 mg kg streptozotocin, i.p.

Growth model interpretation of planet size distribution.

The radii and orbital periods of 4,000+ confirmed/candidate exoplanets have been precisely measured by the mission. The radii show a bimodal distribution, with two peaks corresponding to smaller planets (likely rocky) and larger intermediate-size planets, respectively. While only the masses of the planets orbiting the brightest stars can be determined by ground-based spectroscopic observations, these observations allow calculation of their average densities placing constraints on the bulk compositions and internal structures.

Potassium channels contribute to the increased sensitivity of the rabbit carotid artery to hydrogen sulfide in diabetes.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is a potential endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) and adventitium- or adipocyte-derived relaxing factor (ADRF) which vasorelaxant action is mediated by potassium channels. HS could also play an important role in the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiovascular complications. The present study has investigated the influence of alloxan-induced diabetes on the role of potassium channels mediating the relaxant response of the rabbit carotid artery to NaHS, a donor of HS.

Emergent Uric Acid Treatment is Synergistic with Mechanical Recanalization in Improving Stroke Outcomes in Male and Female Rats.

Preclinical and clinical studies support a promising, albeit not definitive, neuroprotective effect of emergent uric acid (UA) administration in ischemic stroke. We assessed the effects of UA in an ischemic stroke model relevant to the current treatment paradigm of mechanical thrombectomy within the STAIR/RIGOR recommendations. A cohort of male and female Wistar rats was subjected to ischemic stroke with mechanical recanalization under physiological monitoring.