Genomic characteristics and molecular epidemiology of MRSA from medical centers in Mexico: Results from the Invifar network.

Introduction: The methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) genome varies by geographical location. This study aims to determine the genomic characteristics of MRSA using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from medical centers in Mexico and to explore the associations between antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors.

Methods: This study included 27 clinical isolates collected from sterile sites at eight centers in Mexico in 2022 and 2023.

-Defensin conventional markers of inflammation in periprosthetic joint infection: a retrospective study.

Background: Diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a significant challenge for healthcare professionals. Commonly utilized inflammatory markers include erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cells (WBC). Human -defensin 1 (-defensin) is an antimicrobial peptide elevated in infection, yet its diagnostic value for PJI has not been explored.

Assessment of airborne bacteria from a public health institution in Mexico City.

In this work, the composition of the bacterial community in the air of a hospital in Mexico City was evaluated using metabarcoding and proteomics approaches, along with the assessment of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and suspended particles. Two types of aerobiological samplers were used: Andersen One-Stage Viable Particle Sampler (AVPS) and Coriolis μ sampler (CμS-Sampler). Sampling was performed in four areas of the hospital: Floor 1 (F1), Floor 2 (F2), and Emergency Unit (EU), as well as outdoors (OH).

Myroides species, pathogenic spectrum and clinical microbiology sight in Mexican isolates.

Introduction: Myroides is a bacterial genus of opportunistic bacteria responsible for diverse infections including in the skin and soft tissues, urinary tract, cardiovascular system, and bacteremia, although the incidence of its reported infections is low, it is increasing, likely due the use of better bacterial identification methods, but also perhaps due an increase in its prevalence. In addition, their pathogenic role is limited in terms of reporting their microbial physiology, so the present work provides information in this regard in addition to the information that is available in the international literature.

Objective: To describe the microbiological and genetic characteristics of seven different Myroides spp.

Gram-Negative Bacilli Blood Stream Infection in Patients with Severe Burns: Microbiological and Clinical Evidence from a 9-Year Cohort.

Bloodstream infection is one of the most important and increasing complications in patients with severe burns. Most of the species affecting this population are Gram-negative bacilli that exhibit antimicrobial resistance. We conducted this study to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and resistance mechanisms of these bacterial infections and their clinical associations on morbidity and mortality.

Inside-out, antimicrobial resistance mediated by efflux pumps in clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from burn wound infections.

Acinetobacter baumannii belongs to the ESKAPE group. It is classified as a critical priority group by the World Health Organization and a global concern on account of its capacity to acquire and develop resistance mechanisms to multiple antibiotics. Data from the United States indicates 500 deaths annually.

In vitro activity of ceftazidime/avibactam, cefiderocol, meropenem/vaborbactam and imipenem/relebactam against clinical strains of the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia complex.

Background: Infections caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and related species are increasing worldwide. Unfortunately, treatment options are limited, whereas the antimicrobial resistance is increasing.

Methods: We included clinical isolates identified as S.

Resistance against two lytic phage variants attenuates virulence and antibiotic resistance in .

Background: Bacteriophage therapy is becoming part of mainstream Western medicine since antibiotics of clinical use tend to fail. It involves applying lytic bacteriophages that self-replicate and induce cell lysis, thus killing their hosts. Nevertheless, bacterial killing promotes the selection of resistant clones which sometimes may exhibit a decrease in bacterial virulence or antibiotic resistance.

Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility profiles of clinical and environmental isolates from Mexico: A multicenter study.

spp. has emerged as an opportunistic etiological agent with clinical manifestations varying from localized infections to deep-seated systemic disease. It is also a phytopathogen of economic impact.

Evaluation of the BD Phoenix Carbapenemase-Producing Organism Panels for the Detection of Carbapenemase Producers in and .

The classification of carbapenemases can help guide therapy. The present study evaluated the performance of the CPO detection test, included in the BD Phoenix NMIC-501 panel for the detection and classification of carbapenemases on the representative molecularly characterized strains collection from Mexico. Carbapenem non-susceptible isolates collected in Mexico were included.

Acquired and Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes in : A Seven-Year Survey Highlighting an Increasing Epidemiological Threat.

(1) Background: is a Gram-negative bacterium with several intrinsic and acquired antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. The spread of carbapenemase-encoding genes, an acquired mechanism, enables carbapenem resistance in clinical settings. Detection of the carbapenemase-producer strains is urgent.

To cheat or not to cheat: cheatable and non-cheatable virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Important bacterial pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa produce several exoproducts such as siderophores, degradative enzymes, biosurfactants, and exopolysaccharides that are used extracellularly, benefiting all members of the population, hence being public goods. Since the production of public goods is a cooperative trait, it is in principle susceptible to cheating by individuals in the population who do not invest in their production, but use their benefits, hence increasing their fitness at the expense of the cooperators' fitness. Among the most studied virulence factors susceptible to cheating are siderophores and exoproteases, with several studies in vitro and some in animal infection models.

Active Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance and Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes According to Sites of Care and Age Groups in Mexico: Results from the INVIFAR Network.

We analyzed the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data of 6519 clinical isolates of ( = 3985), ( = 775), ( = 163), ( = 781), ( = 124), and ( = 691) from 43 centers in Mexico. AMR assays were performed using commercial microdilution systems (37/43) and the disk diffusion susceptibility method (6/43). The presence of carbapenemase-encoding genes was assessed using PCR.

Radiosterilized Pig Skin, Silver Nanoparticles and Skin Cells as an Integral Dressing Treatment for Burns: Development, Pre-Clinical and Clinical Pilot Study.

Radiosterilized pig skin (RPS) has been used as a dressing for burns since the 1980s. Its similarity to human skin in terms of the extracellular matrix (ECM) allows the attachment of mesenchymal stem cells, making it ideal as a scaffold to create cellularized constructs. The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been proven to be an appropriate alternative to the use of antibiotics and a potential solution against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Characterization in a Tertiary Care Center from El Bajio, Mexico.

Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) are a major public health concern. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CR-GNB and the frequency of carbapenemase-encoding genes in a tertiary referral center from El Bajio, Mexico. A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and October 2022; Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) were screened for in vitro resistance to at least one carbapenem.

Bacterial incidence and drug resistance from pathogens recovered from blood, cerebrospinal and pleural fluids in 2019-2020. Results of the Invifar network.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern. Analysis of sterile fluids is essential because microorganisms are defined as significant in most cases. Blood, cerebrospinal, and pleural fluids are frequently received in the microbiology lab because they are associated with considerable rates of morbi-mortality.

Comparison of Lateral Flow Immunochromatography and Phenotypic Assays to PCR for the Detection of Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria, a Multicenter Experience in Mexico.

The identification of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales and is important for treating and controlling hospital infections. The recommended methods for their identification require a long waiting time, technical training, and expertise. Lateral flow immunoassays such as NG-Test CARBA 5 overcome these needs.

Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes and Colistin Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico: Results from the Invifar Network.

In this study, we report the carbapenemase-encoding genes and colistin resistance in , , , and in the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical isolates included carbapenem-resistant , carbapenem-resistant , carbapenem-resistant , and carbapenem-resistant . Carbapenemase-encoding genes were detected by PCR.

Klebsiella pneumoniae K2 producer of pyogenic liver abscess associated with biliary communication.

Introduction: Hypervirulent strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae have gained clinical and epidemiological interest because of their capacity to cause severe and life-threatening infections.

Methodology: We report a case involving infection with a hypervirulent K. pneumoniae K2 strain that caused liver abscess in a young woman with type 1 diabetes in Mexico.

Biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles as potent antibacterial effective against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most worrisome infectious bacteria due to its intrinsic and acquired resistance against several antibiotics and the recalcitrance of its infections; hence, the development of novel antimicrobials effective against multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa is mandatory. In this work, silver nanoparticles obtained by green synthesis using a leaf extract and fungi were tested against a battery of clinical strains from cystic fibrosis, pneumonia and burnt patients, some of them with multidrug resistance.

and Gene Variants Are Associated With Severe Outcomes of COVID-19 in Men.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, affecting more than 219 countries and causing the death of more than 5 million people worldwide. The genetic background represents a factor that predisposes the way the host responds to SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this sense, genetic variants of and could explain the observed interindividual variability to COVID-19 outcomes.