Publications by authors named "Lopez-Gatell H"
Article Synopsis
- People living with HIV (PWLH) are significantly more affected by mpox, with a study in Mexico revealing they make up 59% of cases.
- PWLH are at a much greater risk for severe mpox and death compared to those without HIV, with odds ratios showing a 2.6 times higher risk for severe cases and a staggering 10.8 times higher risk of death.
- Clinical symptoms such as otalgia, proctitis, and urethritis were also more common in PWLH, emphasizing the need for targeted healthcare approaches for this vulnerable group during outbreaks.
Background: Pediatric COVID-19 patients have lower rates of hospitalization and fatal outcomes compared to adults with COVID-19; however, children represent a challenge in the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19. Our aim was to determine the risk factors for hospital admission, invasive mechanical ventilation, and mortality in pediatric COVID-19 patients in Mexico during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Material And Methods: A retrospective cohort of pediatric patients with COVID-19 from February 2020 to April 2021 was reported on the National Epidemiological Surveillance System for Viral Respiratory Disease (SISVER) platform.
Protection of hybrid immunity against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and severe COVID-19 during periods of Omicron variant predominance in Mexico.
Front Public Health
April 2023
Background: With the widespread transmission of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant, reinfections have become increasingly common. Here, we explored the role of immunity, primary infection severity, and variant predominance in the risk of reinfection and severe COVID-19 during Omicron predominance in Mexico.
Methods: We analyzed reinfections in Mexico in individuals with a primary infection separated by at least 90 days from reinfection using a national surveillance registry of SARS-CoV-2 cases from March 3rd, 2020, to August 13th, 2022.
Effectiveness of a nationwide COVID-19 vaccination program in Mexico against symptomatic COVID-19, hospitalizations, and death: a retrospective analysis of national surveillance data.
Int J Infect Dis
April 2023
Objectives: Vaccination has been effective in ameliorating the impact of COVID-19. Here, we report vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the nationally available COVID-19 vaccines in Mexico.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of a COVID-19 surveillance system to assess the VE of the BNT162b2, messenger RNA (mRNA)-12732, Gam-COVID-Vac, Ad5-nCoV, Ad26.
Article Synopsis
- A global outbreak of human monkeypox has emerged, primarily affecting human populations and requiring urgent public health attention due to its transmission from person to person.
- An observational study conducted in Mexico from May to September 2022 analyzed 565 confirmed monkeypox cases, revealing a demographic predominantly composed of men, particularly men who have sex with men, with many living with HIV.
- The outbreak is marked by a high occurrence of rash and fever, with significant lesions in the anogenital area, suggesting that sexual contact is a key route of transmission during this event.
Background: Abdominal obesity has been associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Central fat removal procedures such as liposuction, lipectomy, and abdominoplasty are among the most common surgical procedures. The impact of the latter on the former is controversial and understudied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Despite the high number of vaccines administered against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) worldwide, the information on the psychological/psychiatric adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with these newly developed vaccines remains scarce.
Objective: To describe the frequency of psychological/psychiatric symptoms among recipients of five different anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and to explore the factors associated with their development reported in the nationwide Mexican registry of AEFI against SARS-CoV-2.
Methods: Descriptive study of all the psychological/psychiatric symptoms, including anxiety, panic attacks, insomnia, and agitation reported to the Mexican Epidemiological Surveillance System from 21 December 2020 to 27 April 2021, among adult (≥18 years old) recipients of 7,812,845 doses of BNT162b2, ChAdOx1 nCov-19, rAd26-rAd5, Ad5-nCoV, or CoronaVac.
The COVID-19 pandemic led to the development and emergency approval of an array of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Given the relatively small number of patients included in vaccine trials, postapproval epidemiological surveillance is crucial to detect infrequent vaccine-related adverse events. We conducted a nationwide retrospective descriptive study evaluating the incidence of seizures among recipients of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in Mexico from December 24, 2020 (date of administration of first doses nationwide) to October 29, 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome following SARS-CoV-2 immunization: Analysis of a nationwide registry of recipients of 81 million doses of seven vaccines.
Eur J Neurol
November 2022
Article Synopsis
- * The study found 97 cases of GBS with an overall incidence of 1.19 per million doses, noting higher risks associated with specific vaccines like Ad26.COV2-S and BNT162b2.
- * Despite the low incidence, GBS onset typically occurred about 10 days post-vaccination, with a notable proportion of patients requiring significant medical intervention and experiencing severe disability outcomes.
Background: The death toll after SARS-CoV-2 emergence includes deaths directly or indirectly associated with COVID-19. Mexico reported 325,415 excess deaths, 34.4% of them not directly related to COVID-19 in 2020.
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- A study analyzed stroke incidents as adverse events following the administration of 79,399,446 doses of six different COVID-19 vaccines in Mexico from December 2020 to August 2021.
- The research monitored hospitalized adult patients, focusing on types of strokes occurring within 30 days post-vaccination and identified acute ischemic strokes (AIS) as the most common, with a total incidence of 0.71 cases per million doses.
- Out of 56 stroke cases reported, most occurred shortly after vaccination (median of 2 days), with 48.2% diagnosed within the first 24 hours, highlighting the need for careful monitoring of potential neurological side effects following vaccination.
mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines are effective; however, persistent vaccine hesitancy is partly due to a misperception of their potential adverse events. Non-specific sensory symptoms (NSSS) following immunization are thought to be mediated by stress-related responses. In this case-control study, we evaluated NSSS from a cohort of 7,812,845 BNT162b2 first-dose recipients, of whom 10,929 reported an adverse event following immunization (AEFI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: HIV incidence can be estimated with cross-sectional studies using clinical, serological, and molecular data. Worldwide, HIV incidence data in only men who have sex with men (MSM) are scarce and principally focus on those with healthcare or under treatment. However, better estimates can be obtained through studies with national representativeness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are remarkably effective. Limited information exists about the incidence of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with their use. We conducted a prospective observational study including data from 704,003 first-doses recipients; 6536 AEFI were reported, of whom 65.
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- The study aims to identify persistent hotspots of Aedes-borne diseases, like dengue, chikungunya, and Zika, in southern Mexican cities to improve vector control efforts.
- Data from over 128,000 dengue, 4,752 chikungunya, and 25,755 Zika cases were analyzed, revealing that about 17.6% of urban areas consistently experienced high disease rates, which impacted over 25% of the population.
- Significant overlaps were found between hotspots for different diseases, suggesting targeted intervention strategies could be more effective in these regions, as confirmed by vector control experts.
Objective: This study's aim was to explore the association of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on admission.
Methods: In the present study, a total of 23,593 patient samples were evaluated by a laboratory from the Mexican Institute of Epidemiological Diagnosis and Reference. Of these, 18,443 were negative for COVID-19, 3,844 were positive for COVID-19, and 1,306 were positive for other respiratory viruses.
SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. In this report, we describe the complete genome sequence of the first imported SARS-CoV-2, detected in a Mexican patient who had traveled to Bergamo, Italy. Phylogenetic analysis showed that this isolate belongs to subclade A2a (lineage G) and is closely related to isolates from Finland, Germany and Brazil, all of which were from patients with a history of travel to Italy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Congenital syphilis continues to be a public health problem in Mexico.
Objective: To assess the similarities and differences between national standards, guidelines and international documents related to the detection of syphilis in pregnant women and congenital syphilis.
Method: Two algorithms were developed based on the standard of female care during pregnancy and on the standard for prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections.
Article Synopsis
- The ZIKAlliance Consortium, funded by the European Commission's Horizon 2020, initiated a large-scale study involving pregnant women, children, and natural history cohorts across Latin America and the Caribbean to understand the Zika virus epidemic better.!
- Pregnant women will be recruited from antenatal clinics and monitored throughout their pregnancies to observe birth outcomes and potential congenital anomalies, with follow-up for the children over two years to assess developmental milestones.!
- The study will also gather biological samples for testing Zika and other viruses, and will include various substudies to analyze seroprevalence, health economics, and risk factors, ultimately aiming to improve risk estimates for birth defects linked to Zika. !
Article Synopsis
- Researchers emphasized the importance of using recent infection testing algorithms (RITA) to better calculate HIV incidence in cross-sectional studies, which involve clinical variables and serological tests like ELISA.
- The study tested the correlation between serum samples and dried blood spots (DBS) using two ELISA kits, finding strong correlations and determining that a combination of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and serological assays improved the accuracy of the RITAs.
- The best-performing RITA, which included ART and serological tests, demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, making DBS a valuable tool for epidemiological monitoring of HIV incidence.
Introduction: Congenital syphilis continues to be a public health problem in Mexico.
Objective: To assess the similarities and differences between national standards, guidelines and international documents related to the detection of syphilis in pregnant women and congenital syphilis.
Method: Two algorithms were developed based on the standard of female care during pregnancy and on the standard for prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections.
Background: HIV disproportionally affects key populations including men who have sex with men (MSM). HIV prevalence among MSM varies from 17% in Brazil and Mexico to 13% in Peru, whereas it is below 0.5% for the general population in each country.
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- - The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) among 10-25-year-olds in Mexico using data from the 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey, analyzing 1,581 serum samples.
- - The results showed a low prevalence of natural infection at 0.23%, with no cases of acute or chronic infection, while vaccination-derived immunity was found to be 44.7%, particularly lower in those aged 20-25 compared to 10-19.
- - The findings suggest that vaccination policies implemented since 1999 have contributed to higher immunity levels in adolescents, highlighting the effectiveness of vaccination in reducing HBV prevalence.