Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics and course of acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock diagnosed in emergency departments.

Objective: To describe the characteristics of patients diagnosed with acute heart failure (AHF) in emergency departments (EDs) who develop cardiogenic shock (CS) not associated with ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (STACS).

Methods: Information for patients diagnosed with AHF in 23 Spanish EDs and registered between 2009 and 2019 were included for analysis if the patients developed symptoms consistent with CS. We described baseline clinical characteristics related to cardiac decompensation and CS, as well as 30-day mortality.

Use of intravenous calcium in emergencies to treat patients with hyperkalemia and digoxin poisoning and its impact on short-term outcome.

Objetives: Patients with digitalis intoxication (DI) and hyperkalaemia are frequently encountered in the emergency department (ED). This alteration may require intravenous (iv) calcium, but its administration has been considered to increase cardiotoxicity and mortality in patients with DI. We studied the effect of iv calcium on mortality and 30-day readmission in patients with hyperkalaemia and DI.

Impact of chronic renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors on short-term outcomes in patients with acute heart failure presenting to the emergency department. A propensity-matched analysis EAHFE cohort.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of chronic treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) on short-term clinical outcomes after an episode of AHF.

Methods: A secondary analysis of patients included in the EAHFE (Epidemiology of Acute Heart Failure in Emergency Departments) cohort, which includes patients diagnosed with AHF in 45 Spanish Emergency Departments (EDs). The primary outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality.

Effect of seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccination on severity and long-term outcomes of patients with heart failure decompensations.

Aims: To investigate whether seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccinations influence the severity of decompensations and long-term outcomes of patients with acute heart failure (AHF).

Methods And Results: We included consecutive AHF patients attended at 40 Spanish emergency departments during November and December 2022. They were grouped according to whether they had received seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccination.

Clinical course in older patients diagnosed with syncope treated in Spanish emergency departments: results from the Emergency Department and Elder Needs-17 study.

Objective: To study factors associated with hospitalization in an unselected population of patients aged 65 years or older treated for syncope in Spanish hospital emergency departments (EDs). To determine the prevalence of adverse events at 30 days in patients discharged home and the factors associated with such events.

Methods: We included all patients aged 65 years or older who were diagnosed with syncope during a single week in 52 Spanish EDs, recording patient clinical and ED case management data.

Cardiac resynchronization therapy in acute heart failure and left bundle-branch block in a real-life registry.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence, characteristics, timing of implementation and prognosis of patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) and acute heart failure (AHF) treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in a real-life registry.

Methods: We analysed the characteristics of patients with AHF and LBBB at the time of inclusion in the EAHFE (Epidemiology Acute Heart Failure Emergency) cohort to determine the indication for CRT, the timing of implementation and its impact on 10-year all-cause mortality.

Results: 729 patients with a median age of 82 years and there was a high burden of comorbidities and functional dependence.

Use of diagnostic tests in elderly patients consulting the emergency department. Analysis of the emergency department and elder needs cohort (EDEN-8).

Objective: Analyse the association between the use of diagnostic tests and the characteristics of older patients 65 years of age or more who consult the emergency department (ED).

Methods: We performed an analysis of the EDEN cohort that includes patients who consulted 52 Spanish EDs. The association of age, sex, and ageing characteristics with the use of diagnostic tests (blood tests, electrocardiogram (ECG), microbiological cultures, X-ray, computed tomography, ultrasound, invasive techniques) was studied.

Effect of early initiation of noninvasive ventilation in patients transported by emergency medical service for acute heart failure.

Background: While the indication for noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in severely hypoxemic patients with acute heart failure (AHF) is often indicated and may improve clinical course, the benefit of early initiation before patient arrival to the emergency department (ED) remains unknown.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of early initiation of NIV during emergency medical service (EMS) transportation on outcomes in patients with AHF.

Design: A secondary retrospective analysis of the EAHFE (Epidemiology of AHF in EDs) registry.

Timing of previous heart failure hospitalization as a prognostic factor for emergency department heart failure patients.

To investigate whether the timing of a previous hospital admission for acute heart failure (AHF) is a prognostic factor for AHF patients revisiting the emergency department (ED) in the subsequent 12-month follow-up. All ED AHF patients enrolled in the previously described EAHFE registry were stratified by the presence or absence of an AHF hospitalization admission in the prior 12 months. The primary outcome was 12-month all-cause mortality post ED visit.

Impact of the MEESSI-AHF tool to guide disposition decision-making in patients with acute heart failure in the emergency department: a before-and-after study.

Objectives: To determine the impact of risk stratification using the MEESSI-AHF (Multiple Estimation of risk based on the Emergency department Spanish Score In patients with acute heart failure) scale to guide disposition decision-making on the outcomes of ED patients with acute heart failure (AHF), and assess the adherence of emergency physicians to risk stratification recommendations.

Methods: This was a prospective quasi-experimental study (before/after design) conducted in eight Spanish EDs which consecutively enrolled adult patients with AHF. In the pre-implementation stage, the admit/discharge decision was performed entirely based on emergency physician judgement.

Decisions to admit vs. discharge patients with acute heart failure from the emergency department: consistency with a measure of severity of decompensation and the impact on prognosis.

Objectives: To analyze the consistency between decisions to discharge or admit patients with acute heart failure (AHF) treated in emergency departments (EDs) and the level of risk of adverse events, and to analyze the impact of decisions to discharge patients.

Material And Methods: Prospective study of baseline clinical data collected from patients diagnosed with AHF in 16 Spanish emergency departments. Patients were stratified by severity of decompensated AHF based on MEESSI assessment (Multiple Estimation of Risk Based on the Spanish Emergency Department Score).

QT interval and short-term outcome in acute heart failure.

Objective: To investigate the association of corrected QT (QTc) interval duration and short-term outcomes in patients with acute heart failure (AHF).

Methods: We analyzed AHF patients enrolled in 11 Spanish emergency departments (ED) for whom an ECG with QTc measurement was available. Patients with pace-maker rhythm were excluded.

Emergency department direct discharge compared to short-stay unit admission for selected patients with acute heart failure: analysis of short-term outcomes.

Short stay unit (SSU) is an alternative to conventional hospitalization in patients with acute heart failure (AHF), but the prognosis is not known compared to direct discharge from the emergency department (ED). To determine whether direct discharge from the ED of patients diagnosed with AHF is associated with early adverse outcomes versus hospitalization in SSU. Endpoints, defined as 30-day all-cause mortality or post-discharge adverse events, were evaluated in patients diagnosed with AHF in 17 Spanish EDs with an SSU, and compared by ED discharge vs.

Hospital development of heart failure follow-up units and short-term prognosis after acute decompensation in Spain.

Objective: To investigate whether the existence of heart failure units (HFU) and link nurse units (LNU) in the hospital improve short-term outcomes of acute heart failure (AHF) episodes.

Methods: Patients with AHF diagnosed in 45 Spanish emergency departments were analysed according to whether the hospital had a complete development of follow-up units (HFU + LNU), partial (HFU or LNU) or none. The outcomes were: 30-day mortality, hospitalization, in-hospital mortality, >7 days admission, and adverse event (death, rehospitalisation, or reconsultation to the emergency department) at 30 days post-discharge.

Sociodemographic characteristics, functional status, and health resource use of older patients treated in Spanish emergency departments: a description of the EDEN cohort.

Objectives: To describe the sociodemographic characteristics of and the health care resources used to treat patients aged 65 years or older who come to hospital emergency departments (EDs) in Spain, according to age groups.

Material And Methods: We studied the phase-1 data for the EDEN cohort (Emergency Department and Elder Needs). Forty Spanish EDs collected data on all patients aged 65 years or older who were treated on the first 7 days in April 2019.

Emergency department observation of patients with acute heart failure prior to hospital admission: impact on short-term prognosis.

Objectives: To analyze whether short-term outcomes are affected when patients diagnosed with acute heart failure (AHF) spend time in an emergency department observation unit (EDOU) before hospital admission.

Material And Methods: Baseline and emergency episode data were collected for patients diagnosed with AHF in the EDs of 15 Spanish hospitals. We analyzed crude and adjusted associations between EDOU stay and 30-day mortality (primary outcome) and in-hospital mortality and a prolonged hospital stay of more than 7 days (secondary outcomes).

Evaluation of the HEFESTOS scale to predict outcomes in emergency department acute heart failure patients.

The HEFESTOS scale was developed in 14 Spanish primary care centres and validated in 9 primary care centres of other European countries. It showed good performance to predict death/hospitalisation during the first 30 days after an episode of acute heart failure (AHF), with c-statistics of 0.807/0.

Bilateral subtrochanteric femoral fracture due to a very rare disease: Pycnodisostosis.

Pycnodysostosis is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by a mutation in the cathepsin K enzyme gene, a protease that is expressed primarily in osteoclasts and is responsible for bone matrix degradation. The presentation is usually accompanied by short stature, osteoesclerosis, craniofacial dysmorphia and bone fragility. Some papers provide surgical options for fractures of long bones in this type of patients, but none are presenten in European Caucasian patients.

Pulmonary embolism in patients with COVID-19: incidence, risk factors, clinical characteristics, and outcome.

Aims: We investigated the incidence, risk factors, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with COVID-19 attending emergency departments (EDs), before hospitalization.

Methods And Results: We retrospectively reviewed all COVID-19 patients diagnosed with PE in 62 Spanish EDs (20% of Spanish EDs, case group) during the first COVID-19 outbreak. COVID-19 patients without PE and non-COVID-19 patients with PE were included as control groups.

Frequency, profile, and outcomes of patients with acute heart failure transferred directly to home hospitalization from emergency departments.

Objective: To describe the frequency, clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute heart failure (AHF) transferred directly from emergency departments to home hospitalisation (HH) and to compare them with those hospitalised in internal medicine (IM) or short-stay units (SSU).

Method: We included patients with AHF transferred to HH by hospitals that considered this option during the Epidemiology of Acute Heart Failure in Spanish Emergency Departments (EAHFE) 4-5-6 Registries and compared them with patients admitted to IM or SSU in these centres. We compared the adjusted all-cause mortality at 1 year and adverse events 30 days after discharge.

Thirty-day outcomes in frail older patients discharged home from the emergency department with acute heart failure: effects of high-risk criteria identified by the DEED FRAIL-AHF trial.

Objectives: To study the effect of high-risk criteria on 30-day outcomes in frail older patients with acute heart failure (AHF) discharged from an emergency department (ED) or an ED's observation and short-stay areas.

Material And Methods: Secondary analysis of discharge records in the Older AHF Key Data registry. We selected frail patients (aged > 70 years) discharged with AHF from EDs.

Impact of hospital and emergency department structural and organizational characteristics on outcomes of acute heart failure.

Introduction And Objectives: To determine whether structural/organizational characteristics of hospitals and emergency departments (EDs) affect acute heart failure (AHF) outcomes.

Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the EAHFE Registry. Six hospital/ED characteristics were collected and were related to 7 postindex events and postdischarge outcomes, adjusted by the period of patient inclusion, baseline patient characteristics, AHF episode features, and hospital and ED characteristics.

MEESSI-AHF risk score performance to predict multiple post-index event and post-discharge short-term outcomes.

Background: The multiple estimation of risk based on the emergency department Spanish score in patients with acute heart failure (MEESSI-AHF) is a risk score designed to predict 30-day mortality in acute heart failure patients admitted to the emergency department. Using a derivation cohort, we evaluated the performance of the MEESSI-AHF risk score to predict 11 different short-term outcomes.

Methods: Patients with acute heart failure from 41 Spanish emergency departments (n=7755) were recruited consecutively in two time periods (2014 and 2016).