Immune complexes-mediated activation of neutrophils in systemic lupus erythematosus is dependent on RNA recognition by toll-like receptor 8.

Introduction: Neutrophil activation is important in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We previously demonstrated that ribonucleoprotein (RNP) immune complexes (ICs) promoted neutrophil activation in a TLR7/8-dependent manner. However, it remains unclear if this mechanism occurs in patients.

Bioinformatic Tools for Studying the Cellular Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2, Vaccine Efficacy, and Future Pandemics at the Global Population Level.

Antigen recognition by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) restriction is critical for an adequate antiviral response in both natural infection and vaccination. However, the overwhelming polymorphism of HLA, with nearly 40,000 alleles identified, is an important limitation for the global analysis of cellular immune responses and vaccine efficacy. In this narrative review, we included several immunoinformatics studies performed in our laboratory to circumvent this limitation.

Comparative Algorithms for Identifying and Counting Hospitalisation Episodes of Care for Coronary Heart Disease Using Administrative Data.

Purpose: Measures of disease burden using hospital administrative data are susceptible to over-inflation if the patient is transferred during their episode of care. We aimed to identify and compare measures of coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction (MI) episodes using six algorithms that account for transfers.

Patient And Methods: We used person-linked hospitalisations for CHD and MI for 2000-2016 in Western Australia based on the interval between discharge and subsequent admission (date, datetime algorithms), pathway (admission source, discharge destination) and any combination to generate machine learning models (random forest [RF], gradient boosting machine [GBM]).

Proportional myoelectric control of a virtual bionic arm in participants with hemiparesis, muscle spasticity, and impaired range of motion.

Background: This research aims to improve the control of assistive devices for individuals with hemiparesis after stroke by providing intuitive and proportional motor control. Stroke is the leading cause of disability in the United States, with 80% of stroke-related disability coming in the form of hemiparesis, presented as weakness or paresis on half of the body. Current assistive exoskeletonscontrolled via electromyography do not allow for fine force regulation.

Quality of life improvement in 3 dogs with sleep-disordered breathing managed by permanent (crico)tracheostomy.

Objective: To retrospectively describe the management of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) via permanent (crico)tracheostomy (PT).

Methods: The sample was 3 client-owned dogs. Each of the dogs had variable clinical signs related to their SDB with all having severely affected quality of sleep and experiencing multiple apneic episodes a night in the study period from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2023.

Total Syntheses of Scabrolide B, Ineleganolide, and Related Norcembranoids.

Concise total syntheses of several 5/7/6 norcembranoids, including ineleganolide, scabrolide B, sinuscalide C, and fragilolide A have been achieved through a fragment coupling/ring closure approach. The central seven-membered ring was forged through sequential Mukaiyama-Michael/aldol reactions using norcarvone and a decorated bicyclic lactone incorporating a latent electrophile. Subsequent manipulations installed the reactive enedione motif and delivered scabrolide B in 11 steps from a chiral pool-derived enone.

Long-term monitoring of woody plants of Doñana shrublands (SW Spain) from 2008 to 2023.

Background: The long-term monitoring of the plant cover of Doñana shrublands is part of a harmonised protocol for the Long-term Ecological Monitoring Programme of Natural Resources and Processes targeting Terrestrial Vegetation. The general aim of this protocol is to monitor and assess the dynamics and trends of shrubland plant communities in Doñana. For shrublands, percentage cover is recorded annually, starting in 2008, by the Doñana Long-Term Monitoring Team in one field sampling campaign per year during the flowering season (between March and May) across 21 permanent square plots (15 m x 15 m).

Advances and Challenges in Gene Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review.

This review explores recent advancements in gene therapy as a potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on intervention mechanisms, administration routes, and associated limitations. Following the PRISMA procedure guidelines, we systematically analyzed studies published since 2020 using the PICO framework to derive reliable conclusions. The efficacy of various gene therapies was evaluated for Parkinson's disease (n = 12), spinal muscular atrophy (n = 8), Huntington's disease (n = 3), Alzheimer's disease (n = 3), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (n = 6).

The longitudinal association between reward processing and symptoms of video game addiction in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.

Background And Aims: Video games are a common form of entertainment in adolescents, which may result in gaming habits characterized by impairment to reward-related decision-making. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between reward processing and symptoms of gaming addiction in adolescents.

Methods: Data from three consecutive follow-up years (years 2, 3 and 4) of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study were analyzed (n = 6,143, total observations = 12,745, mean age at year-2 = 12 years).

Leveraging a Vision Transformer Model to Improve Diagnostic Accuracy of Cardiac Amyloidosis With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance.

Background: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is an important diagnostic tool for diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis (CA). However, discrimination of CA from other etiologies of myocardial disease can be challenging.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and rigorously validate a deep learning (DL) algorithm to aid in the discrimination of CA using cine and late gadolinium enhancement CMR imaging.

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Bailout for Severe Aortic Insufficiency due to Aortic Root Dissection Following Ascending Aortic Aneurysm Repair.

This novel case documents the successful use of transcatheter aortic valve implantation to treat severe aortic insufficiency arising from aortic root dissection following the repair of an ascending aortic aneurysm in a 75-year-old female patient. After she presented with symptoms of congestive heart failure, investigation revealed new severe aortic insufficiency and an acute aortic dissection. Given the prohibitive risks of reoperation, a self-expanding 27-mm Portico (St Jude Medical) prosthetic aortic valve was deployed, resulting in substantial clinical improvement without procedural complications.

Effectiveness of Direct Antiviral Agents in People with HCV-Monoinfection Compared to HCV/HIV Coinfection in a Real Life Setting.

Direct-acting antivirals (DAA) are effective in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but there is little information about real-world effectiveness in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLH). The aim of this study was to determinate the effectiveness of DAA to achieve sustained virologic response at week 12 post-treatment (SVR12) in PLH with HCV coinfection and in people with HCV-monoinfection. We conducted a prospective cohort.

Evaluating Surgical Approaches for Hemimandibular Hyperplasia Associated with Osteochondroma: A Systematic Literature Review.

: Hemimandibular hyperplasia (HH) associated with osteochondroma presents complex challenges in maxillofacial surgery, including facial asymmetry, occlusal instability, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. Surgical interventions vary widely in approach and outcomes, underscoring the need for a systematic evaluation of effectiveness. This systematic review assesses the effectiveness of surgical approaches for managing HH associated with osteochondroma, focusing on techniques including condylectomy, orthognathic surgery, distraction osteogenesis, total joint replacement (TJR), and genioplasty.

Associations between mesolimbic connectivity, and alcohol use from adolescence to adulthood.

Dopaminergic projections from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to limbic regions play a key role in the initiation and maintenance of substance use; however, the relationship between mesolimbic resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and alcohol use during development remains unclear. We examined the associations between alcohol use and VTA RSFC to subcortical structures in 796 participants (12-21 years old at baseline, 51 % female) across 9 waves of longitudinal data from the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence. Linear mixed effects models included interactions between age, sex, and alcohol use, and best fitting models were selected using log-likelihood ratio tests.

Demineralization of a Carbon Material Derived from Palm Kernel Shells as a Process for the Enhancement of the Electrochemical Performance of Lithium-Sulfur Cells.

Carbon materials derived from biomass have been widely used in Li-S batteries; however, the mineral matter present in the biomass could impact the properties of the carbons and affect the electrochemical performance. In this study, the removal of mineral matter from palm kernel shells is reported to identify the effect of minerals on the physicochemical properties of the derived activated carbon and correlate them to the electrochemical performance in Li-S batteries. The content of minerals such as silicon, iron, and potassium was decreased by acid washing.

NASA open science data repository: open science for life in space.

Space biology and health data are critical for the success of deep space missions and sustainable human presence off-world. At the core of effectively managing biomedical risks is the commitment to open science principles, which ensure that data are findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable, reproducible and maximally open. The 2021 integration of the Ames Life Sciences Data Archive with GeneLab to establish the NASA Open Science Data Repository significantly enhanced access to a wide range of life sciences, biomedical-clinical and mission telemetry data alongside existing 'omics data from GeneLab.

Effects of Hypogonadism and Testosterone Therapy on Diabetic Foot Complications.

Background: Results of recent studies suggest that high levels of endogenous testosterone decrease the risk of diabetes. Testosterone therapy may delay the transition from prediabetes to diabetes and accelerate healing of diabetic foot ulcers in hypogonadal men. We investigated whether testosterone therapy in this population decreases the occurrence of diabetic foot complications within 1 and 5 years of diabetes diagnosis.

Bio-Based and Biodegradable Polymeric Materials for a Circular Economy.

Nowadays, plastic contamination worldwide is a concerning reality that can be addressed with appropriate society education as well as looking for innovative polymeric alternatives based on the reuse of waste and recycling with a circular economy point of view, thus taking into consideration that a future world without plastic is quite impossible to conceive. In this regard, in this review, we focus on sustainable polymeric materials, biodegradable and bio-based polymers, additives, and micro/nanoparticles to be used to obtain new environmentally friendly polymeric-based materials. Although biodegradable polymers possess poorer overall properties than traditional ones, they have gained a huge interest in many industrial sectors due to their inherent biodegradability in natural environments.

Status of the Respiratory Therapy Profession in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction And Purpose: The respiratory therapy (RT) profession in Ghana is a new and emerging field. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess and evaluate the RT profession as a needs assessment to help policymakers and key stakeholders shape the profession in Ghana.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study approved by the Institutional Review Board at Loma Linda University.

Photoreceptor-Like Signal Transduction Between Polymer-Based Protocells.

Deciphering inter- and intracellular signaling pathways is pivotal for understanding the intricate communication networks that orchestrate life's dynamics. Communication models involving bottom-up construction of protocells are emerging but often lack specialized compartments sufficiently robust and hierarchically organized to perform spatiotemporally defined signaling. Here, the modular construction of communicating polymer-based protocells designed to mimic the transduction of information in retinal photoreceptors is presented.

Responsible use of population neuroscience data: Towards standards of accountability and integrity.

This editorial focuses on the issue of data misuse which is increasingly evidenced in social media as well as some premiere scientific journals. This issue is of critical importance to open science projects in general, and ABCD in particular, given the broad array of biological, behavioral and environmental information collected on this American sample of 12.000 youth and parents.