Genetic analysis of L 1758 (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Pinnidae) in the Northwest Cabo Verde Islands (Central-East Atlantic).

The rough pen shell Linnaeus, 1758 (family Pinnidae) is a mollusc with an Atlantic-Mediterranean distribution, typically inhabiting coarse sandy substrates. Habitat degradation is considered the primary cause of population decline, leading to the designation 'Vulnerable' in certain regions. In this study, we conducted a genetic analysis of populations of from Cabo Verde and compared them with populations from the Mediterranean and Macaronesia.

Horizontal distribution of marine microbial communities in the North Pacific Subtropical Front.

Microbial communities are crucial for important ecosystem functions in the open ocean, such as primary production and nutrient cycling. However, few studies have addressed the distribution of microplankton communities in the remote oligotrophic region of the Pacific Ocean. Moreover, the biogeochemical and physical drivers of microbial community structure are not fully understood in these areas.

Olanzapine-Induced Black Hairy Tongue During Treatment of Hebephrenic Schizophrenia Decompensation: A Rare Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature.

Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign, self-limiting, and usually asymptomatic condition, characterized by abnormally hypertrophied and elongated filiform papillae on the surface of the tongue. In this article, we present the case of a woman diagnosed with hebephrenic schizophrenia who developed BHT after using olanzapine to treat an acute episode of the disease. The temporal coincidence between the development of BHT and the increase in olanzapine dosage to 20 mg daily suggests a likely dose-dependent relationship, making this psychotropic drug the most probable cause of this condition.

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Among Schistosomiasis mansoni Patients Residing in Endemic Zone in Brazil.

The occurrence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in patients with Schistosomiasis mansoni (SM) is still poorly understood in Brazil. The objective of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in patients with SM and its association with the periportal fibrosis (PPF), assessed by serum markers and ultrasound criteria. This cross-sectional study was carried out in an endemic area in Pernambuco, Brazil, with schistosomal patients who underwent coproscopic survey.

Use of the microalgae Tisochrysis lutea in a "green water" system increases the absorption area in the intestine of larvae of the seahorse Hippocampus reidi Ginsburg, 1933.

The study aimed to investigate the influence of different microalgae used in green water culture on the intestinal morphology of the seahorse Hippocampus reidi during the first 15 days of life. Four treatments were tested in triplicate, consisting of two microalgae (Tisochrysis lutea-ISO and Chaetoceros muelleri-CHO), used either individually (TISO and TCHO) or combined (TIC 1:1) in larval rearing water, and a treatment without microalgae (TWM). Larvae (6.

Sexually dimorphic metabolic effects of a high fat diet on knee osteoarthritis in mice.

Background: Women have a higher risk of developing osteoarthritis (OA) than men, including with obesity. To better understand this disparity, we investigated sex differences in metabolic and inflammatory factors associated with OA using a diet-induced mouse model of obesity. We hypothesized that 20 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) would induce sexually dimorphic changes in both systemic and local risk factors of knee OA.

Mechanical behavior and failure mode of body-centered cubic, gyroid, diamond, and Voronoi functionally graded additively manufactured biomedical lattice structures.

Given the capability to produce parts with complex geometries, powder bed fusion using a laser beam (PBF-LB), one of several additive manufacturing techniques, is becoming increasingly prevalent in both research and industry. Advances in the development of biomedical lattice structures show a trend in the use of functional gradients for greater customization and adjustment of mechanical properties according to the demands. This study analyzed four biomedical potential lattice structures (regular and graded) manufactured using PBF-LB in Ti6Al4V alloy.

Vaccine coverage by social strata in state capitals in the Brazilian Midwest region: a household survey of children born in 2017 and 2018.

Objective: To analyze full vaccination coverage in live births in 2017 and 2018 in the capitals of the Midwest region of Brazil, according to social strata.

Methods: Population-based household survey with cluster sampling. Full coverage in children at 12 and 24 months of age and sociodemographic factors were analyzed.

Cross-environmental cycling of antimicrobial resistance in agricultural areas fertilized with poultry litter: A one health approach.

Poultry litter, commonly used as an organic fertilizer, can contain antimicrobial residues, resistant bacteria, and/or antimicrobial resistance genes. After application to soil, these contaminants can reach crops and be transported to aquatic systems through leaching and runoff. Once in water bodies, they can return to soil and crops through irrigation, establishing a cycle that promotes the selection, spread and persistence of antimicrobial resistance.

Silver nanoparticles exhibit in vitro anthelmintic and antimicrobial activities against Dactylogyrus minutus (Kulwieć, 1927), and Aeromonas hydrophila in Cyprinus carpio Koi.

The study aimed to evaluate the in vitro anthelminthic and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against Dactylogyrus minutus and Aeromonas hydrophila, pathogens of Cyprinus carpio Koi. Gill arches of the fish were removed and placed into six-well plates containing 10 mL of tank water with varying concentrations of AgNPs: 100, 400, 500, 600, and 800 mg/L, along with control groups using tank water and distilled water. Each group was tested in triplicate.

Comprehensive diagnosis of advanced-stage breast cancer: exploring detection methods, molecular subtypes, and demographic influences - A cross-sectional study.

Background: Brazil faces notable Breast Cancer (BC) mortality despite lower incidence rates versus developed countries. Despite guidelines from medical societies, Brazilian public policy recommends biennial mammographic screening for women aged 50 to 69. This study investigates sociodemographic and clinical factors related to BC detection methods and clinical stage at diagnosis.

Repeated subcutaneous esketamine on treatment-resistant depression: An open-label dose titration study.

Background: Ketamine has gained prominence as one of the most effective therapeutic options in unipolar treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, most studies related to the antidepressant action of ketamine used intravenous (IV) or intranasal (IN) administration. The subcutaneous (SC) route of administration is a promising alternative, as it results in plasma levels comparable to IV, causes fewer side effects, and is easier and cheaper to administer than both IV and/or IN routes.

The adipose tissue melanocortin 3 receptor is targeted by ghrelin and leptin and may be a therapeutic target in obesity.

Objective: Obesity is linked to perturbations in energy balance mechanisms, including ghrelin and leptin actions at the hypothalamic circuitry of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and melanocortin. However, information about the regulation of this system in the periphery is still scarce. Our objective was to study the regulation of the NPY/melanocortin system in the adipose tissue (AT) and evaluate its therapeutic potential for obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Stereoselective Electrochemical Synthesis of E-Tetrasubstituted Haloalkenyl Chalcogenides.

Herein, we describe an electrochemical method for the synthesis of haloalkenyl chalcogenides from internal alkynes using hydrobromic and hydrochloric acids as halogenating agents, with the sole byproduct being hydrogen gas. This e-halochalcogenation protocol generates electrophilic chalcogenium species under mild conditions in a simple, undivided cell setup, enabling the synthesis of 25 examples of chloro- and bromovinyl selenides and sulfides with yields ranging from 10 % to 94 %, predominantly as the E-isomer. The synthetic utility of the halovinyl chalcogenides was demonstrated through various transformations, yielding densely functionalized tetra-substituted olefins.

The ApoA1-mimetic peptide 4F blocks flavivirus NS1-triggered endothelial dysfunction and protects against lethal dengue virus challenge.

Flavivirus infections result in a variety of outcomes, from clinically inapparent infections to severe, sometimes fatal cases characterized by hemorrhagic manifestations and vascular leakage leading to shock (dengue), meningomyeloencephalitis (West Nile), and congenital abnormalities (Zika). Although there are approved vaccines against several flaviviruses, potentially enhancing cross-reactive immune responses have complicated the development and implementation of vaccines against dengue and Zika viruses, and no specific therapeutics currently exist. The flavivirus nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) is a promising antiviral target because it is a conserved multifunctional virulence factor that directly triggers vascular leak.

Gold Meets Selenium: Dual Activation of Selenium-Containing Propargyl Alcohols Towards the Synthesis of 2H-Chromenes and Mechanistic Insights.

Herein, we report the synthesis of seleno-substituted chromenes from selenoalkynes and phenols. In this cascade reaction, the applied gold catalyst not only functions as a π-acid, but also as a Lewis acid, enabling the propargylic substitution in the first step to connect the oxygen carbon bond. Under the optimal reaction condition a total of 26 chromenes were accessible by this modular access.