Evasion of the Antiviral Innate Immunity by PRV.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) establishes persistent latent infections by effectively evading the host's antiviral innate immune response. PRV has developed sophisticated strategies to bypass immune surveillance through coevolution with its host. Currently, no effective vaccine exists to prevent or treat infections caused by emerging PRV variants, and the interactions between PRV and the host's innate immune defenses remain incompletely understood.

Effect of seed priming with zinc, iron and selenium on the low temperature tolerance of Nicotiana tabacum L. during seed germination.

Tobacco is one of the important cash crops in China. It is sensitive to low temperature, especially in the early stage of tobacco seed germination and seedling growth. Low temperature stress directly affects the germination of tobacco seeds, leading to irregular emergence and slow growth of seedlings.

Centering the female athlete voice in a sports science research agenda: a modified Delphi survey with Team USA athletes.

Objectives: To co-construct a sports medicine and exercise science research and translational agenda with Team USA elite female athletes serving as the experts on their health, performance and well-being.

Methods: 40 Team USA female athletes across sports disciplines participated in an online, anonymous, modified Delphi survey by ranking topics on a Likert scale (1='strongly disagree' and 5='strongly agree') and providing qualitative justification regarding whether they believed having more information and research on each topic would support their athletic performance, health and well-being. After each Delphi round, quantitative rankings of topics and qualitative justifications were analysed, informing revisions to the list of topics for review in the subsequent round.

Radiomics Nomogram Derived from Gated Myocardial Perfusion SPECT for Identifying Ischemic Cardiomyopathy.

Personalized management involving heart failure (HF) etiology is crucial for better prognoses. We aim to evaluate the utility of a radiomics nomogram based on gated myocardial perfusion imaging (GMPI) in distinguishing ischemic from non-ischemic origins of HF. A total of 172 heart failure patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) who underwent GMPI scan were divided into training (n = 122) and validation sets (n = 50) based on chronological order of scans.

Ribosomal frameshifting at normal codon repeats recodes functional chimeric proteins in human.

Ribosomal frameshifting refers to the process that ribosomes slip into +1 or -1 reading frame, thus produce chimeric trans-frame proteins. In viruses and bacteria, programmed ribosomal frameshifting can produce essential trans-frame proteins for viral replication or regulation of other biological processes. In humans, however, functional trans-frame protein derived from ribosomal frameshifting is scarcely documented.

Community and motivation among tennis officials: a cross-cultural multilevel analysis.

Sport officials are pivotal to the development of the game at every level. Yet, the exploration of these officials' job satisfaction and turnover intentions, especially within tennis, remains largely neglected. This study undertakes a cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Referee Retention Scale (RRS) in a Chinese context (RRS-CN) and uses multilevel models (MLM) to explore the influence of perceived administrator consideration, mentoring, continuing education opportunities, remuneration, stress, and ecological factors on tennis officials' sense of community and officiating motivation.

Deep learning-based diagnosis of disease activity in patients with Graves' orbitopathy using orbital SPECT/CT.

Purpose: Orbital [Tc]TcDTPA orbital single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT is an important method for assessing inflammatory activity in patients with Graves' orbitopathy (GO). However, interpreting the results requires substantial physician workload. We aim to propose an automated method called GO-Net to detect inflammatory activity in patients with GO.

Physical Activity Interventions for Improving Cognitive Functions in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Protocol for a Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects millions of children worldwide, with a current prevalence of approximately 1 in 54 children in the United States. Although the precise mechanisms underlying ASD remain unclear, research has shown that early intervention can have a significant impact on cognitive development and outcomes in children with ASD. Physical activity interventions have emerged as a promising intervention for children with ASD, but the efficacy of different types of interventions remains unclear.

A new method incorporating deep learning with shape priors for left ventricular segmentation in myocardial perfusion SPECT images.

Accurate segmentation of the left ventricle (LV) is crucial for evaluating myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) and assessing LV functions. In this study, a novel method combining deep learning with shape priors was developed and validated to extract the LV myocardium and automatically measure LV functional parameters. The method integrates a three-dimensional (3D) V-Net with a shape deformation module that incorporates shape priors generated by a dynamic programming (DP) algorithm to guide its output during training.

Interferon-Stimulated Gene 15 Knockout in Mice Impairs IFNα-Mediated Antiviral Activity.

Type I interferon (IFN) plays an important role in the host defense against viral infection by inducing expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). In a previous study, we found that porcine interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) exhibited antiviral activity against PRV in vitro. To further investigate the antiviral function of ISG15 in vivo, we utilized ISG15 knockout (ISG15) mice in this study.

Texture analysis of SPECT myocardial perfusion provides prognostic value for dilated cardiomyopathy.

Background: Texture analysis (TA) has demonstrated clinical values in extracting information, quantifying inhomogeneity, evaluating treatment outcomes, and predicting long-term prognosis for cardiac diseases. The aim of this study was to explore whether TA of SPECT myocardial perfusion could contribute to improving the prognosis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients.

Methods: Eighty-eight patients were recruited in our study between 2009 and 2020 who were diagnosed with DCM and underwent single-photon emission tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT MPI).

Examining Adolescent Tennis Participation in Contemporary China Using an Ecological Framework.

Physical activity and sport participation behaviors in children and adolescents are consistently shaped by surrounding ecological systems. Accumulating evidence highlights individual, family, peer, school and teacher, and macroenvironment elements such as policies that affect unstructured physical activity choices in youth populations. However, the reason for participation has not been fully interpreted from the perspective of the youth themselves, especially those from an Asian cultural background.

Impact of sport training on adaptations in neural functioning and behavioral performance: A scoping review with meta-analysis on EEG research.

Background/objective: Investigating the neural mechanisms underlying sport performance has been a research focus in the field of sport science. The current review aims to identify distinct characteristics between athletes and non-athletes at behavioral and neural levels. Further analysis was conducted as to potential reasons that contributed to the differences.

Corrigendum: Neural Efficiency in Athletes: A Systematic Review.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.

Correlations between Physical Activity Participation and the Environment in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Using Ecological Frameworks.

Physical activity (PA) and sports are efficient ways to promote the young generation's physical and mental health and development. This study expected to demonstrate the complexity of correlates associated with children's and adolescents' non-organized PA participation. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA), a systematic review and meta-analysis were applied.

Neural Efficiency in Athletes: A Systematic Review.

According to the neural efficiency hypothesis (NEH), professionals have more effective cortical functions in cognitive tasks. This study is focusing on providing a systematic review of sport-related NEH studies with functional neuroimaging or brain stimulation while performing a sport-specific task, with the aim to answer the question: How does long-term specialized training change an athlete's brain and improve efficiency? A total of 28 studies ( = 829, Experimental Group = 430) from 2001 to 2020 (Median = 2014, = 5.43) were analyzed and results were organized into four different sections: expert-novice samples, perceptual-cognitive tasks and neuroimaging technologies, efficiency paradox, and the cluster analysis.

Physical Activity Participation and the Environment in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol.

Physical activity (PA) and sports are efficient ways to promote the younger generation's health and wellbeing. However, evidence is limited due to heterogeneous samples and measurements. This study aims to identify promoting and inhibiting correlates associated with children's and adolescents' non-organized PA participation and further demonstrate the complexity of PA and ecological factors.

Ranking provincial power generation sources of China: a decision-maker preferences based integrated multi-criteria framework.

The ranking of power generation sources is a very important prerequisite for power generation installation planning and power supply security. This study proposed a new multi-criteria system for ranking regional power generation sources in one country, including resources, economy, technology, environment, and society, using 11 sub-criteria. Based on the system, a novel decision-maker (DMs) preference-based integrated MCDM framework involving four methods (Visekriterijumsko Kompromisno Rangiranje (VIKOR), Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE), and Weighted Sum Method (WSM)) was developed for ranking six power generation sources (thermal, nuclear, wind, hydro, solar PV, and biomass) at the level of China's 30 provinces.

Does the development of renewable energy promote carbon reduction? Evidence from Chinese provinces.

Developing renewable energy is a crucial measure in addressing climate change and achieving carbon reduction. However, research evidence on its impact is mixed. To fill this gap, we construct a panel quantile regression model in this study to examine whether China's renewable energy development has effectively promoted a reduction in carbon emissions using panel data of 30 Chinese provinces from 2005 to 2016.

Evaluating provincial eco-efficiency in China: an improved network data envelopment analysis model with undesirable output.

In this study, an improved matrix-type network data envelopment analysis (NDEA) model with undesirable output was developed to evaluate the eco-efficiency of China's 30 provinces. The proposed model considered three linked but independent subsystems of the economy-society-environment cyclic system. Additionally, to allocate the weights of the NDEA model among the three subsystems (environment, economy, and society) of the eco-environment, a new relative reduction of the input-based method was proposed.