Visualizing lysosomes hypochlorous acid in Parkinson's disease models by a novel fluorescent probe.

Heightened oxidative stress is the principal driver behind the altered metabolism of neurotransmitters within the brains of Parkinson's disease (PD). Hypochlorous acid (HClO), a variant of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays a crucial role in several lysosomal activities. An irregular concentration of HClO may result in significant molecular damage and contribute to the onset of neurodegenerative disorders.

Fabrication of a Near-Infrared-Emissive Probe for Detecting Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 in the Liver of Diabetic Mice and Clinical Serum.

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) plays a key role in glucose metabolism, which has been a close target for diabetes pathology and treatment. It is significant for the evaluation of cellular DPP4 activity in various biological systems. Fluorescence imaging technology is currently a popular method for detecting enzymes in living cells due to its advantages of high selectivity, high sensitivity, high spatiotemporal resolution, and real-time visualization.

A lysosomal-targeted and viscosity-ultrasensitive near-infrared fluorescent probe for sensing viscosity in cells and a diabetic mice model.

Diabetes, as a metabolic disorder, has been implicated in organ dysfunction, often correlated with aberrant changes in viscosity. Lysosomal viscosity serves as an indicator of the lysosome's condition and activity, as it always varies synchronously with the change of lysosome's positioning, structure, and internal constituents. Diabetes, a condition within the metabolic disease category, has the potential to disrupt organ function due to irregular changes in viscosity.

Carboxylesterase-activated near-infrared fluorescence probe for highly sensitive imaging of liver tumors.

Carboxylesterases (CESs) are critical for metabolizing ester-containing biomolecules and are specifically important in liver metabolic disorders. The modulation of CESs is also an important issue in pharmacology and clinical applications. Herein, we present a near-infrared (NIR) CES fluorescent probe (NCES) based on the protection-deprotection of the hydroxyl group for monitoring CES levels in living systems.

A single mitochondria-targetable fluorescent probe for visualizing cysteine and glutathione in ferroptosis of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Ferroptosis plays an important role in the early stage of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury, which is closely associated with the antioxidant damage of mitochondrial cysteine (Cys)/glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) axis. Visualization of Cys and GSH in mitochondria is meaningful to value ferroptosis and further contributes to understanding and preventing MI/R injury. Herein a mitochondria-targetable thiols fluorescent probe (MTTP) was designed and synthesized based on sulfonyl benzoxadiazole (SBD) chromophore with a triphenylphosphine unit as the mitochondria-targeted functional group.

Imaging peroxynitrite in endoplasmic reticulum stress and acute lung injury with a near-infrared fluorescent probe.

Background: The cellular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is responsible for various functions, including protein synthesis, folding, distribution, and calcium ion storage. Studies have linked ER stress with acute lung injury (ALI), which can result in oxidative stress and even cell death. Peroxynitrite (ONOO) is a well-known reactive oxygen species (ROS) that contributes to various physiological and pathological processes in oxidative stress diseases.

De Novo Design of Near-Infrared Fluorescent Agents Activated by Peroxynitrite and Glutathione-Responsive Imaging for Diabetic Liver Disease.

Diabetes and its complications, such as diabetes liver disease, is a major problem puzzling people's health. The detection of redox states in its pathological process can effectively help us gain a deeper understanding of the disease. The pair of oxidation-reduction substances peroxynitrite (ONOO ) and glutathione (GSH) is considered to be closely related to their occurrence and development.

Engineering a near-infrared LAP fluorescent probe with high sensitivity and selectivity for surgical resection of liver cancer.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of cancer associated with a high rate of mortality and morbidity. In order to achieve precise HCC theranostics, it is important to develop excellent fluorescent probes. However, the existing probes are not sensitive or specific enough to accurately identify HCC margins and contours.

Aggregation enhanced FRET: A simple but efficient strategy for the ratiometric detection of uranyl ion.

Uranium is one of the most important radionuclides but could also cause potential health risks to human beings due to its radioactive and chemical toxicity. It is an urgent task to develop a simple but efficient sensing platform for UO, the main existing form of uranium in environment. Herein, a rhodamine-functionalized carbon dots (o-CDs-Rho) was synthesized and applied for UO sensing through a simple but novel aggregation-enhanced FRET strategy.

Development of a Golgi-targeted superoxide anion fluorescent probe for elucidating protein GOLPH3 function in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Superoxide anion (O) is an important reactive oxygen species (ROS) and participates in various physiological and pathological processes in the organism. The O burst induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is associated with cardiovascular disease and promotes the cell apoptosis. In this work, a turn-on type Golgi-targeting fluorescent probe Gol-Cou-O was rationally designed for sensitive and selective detection of O.

Construction of HClO activated near-infrared fluorescent probe for imaging hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies in the liver with poor prognosis. In order to improve the prognosis and overall survival of patients with HCC, it is important to identify it at early stage and resect it precisely. Cell microenvironment, active compounds, and enzymes may change during the cancerization of hepatocytes.

Cysteine-Activatable Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Dual-Channel Tracking Lipid Droplets and Mitochondria in Epilepsy.

Dual-channel fluorescent probes could respond to a specific target and emit different wavelengths of fluorescence before and after the response. Such probes could alleviate the influence caused by the variation of the probe concentration, excitation intensity, and so on. However, for most dual-channel fluorescent probes, the probe and fluorophore faced spectral overlap, which reduced sensitivity and accuracy.

Development of a Golgi-targeted fluorescent chemosensor for detecting ferrous ions overload under Golgi stress.

Ferrous ion (Fe) is a crucial metal ion in the body and participates in the diseases related to oxidation and reduction. Golgi apparatus is the main subcellular organelle of Fe transport in cells, and the stability of its structure is related to the Fe at an appropriate concentration. In this work, a turn-on type Golgi-targeting fluorescent chemosensor Gol-Cou-Fe was rationally designed for sensitive and selective detection of Fe.

Advances in Multifunctional Chemotherapeutic Prodrugs for Near-infrared Fluorescence Imaging-guided Therapy.

Conventional chemotherapy (CT) is associated with severe side effects and inducible resistance, making it difficult to meet clinical requirements, forcing the development of new multifunctional prodrugs for precision medicine. In recent decades, researchers and clinicians have focused on developing of multifunctional chemotherapeutic prodrugs with tumor-targeting capability, activatable and traceable chemotherapeutic activity, as a powerful tool to improve theranostic outcomes in cancer treatment. The conjugates of near-infrared (NIR) organic fluorophores and chemotherapy reagents create an exciting avenue for real-time monitoring of drug delivery and distribution, as well as the combination of chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Redox-Reversible Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Imaging of Acute Kidney Oxidative Injury and Remedy.

Drug-induced acute kidney injury (DIAKI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. It remains a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma due to failure of providing unambiguous real-time feedback on nephrotoxicity, which is regarded as a serious problem in clinics. Herein, we report a reversible fluorescence probe, , to monitor the ONOO/GSH in an acute kidney injury model.

Enhancing the Selectivity of Leucine Aminopeptidase Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes for Assisting in Surgical Tumor Resection.

Selective fluorescence imaging of analytes is a challenge for monitoring diseases as homologues interfere with the imaging agents. Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), a kind of protease, is related to tumor pathogenesis. The known LAP fluorescent probes based on leucine recognition have limited selectivity.

γ-Glutamyltransferase-Activatable Fluoro-Photoacoustic Reporter for Highly Sensitive Diagnosis of Acute Liver Injury and Tumor.

γ-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) has been recognized as an important clinical biomarker that is closely related to many diseases. Visualizing the GGT fluctuation facilitates early disease-related diagnosis and therapy. Herein, an activated probe () for the imaging of GGT activity was prepared.

A mitochondrial-targeted near-infrared fluorescent probe for visualizing the fluctuation of hypochlorite acid in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis mice.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic inflammatory disease destroying lungs irreversibly with high mortality rates. There are challenges in diagnosing IPF and treating it at an early stage. Mounting evidence suggests that hypochlorous acid (HClO) can help in diagnosing inflammation and relevant conditions.

Golgi-Targeting Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring CO-Releasing Molecule-3 In Vitro and In Vivo.

CO-releasing molecule-3 (CORM-3), mainly metal carbonyl compounds, is widely used as experimental tools to deliver CO, a biological "gasotransmitter", in mammalian systems. CORM-3 is also proposed as a potential new antimicrobial agent, which kills bacteria effectively and rapidly in vitro and in animal models. Organelle-targeting therapy, as a highly effective therapeutic strategy with little toxic and side effects, has important research significance and development prospects.

Molecular Fluorescent Probes for Liver Tumor Imaging.

Liver cancer is a malignant tumor with both high morbidity and mortality. The traditional treatment method is mainly based on hepatectomy for liver tumor. However, it is difficult to accurately distinguish the tumor tissue and its boundary with the naked eye and palpation, leading to an ambiguous resection result, finally causing high recurrence of liver cancer.

A NIR-emissive probe with a remarkable Stokes shift for CO-releasing molecule-3 detection in cells and .

Carbon monoxide (CO) is regarded as one of the most important gaseous transmitters, playing a vital role in biological systems; meanwhile, abnormal levels of CO can be correlated with conditions such as lung disease, Alzheimer's disease, and cardiovascular disease. CO-releasing molecules (CORMs) are chemical agents used to release CO as an endogenous, biologically active molecule in order to treat diseases. CO-releasing molecule-3 (CORM-3), as a convenient and safe CO donor and therapeutic drug molecule, has been widely used to release exogenous CO in living cells to study the physiological and pathological roles of CO in living systems.

Recent Progresses in NIR-I/II Fluorescence Imaging for Surgical Navigation.

Cancer is still one of the main causes of morbidity and death rate around the world, although diagnostic and therapeutic technologies are used to advance human disease treatment. Currently, surgical resection of solid tumors is the most effective and a prior remedial measure to treat cancer. Although medical treatment, technology, and science have advanced significantly, it is challenging to completely treat this lethal disease.

A highly selective ratiometric molecular probe for imaging peroxynitrite during drug-induced acute liver injury.

Drug-induced acute liver injury (DIALI) is a common liver disease, affecting a number of people worldwide with increasing morbidity each year. Thus, it is vital to develop new tools for intervention and diagnosis. Peroxynitrite (ONOO), a highly reactive species, plays an important role in the DIALI process.

Rational Design of a Rigid Fluorophore-Molecular Rotor-Based Probe for High Signal-to-Background Ratio Detection of Sulfur Dioxide in Viscous System.

Many viscous microenvironments exist in living systems. For instance, at the cellular level, the viscosity of subcellular organelles (mitochondria, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, etc.) is much greater than that of cytoplasm; at the organismal level, compared with normal states of health, blood, or lymphatic fluid viscosity will increase to some extent in diabetes, hypertension, inflammation, tumors, and so on.

A ratiometric fluorescent hydrogen peroxide chemosensor manipulated by an ICT-activated FRET mechanism and its bioimaging application in living cells and zebrafish.

A H2O2-responsive fluorescent chemosensor (CNBE) with a ratiometric emission signal was elaborately designed and synthesized. The ratio signal of the chemosensor was manipulated by an interplaying ICT-activated FRET mechanism. The ratiometric fluorescence imaging was successfully applied to detect H2O2 using CNBE in living cells and zebrafish.