The effect of acute branched-chain amino acids ingestion on rate of force development in different time intervals: a controlled crossover study.

Background: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are widely used as sports nutrition supplements. However, their impact on the rate of force development (RFD), an indicator of explosive muscle strength, has not yet been validated. This study aimed to assess the impact of BCAA supplementation on the RFD in college basketball players during simulated games.

Biomimetic astrocyte cell membrane-fused nanovesicles for protecting neurovascular units in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.

Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) refers to neonatal hypoxic brain injury caused by severe asphyxia during the perinatal period. With a high incidence rate and poor prognosis, HIE accounts for 2.4% of the global disease burden, imposing a heavy burden on families and society.

Electrochemical Dichlorinative Cyclization of 1,-Enynes by 4-Iodotoluene Catalysis.

An electrochemical approach for the indirect oxidative generation of hypervalent iodoarene as a reaction catalyst has been reported. The reaction proceeds first from the generation of active Cl species by electro-oxidation, followed by oxidative transfer to generate ArICl, which subsequently reacts with enynes to achieve cyclization. This protocol provides a simple and green method for accessing dichlorinative cyclization products in high yields with good selectivity.

Carbonic anhydrase-mimicking metal-organic frameworks built from amino acid and cadmium ions.

Built from L-histidine amino acid ligand and cadmium ions, two new 3D chiral metal-organic frameworks, [α-Cd(HIS)] (1) and [β-Cd(HIS)] (2), which contain metal-histidine bonds mimicking the structure features of carbonic anhydrase, demonstrate interesting properties of catalyzing the hydrolysis of -nitrophenylacetate (-NPA) to -nitrophenol (-NP).

Technology empowerment: Digital transformation and enterprise ESG performance-Evidence from China's manufacturing sector.

In light of the long-term constraints posed by the "dual carbon" objective, can digital technology emerge as a transformative solution for enterprises to embark on a sustainable development trajectory? The existing body of research has yet to reach a consensus. In order to shed further light on the intricate relationship between digital transformation and ESG performance of enterprises, this study empirically examines the mechanisms and boundaries through which digital transformation influences ESG performance, based on observational data from A-share manufacturing listed companies in Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange spanning from 2011 to 2021. The findings demonstrate that digital transformation exerts a significant positive impact on the ESG performance of manufacturing enterprises.

Palladium-catalyzed enantioselective arylation of trichloro- or tri-/difluoroacetaldimine precursors.

A palladium-catalyzed asymmetric α-arylation of -carbamoyl imine precursors containing CCl, CF and CFH is presented. This protocol provides facile access to a series of chiral α-aryl trichloroethylamines bearing various functional groups, with moderate to high yields (40-82% yield) and high enantioselectivity (80-99% ee).

Differential impact of heat and hypoxia on dynamic oxygen uptake and deoxyhemoglobin parameters during incremental exhaustive exercise.

This study aims to explore the relationship between the dynamic changes in oxygen uptake () and deoxyhemoglobin (HHb) and peripheral fatigue in athletes during incremental exhaustive exercise under different environmental conditions, including high temperature and humidity environment, hypoxic environment, and normal conditions. 12 male modern pentathlon athletes were recruited and performed incremental exhaustive exercise in three different environments: normal condition (23°C, 45%RH, FiO = 21.0%, CON), high temperature and humidity environment (35°C, 70%RH, FiO = 21.

Programmable synthesis of difluorinated hydrocarbons from alkenes through a photocatalytic linchpin strategy.

The introduction of difluoromethylene moieties into organic molecules has garnered significant attention due to their profound influence on the physicochemical and biological properties of compounds. Nonetheless, the existing approaches for accessing difluoroalkanes from readily available feedstock chemicals remain limited. In this study, we present an efficient and modular protocol for the synthesis of difluorinated compounds from alkenes, employing the readily accessible reagent, ClCFSONa, as a versatile "difluoromethylene" linchpin.

Blooming characteristics and breeding system of an invasive plant .

The invasiveness and dissemination of exotic species are strongly influenced by its sexual reproduction characteristics, including blooming characteristics and breeding system. Exploring the association of these sexual reproductive traits with invasiveness would be helpful for revealing the mechanism of its successful invasion. We examined the blooming characteristics and breeding system of based on field observations, out-crossing index (OCI) estimation, and hand-pollination experiments.

Psychological changes in athletes infected with Omicron after return to training: fatigue, sleep, and mood.

Background: This study aims to analyze the changes of approximately 1 month in fatigue, sleep, and mood in athletes after returning to training following infection with the COVID-19 Omicron strain and provide recommendations for returning to training after infection.

Methods: Two hundred and thirty professional athletes who had returned to training after being infected with COVID-19 in December 2022 were recruited to participate in three tests conducted from early January 2023. The second test was completed approximately 1 week after the first, and the third was completed about 2 weeks after the second.

Biomimetic nanoparticles in ischemic stroke therapy.

Abstract: Ischemic stroke is one of the most severe neurological disorders with limited therapeutic strategies. The utilization of nanoparticle drug delivery systems is a burgeoning field and has been widely investigated. Among these, biomimetic drug delivery systems composed of biogenic membrane components and synthetic nanoparticles have been extensively highlighted in recent years.

Coumarinacyl Anilinium Salt: A Versatile Visible and NIR Photoinitiator for Cationic and Step-Growth Polymerizations.

A coumarinacyl anilinium () salt, facilely synthesized via a one-pot reaction, is shown to be a versatile visible and NIR photoinitiator for cationic and step-growth polymerizations. salt exhibits superior photoinitiation performance as compared to commercial iodonium salt in cationic polymerization. Upon visible-light irradiation, this salt undergoes hemolytic and heterolytic cleavage and subsequent electron transfer and hydrogen abstraction reactions, forming reactive species capable of initiating cationic polymerization of epoxides and vinyl monomers.

Catalytic Asymmetric Electrochemical α-Arylation of Cyclic β-Ketocarbonyls with Anodic Benzyne Intermediates.

Asymmetric catalysis with benzyne remains elusive because of the highly fleeting and nonpolar nature of benzyne intermediates. Reported herein is an electrochemical approach for the oxidative generation of benzynes (cyclohexyne) and its successful merging with chiral primary aminocatalysis, formulating the first catalytic asymmetric enamine-benzyne (cyclohexyne) coupling reaction. Cobalt acetate was identified to stabilize the in situ generated arynes and facilitate its coupling with an enamine.

Asymmetric Electrochemical Catalysis.

Asymmetric electrochemical catalysis, an emerging frontline in asymmetric catalysis and electro-organic synthesis, is summarized. Representative works are classified, with respect to the external chiral resources, including chiral media, chiral mediator, chiral catalyst, and chiral electrode. This concept article is expected to provide readers with the general concepts and perspectives of each chiral electrochemical catalysis mode, and to indicate the potential and future development of asymmetric electrochemical catalysis.

Electrochemical Generation of Diaza-oxyallyl Cation for Cycloaddition in an All-Green Electrolytic System.

The electro-oxidative generation of diaza-oxyallyl cation and its application to the synthesis of diamine motifs has been explored. Because of the synergistic combination of anodic and cathodic reactions, the current electrochemical method not only avoids the use of a stoichiometric amount of chemical oxidant but also eliminates the need for supporting electrolyte and external base required for effective oxidation.

Aromatic C-H Bond Functionalization Induced by Electrochemically in Situ Generated Tris(p-bromophenyl)aminium Radical Cation: Cationic Chain Reactions of Electron-Rich Aromatics with Enamides.

An effective Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of electron-rich aromatics with N-vinylamides, induced by electrochemically in situ-generated TBPA radical cation, has been developed; the resulting adducts are produced in good to excellent yields. In the "ex-cell" type electrolysis, TBPA is transformed to its oxidized form in situ and subsequently employed as an electron transfer reagent to initiate a cationic chain reaction. An easily recoverable and reusable polymeric ionic liquid-carbon black (PIL-CB) composite was also utilized as a supporting electrolyte for the electrochemical generation of TBPA cation radical, without sacrificing efficiency or stability after four electrolyses.

Polymeric ionic liquid and carbon black composite as a reusable supporting electrolyte: modification of the electrode surface.

One of the major impediments to using electroorganic synthesis is the need for large amounts of a supporting electrolyte to ensure the passage of charge. Frequently this causes separation and waste problems. To address these issues, a polymeric ionic liquid-Super P carbon black composite has been formulated.