Corneal astigmatism after temporary discontinuation from long-term spherical and toric orthokeratology.

Objective: To investigate changes in corneal astigmatism (curvatures and corneal sagittal height difference (C-sagDiff) at 8-mm chord) after temporary discontinuation from long-term spherical and toric orthokeratology (ortho-k) lens wear in a Chinese population.

Methods: Relevant data were retrieved from 110 patients (55 wearing spherical ortho-k lenses, 55 wearing toric ortho-k lenses) who have been undergoing ortho-k treatment for at least one year and stopped lens wear temporarily for scheduled lens replacement. The topographic and refraction data at baseline and post-discontinuation was collected for all the patients.

Refraction difference value variations in children and adolescents with different refractive errors.

Aim: To evaluate the refraction difference value (RDV) variations in children and adolescents with different refractive errors and analyze its correlation with refractive development.

Methods: Participants aged 4-16y with different refractive statuses (hyperopia, emmetropia, myopia) underwent comprehensive eye examinations, including spherical equivalent (SE) refraction, axial length (AL), total RDV (TRDV), and RDVs at various eccentricities (0°-15°, 15°-30°, 30°-45°) and quadrants (inferior, superior, nasal, temporal). Statistical analysis involved one-way ANOVA for group comparisons and Pearson correlation for examining relationships between SE/AL and RDVs.

Integrating artificial intelligence in strabismus management: current research landscape and future directions.

Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) are transforming strabismus management through improved screening, diagnosis, and surgical planning. Deep learning has notably enhanced diagnostic accuracy and optimized surgical outcomes. Despite these advancements, challenges such as the underrepresentation of diverse strabismus types and reliance on single-source data remain prevalent.

[Visual Performance of School-age Children Wearing Dual-Focus Soft Contact Lenses: A Randomized Controlled Trial].

Objective: To investigate the effect of wearing dual-focus soft contact lenses (DFSCL) on the visual performance of school-age children.

Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 64 children aged 8 to 12 years with spherical equivalent refraction between -0.75 D and -4.

[Efficacy of Combining Highly Aspherical Lenslets Spectacles With 0.01% Atropine Eye Drops in Myopia Control].

Objective: To explore the difference in myopia control efficacy between spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets (HAL) combined with 0.01% atropine eye drops and spectacle lenses with HAL alone or single vision spectacle lenses (SVL) in children and adolescents.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with a total of 105 myopic children aged 6-15 years.

Association of neuroimaging measures with facial emotional processing in healthy adults: a task fMRI study.

Investigating the neural processing of emotion-related neural circuits underlying emotional facial processing may help in understanding mental disorders. We used two subscales of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) to assess the emotional cognitive of 25 healthy participants. A higher score indicates greater difficulty in emotional perception.

An artificial intelligence platform for the screening and managing of strabismus.

Objectives: Considering the escalating incidence of strabismus and its consequential jeopardy to binocular vision, there is an imperative demand for expeditious and precise screening methods. This study was to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) platform in the form of an applet that facilitates the screening and management of strabismus on any mobile device.

Methods: The Visual Transformer (VIT_16_224) was developed using primary gaze photos from two datasets covering different ages.

Anisomyopia and orthokeratology for myopia control - Axial elongation and relative peripheral refraction.

Purpose: To investigate axial elongation (AE) and changes in relative peripheral refraction (RPR) in anisomyopic children undergoing orthokeratology (ortho-k).

Methods: Bilateral anisomyopic children, 7-12 years of age, were treated with ortho-k. Axial length (AL) and RPR, from 30° nasal (N30°) to 30° temporal (T30°), were measured at baseline and every 6 months over the study period.

The effect of individualized ocular refraction customized spectacle lenses on myopia control in schoolchildren: A 1-year randomised clinical trial.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of individualized ocular refraction customized (IORC) spectacle lenses with different actual amounts of peripheral myopic defocus (MD) on myopia control over 1 year. These lenses compensate for the original peripheral refraction via the free-form surface on the back of the lens.

Methods: This 1-year, double-masked randomised clinical trial included 184 myopic schoolchildren aged 8-12 years.

Effect of Individualized Ocular Refraction Customization Spectacle Lens Wear on Visual Performance in Myopic Chinese Children.

Purpose: Individualized ocular refraction customization (IORC) lenses can be individually adjusted depending on the initial relative peripheral refraction to determine the myopic defocus (MD). We aimed to compare visual performance of children wearing IORC lenses with different amounts of MD to determine whether higher MD resulted in greater visual compromise.

Methods: This study included 184 myopic children aged eight to 12 years, and 172 completed the trial.

The role of adiponectin and its receptor signaling in ocular inflammation-associated diseases.

Ocular inflammation-associated diseases are leading causes of global visual impairment, with limited treatment options. Adiponectin, a hormone primarily secreted by adipose tissue, binds to its receptors, which are widely distributed throughout the body, exerting powerful physiological regulatory effects. The protective role of adiponectin in various inflammatory diseases has gained increasing attention in recent years.

The relationship between accommodative and binocular function with myopia progression in myopic children undergoing orthokeratology.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between changes in accommodative and binocular function with myopia progression in myopic children over a two-year follow-up period, and to determine when changes in visual functions stabilized after switching from spectacles to orthokeratology (Ortho-K).

Methods: This prospective, self-controlled study followed thirty-six participants (aged 8-14 years) for two years after they switched from spectacles to Ortho-K. Accommodative and binocular function were assessed prior to and 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after commencing Ortho-K.

Effectiveness of orthokeratology and myopia control spectacles in a real-world setting in China.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of myopia control in Chinese children, who had been wearing either orthokeratology (ortho-k) lenses or myopia control spectacles (MCS) for one year.

Methods: Relevant data were retrieved from 212 patients, with baseline myopia of -5.00 to -0.

Corrective mechanisms of motion extrapolation.

Transmission and processing of sensory information in the visual system takes time. For motion perception, our brain can overcome this intrinsic neural delay through extrapolation mechanisms and accurately predict the current position of a continuously moving object. But how does the system behave when the motion abruptly changes and the prediction becomes wrong? Here we address this question by studying the perceived position of a moving object with various abrupt motion changes by human observers.

Binocular function in the aging visual system: fusion, suppression, and stereoacuity.

Introduction: Changes in vision that occur in normal healthy aging can be seen in fundamental measures of monocular vision. However, the nature of the changes in binocular vision with age remain unclear.

Methods: A total of 28 older (53-66 years) and 28 younger adults (20-31 years) were enrolled in this study.

The alterations in ocular biometric parameters following short-term discontinuation of long-term orthokeratology and prior to subsequent lens fitting: a preliminary study.

Purpose: To investigate the alterations in biometric parameters among Chinese adolescents over an extended period of wearing orthokeratology lenses, as well as the subsequent changes after a one-month cessation of lens usage prior to the secondary lens fitting.

Methods: Twenty-four myopic patients aged 7-14 were enrolled in this 37-month prospective observational study. Ocular biometric parameters were measured in the study.

[Application of Deep Learning Algorithm in the Grading Assessment of Corneal Fluorescein Staining].

Objective: To explore the application value of applying deep learning (DL) algorithm in the grading assessment of corneal fluorescein staining.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out, covering 600 corneal fluorescein staining photos acquired in the Contact Lens Clinic, West China Hospital, Sichuan University between 2020 and 2022. Out of the 600 photos, 500 were used to construct the algorithm and the remaining 100 were used for the validation of the algorithm and a comparative analysis of the difference in grading accuracy (ACC) and the length of diagnostic time between artificial intelligence (AI) and optometry students.

Effects of inflammation on myopia: evidence and potential mechanisms.

As the most common type of refractive error, myopia has become one of the leading causes of visual impairment. With the increasing prevalence of myopia, there is a growing need to better understand the factors involved in its development. Inflammation, one of the most fundamental pathophysiological processes in humans, is a rapid response triggered by harmful stimuli and conditions.

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of different doses of atropine for myopic control in children: a meta-analysis.

To comprehensively reassess the efficacy and safety of different concentrations of atropine for retarding myopia progression and seek the most appropriate therapeutic concentration for clinical practice. We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals (VIP) and China National Knowledege Infrastructure (CNKI) from their inception to 23 March 2023, to obtain eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies that had atropine in at least one treatment arm and placebo/no intervention in another arm. We evaluated the risk of bias of the RCTs according to the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration for RCTs and quality of cohort studies by the Newcastle‒Ottawa Scale.

Activation of p38 MAPK hinders the reactivation of visual cortical plasticity in adult amblyopic mice.

Objective: To investigate the impact of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling on reactivating visual cortical plasticity in adult amblyopic mice.

Materials And Methods: Reverse suture (RS), environment enrichment (EE), and combined with left intracerebroventricular injection of p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580, SB) or p38 MAPK agonist (dehydrocorydaline hydrochloride, DHC) were utilized to treat adult amblyopic mice with monocular deprivation (MD). The visual water task, visual cliff test, and Flash visual-evoked potential were used to measure the visual function.

One-year results for myopia control with aspheric base curve orthokeratology lenses: A prospective randomised clinical trial.

Purpose: To compare the effect of orthokeratology (ortho-k) using aspheric or spherical base curve (BCA vs. BCS) contact lenses on axial elongation and the relative peripheral refraction change (RPRC) in Chinese children.

Methods: Children aged 8-12 years with myopia between -0.

Regulatory role of the p38 MAPK/ATF2 signaling pathway in visual function and visual cortical plasticity in mice with monocular deprivation.

Background: This study aimed to examine the role of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) signaling in visual function impairment and visual cortical plasticity in mice with monocular deprivation (MD).

Methods: Visual behavioral tests, including visual water task, visual cliff test, and flash visual evoked potential, were performed on each group. We studied the density of dendritic spines and the synaptic ultrastructure by Golgi staining and transmission electron microscope.

An atypical case of myopic strabismus fixus.

We present an atypical case of progressive fixed hypertropia in a patient with extreme myopia. Myopic strabismus fixus is typically characterized by progressive esotropia and hypotropia, which is caused by the protrusion of the posterior eyeball from the superotemporal quadrant of the extraocular muscle cone. In this case, the patient's right eye was fixed in a superomedial position, and the left eye was fixed and deviated upward.