A Novel Ah-miR2916-AhERF13-AhSUC3 Module Regulates Al Tolerance via Ethylene-Mediated Signaling in Peanut (Arachnis hypogea L).

Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acidic soils leads to a considerable reduction in crop yields. MicroRNAs play essential roles in abiotic stress responses, but little is known of their role in the response of peanut (Arachnis hypogea L.) to Al stress.

TRX h2-PP2AC2 module serves as a convergence node for aluminum stress and leaf senescence signals, regulating cell death via ABA-mediated ROS pathway.

ROS/redox signaling plays an important role in the regulation of signal transduction and acclimation pathways activated by multiple abiotic stresses and leaf senescence. However, the regulatory events that produce ROS under different stimuli are far from clear. Here, we report the elucidation of the molecular mechanism of an h type thioredoxin, AhTRX h2, positively regulates Al sensitivity and leaf senescence by promoting ROS.

Knockdown of Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate-Dependent Caseinolytic Protease Proteolytic Subunit 6 Enhances Aluminum Tolerance in Peanut Plants ( L.).

Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acidic soils reduces root growth and can lead to a considerable reduction in peanut plants ( L.). The caseinolytic protease (Clp) system plays the key role in abiotic stress response.

Dobinin K Displays Antiplasmodial Activity through Disruption of Mitochondria and Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species.

Dobinin K is a novel eudesmane sesquiterpenoids compound isolated from the root of and displays potential antiplasmodial activity in vivo. Here, we evaluate the antiplasmodial activity of dobinin K in vitro and study its acting mechanism. The antiplasmodial activity of dobinin K in vitro was evaluated by concentration-, time-dependent, and stage-specific parasite inhibition assay.

AhGSNOR1 negatively regulates Al-induced programmed cell death by regulating intracellular NO and redox levels.

The toxicity of aluminum (Al) in acidic soil inhibits plant development and reduces crop yields. Programmed cell death (PCD) is one of the important mechanisms in the plant response to Al toxicity. However, it is yet unknown if S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) provides Al-PCD.

The effects of exercise interventions on brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a crucial neurotrophic factor that plays a significant role in brain health. Although the vast majority of meta-analyses have confirmed that exercise interventions can increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in children and adolescents, the effects of specific types of exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels are still controversial. To address this issue, we used meta-analytic methods to quantitatively evaluate, analyze, and integrate relevant studies.

Morphological, anatomical, and transcriptomics analysis reveals the regulatory mechanisms of cassava plant height development.

Background: Cassava is one of three major potato crops and the sixth most important food crop globally. Improving yield remains a primary aim in cassava breeding. Notably, plant height significantly impacts the yield and quality of crops; however, the mechanisms underlying cassava plant height development are yet to be elucidated.

Assembly and comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial and chloroplast genome of Cyperus stoloniferus (Cyperaceae), a coastal plant possessing saline-alkali tolerance.

Background: Cyperus stoloniferus is an important species in coastal ecosystems and possesses economic and ecological value. To elucidate the structural characteristics, variation, and evolution of the organelle genome of C. stoloniferus, we sequenced, assembled, and compared its mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes.

Enhancing GaN/AlGaN-Based Heterojunction Phototransistors: The Role of Graded Base Structures in Performance Improvement.

This research explores the architecture and efficacy of GaN/AlGaN-based heterojunction phototransistors (HPTs) engineered with both a compositionally graded and a doping-graded base. Employing theoretical analysis along with empirical fabrication techniques, HPTs configured with an aluminum compositionally graded base were observed to exhibit a substantial enhancement in current gain. Specifically, theoretical models predicted a 12-fold increase, while experimental evaluations revealed an even more pronounced improvement of approximately 27.

De Novo Assembly and Comparative Analysis of Mitochondrial Genomes of Two Varieties.

is a species with important medicinal value and a complex genetic background. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the mitochondrial (mt) genomes of two varieties of . The mt genome lengths of var.

The Role of miRNA and Long Noncoding RNA in Cholestatic Liver Diseases.

Cholestatic liver diseases encompass a range of organic damages, metabolic disorders, and dysfunctions within the hepatobiliary system, arising from various pathogenic causes. These factors contribute to disruptions in bile production, secretion, and excretion. Cholestatic liver diseases can be classified into intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis, according to the location of occurrence.

Mutator-like transposable element 9A interacts with metacaspase 1 and modulates the incidence of Al-induced programmed cell death in peanut.

The toxicity of aluminum (Al) in acidic soil inhibits plant root development and reduces crop yields. In the plant response to Al toxicity, the initiation of programmed cell death (PCD) appears to be an important mechanism for the elimination of Al-damaged cells to ensure plant survival. In a previous study, the type I metacaspase AhMC1 was found to regulate the Al stress response and to be essential for Al-induced PCD.

Molecular Cloning, Expression Analysis, and Functional Analysis of Nine in (L.) Lam.

Sugar Will Eventually be Exported Transporter () genes play an important regulatory role in plants' growth and development, stress response, and sugar metabolism, but there are few reports on the role of SWEET proteins in sweet potato. In this study, nine genes were obtained via PCR amplification from the cDNA of sweet potato. Phylogenetic analysis showed that nine IbSWEETs separately belong to four clades (Clade I~IV) and contain two MtN3/saliva domains or PQ-loop superfamily and six~seven transmembrane domains.

The effect of acute high-intensity interval training and Tabata training on inhibitory control and cortical activation in young adults.

Introduction: Physical exercise not only benefits peoples' health, but also improves their cognitive function. Although growing evidence suggests that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-efficient exercise regime that can improve inhibitory control performance by enhancing cortical activation in the prefrontal cortex, less is known about how Tabata training, a subset of HIIT that requires no equipment or facilities to perform, affects inhibitory control and cortical activation in young adults. Therefore, we aimed to reveal the effect of an acute bout of HIIT and Tabata training on inhibitory control and attempted to identify its potential neural substrates.

Identification and functional characterization of REGULATORY PARTICLE NON-ATPASE 1a-like (AhRPN1a-like) in peanuts during aluminum-induced programmed cell death.

The toxicity of aluminum (Al) in acidic soil is a prevalent problem and causes reduced crop yields. In the plant response to Al toxicity, programmed cell death (PCD) appears to be one of the important mechanisms. However, the regulation of Al-induced PCD remains poorly understood.

Synergistic Ion-Anchoring Passivation for Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency Exceeding 24% and Ultra-Ambient Stability.

The high-density defect states existing at the grain boundaries and heterojunction interfaces induce nonradiative charge recombination and ion migration processes within perovskite film, which seriously impair the device efficiency and stability. Here, we propose a novel synergistic ion-anchoring passivation (SIP) strategy for high-performance perovskite solar cells, by designing a multifunctional molecule to heal the charged defects via electrostatic interactions. The anion and cation species of the multifunctional molecule are rationally screened via high-throughput DFT simulation and experimental verification, which act as efficient surface passivation agents to heal the lead- and iodine-related defects.

GaN/Gr (2D)/Si (3D) Combined High-Performance Hot Electron Transistors.

To overcome the problem of minority carrier storage time in bipolar transistors, a hot electron transistor (HET) has been proposed. This device has the advantage of high working speed and some complex logic functions can be completed by using one component. Here, we demonstrate a mixed-dimensional HET composed of GaN/AlN microwires, graphene (Gr), and Si.

Two-In-One: End-Emitting Blue LED and Self-Powered UV Photodetector based on Single Trapezoidal PIN GaN Microwire for Ambient Light UV Monitoring and Feedback.

With the continuous miniaturization and integration of the semiconductor industry, micro/nanoscale integrated photonics has received extensive attention as a key technology for optical communication, optical storage, and optical interconnection. Here, a two-in-one device is reported with both unidirectional blue light emission and UV photodetection functions based on single trapezoidal PIN GaN microwire. By constructing a Fabry-Perot resonator cavity structure, the end-emitting blue light-emitting diode with a low turn-on voltage (≈0.

Current Perspectives of Neuroendocrine Regulation in Liver Fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is a complicated process that involves different cell types and pathological factors. The excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and the formation of fibrotic scar disrupt the tissue homeostasis of the liver, eventually leading to cirrhosis and even liver failure. Myofibroblasts derived from hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) contribute to the development of liver fibrosis by producing ECM in the area of injuries.

Up-regulation of the human-specific CHRFAM7A gene protects against renal fibrosis in mice with obstructive nephropathy.

Renal fibrosis is a major factor in the progression of chronic kidney diseases. Obstructive nephropathy is a common cause of renal fibrosis, which is also accompanied by inflammation. To explore the effect of human-specific CHRFAM7A expression, an inflammation-related gene, on renal fibrosis during obstructive nephropathy, we studied CHRFAM7A transgenic mice and wild type mice that underwent unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) injury.

Identification and functional characterization of the xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase 32 (AhXTH32) in peanut during aluminum-induced programmed cell death.

The toxicity of aluminum (Al) in acidic soil is a prevalent problem and causes reduced crop yields. In the plant response to Al toxicity, programmed cell death (PCD) appears to be an important mechanism. The plant cell wall of crop roots is the predominant site targeted by Al.

Physical activity and exercise alter cognitive abilities, and brain structure and activity in obese children.

The prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing to such an extent that it has become a major global public health problem in the 21st century. Obesity alters children's brain structure and activity and impairs their cognitive abilities. On the basis of these findings, it is necessary for educational and healthcare institutions to combat childhood obesity through preventive and therapeutic strategies.

Circadian Rhythm Regulates Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Inhibits Al-Induced Programmed Cell Death in Peanut.

Peanut is among the most important oil crops in the world. In the southern part of China, peanut is highly produced; however, the arable land is acidic. In acidic soils, aluminum (Al) inhibits plant growth and development by changing the properties of the cell wall and causing the disorder of the intracellular metabolic process.

Transcriptomic analysis of tuberous root in two sweet potato varieties reveals the important genes and regulatory pathways in tuberous root development.

Background: Tuberous root formation and development is a complex process in sweet potato, which is regulated by multiple genes and environmental factors. However, the regulatory mechanism of tuberous root development is unclear.

Results: In this study, the transcriptome of fibrous roots (R0) and tuberous roots in three developmental stages (Rl, R2, R3) were analyzed in two sweet potato varieties, GJS-8 and XGH.