Evaluating team-based, lecture-based, and hybrid learning methods for neurology clerkship in China: a method-comparison study.

Background: Neurology is complex, abstract, and difficult for students to learn. However, a good learning method for neurology clerkship training is required to help students quickly develop strong clinical thinking as well as problem-solving skills. Both the traditional lecture-based learning (LBL) and the relatively new team-based learning (TBL) methods have inherent strengths and weaknesses when applied to neurology clerkship education.

[The epidemiological characteristic of 97,823 cases of pre-hospital medical care in Guangzhou city].

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological information of patients in pre-hospital medical care in Guangzhou city, and to explore the characteristics of the patients.

Methods: The data in the year of 2008 were retrieved from the computer database of Guangzhou Emergency Medical Rescue Command Center.

Results: (1)In a total of 969 410 calls received, the time of distribution was found to be mainly between 16:00 and 18:00 [11.

Changes of the immunological barrier of intestinal mucosa in rats with sepsis.

Background: Sepsis has become the greatest threat to in-patients, with a mortality of over 25%. The dysfunction of gut barrier, especially the immunological barrier, plays an important role in the development of sepsis. This dysfunction occurs after surgery, but the magnitude of change does not differentiate patients with sepsis from those without sepsis.

Expressions of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 in the myocardium of patients with sudden cardiac death.

Background: As the regulators of cytokines, suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) play an important role in the inflammation reaction. Some studies found that SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 were involved in the pathogenesis of some inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease. But the expressions of SOCS in coronary heart disease have not yet been reported.

[Risk factors for death due to fungal septicemia and prognostic analysis].

Objective: To analyze the incidence, clinical features and the predisposing factors of fungal septicemia, and investigate the risk factors for death due to fungal septicemia and the prognosis of the patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 91 patients with fungal septicemia diagnosed in the last 17 years, including 60 patients with clinical cure or improvement, and 31 who die of the disease. Based on the results by univariate analysis, the data were analyzed using logistic multiple regression and Fisher's discriminant analysis.

Breast cancer resistance protein expression and 5-fluorouracil resistance.

Objective: To filtrate breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)-mediated resistant agents and to investigate clinical relationship between BCRP expression and drug resistance.

Methods: MTT assay was performed to filtrate BCRP-mediated resistant agents with BCRP expression cell model and to detect chemosensitivity of breast cancer tissue specimens to these agents. A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay was established, and was used to measure the relative dose of intracellular retention resistant agents.

[Effects of ulinastatin on gut mucosal apoptosis and bacterial translocation in rats with sepsis].

Objective: To investigate the effects of ulinastatin on gut mucosal apoptosis and bacterium translocation in a rat model of sepsis.

Methods: Fifty rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups, namely the control (n=5, no operation or drugs), ulinastatin pretreatment (n=15, treated with 25,000 U/kg ulinastatin 2 h before operation), ulinastatin treatment (n=15, treated with 25,000 U/kg ulinastatin 2 h after operation) and sepsis model (n=15, without drug treatment) groups. The rats in the later 3 groups were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).

[Risk stratification and prognostic evaluation of patients with pulmonary thromboembolism].

Objective: To explore the risk stratification and prognostic evaluation of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).

Methods: The clinical data of 46 patients suffering from PTE diagnosed by ventilation perfusion scan or spiral CT pulmonary angiography admitted to our hospital from January 2002 to December 2006 were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: The total mortality was 33% (15/46 cases).

[Analysis of acute cerebral arterial thrombosis with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome].

Objective: To investigate the incidence, case fatality and risk factors of acute cerebral arterial thrombosis complicated by multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 830 patients with acute cerebral arterial thrombosis, among whom 89 also developed MODS.

Results: The incidence of MODS in these patients was 10.

[Effect of ulinastatin on apoptosis in ileal mucosa of rats with hemorrhagic shock].

Objective: To investigate the effect of ulinastatin on apoptosis in ileal mucosa of rats with hemorrhagic shock.

Methods: A prospective, controlled animal study was performed. The rat model of hemorrhagic shock was replicated according to method described by Chaudry.

[Effect of goblet cell in rat intestine on the restitution process of the gut barrier after hemorrhagic shock].

Objective: To investigate the changes of the goblet cells in the intestine during the restitution process of the gut barrier after hemorrhagic shock.

Methods: Forty-nine Sprague-Dawley rats with body weight of 250-300 g were divided into control group (n=7) and experimental group (n=42). Rats in the experimental group was further divided into 6 groups (n=7 each) according to different time point at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 hours after hemorrhagic shock resuscitation.

Functional and morphological changes of the gut barrier during the restitution process after hemorrhagic shock.

Aim: To investigate the functional, morphological changes of the gut barrier during the restitution process after hemorrhagic shock, and the regional differences of the large intestine and small intestine in response to ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Methods: Forty-seven Sprague-Dawley rats with body weight of 250-300 g were divided into two groups: control group (sham shock n = 5) and experimental group (n = 42). Experimental group was further divided into six groups (n = 7 each) according to different time points after the hemorrhagic shock, including 0(th) h group, 1st h group, 3rd h group, 6th h group, 12th h group and 24th h group.