[On acupoints].

Acupoint is the basis of acupuncture. To elaborate the theory of acupuncture, the structure and function of acupoint should be clarified in advance. By exploring the discussion upon the classification, distribution and structure of acupoint in (), (on meridian points and extra points), (on convergence of joints) and (on three-dimensional structure of acupoint) are extracted.

Evaluation of trabecular meshwork-specific promoters and using scAAV2 vectors expressing C3 transferase.

Aim: To evaluate the potential of two trabecular meshwork (TM)-specific promoters, Chitinase 3-like 1 (Ch3L1) and matrix gla protein (MGP), for improving specificity and safety in glaucoma gene therapy based on self-complementary AAV2 (scAAV2) vector technologies.

Methods: An scAAV2 vector with C3 transferase (C3) as the reporter gene (scAAV2-C3) was selected. The scAAV2-C3 vectors were driven by Ch3L1 (scAAV2-Ch3L1-C3), MGP (scAAV2-MGP-C3), enhanced MGP (scAAV2-eMGP-C3) and cytomegalovirus (scAAV2-CMV-C3), respectively.

[Evolution of acupuncture techniques for diseases and the rise and fall of doctrine].

It has the important enlightenment and reference significance for the inheritance and innovation of (sinew/fascia) diseases and its theoretic basis, (muscle region of meridian) doctrine by sorting out the origin of the acupuncture techniques for diseases and exploring the root of its rise and fall. Using context analysis, overall investigation and practice test, the paper elaborates the basic concepts, e.g.

[Interpretation of China national standard (GB/T 12346-2021)].

To cooperate with the popularization and application of the China national standard (GB/T 12346 -2021), this study introduced the differences between the 2021 version and the 2006 version, and explained the principles of the revision and the changes in the standard name, terminology, definition and the expression of meridian points' body regions. In addition, the revision of the specific contents, including the adjustment of "bone proportional cun" of several meridian points and the revision basis of location of some meridian points were explained.

[The ancient literature source and flow of the point to point penetration acupuncture method].

It has been the consensus of the academic community that the doctor DOU Han-qing in Jin-Yuan Dynasty was the pioneer of point to point penetration acupuncture method.The contents of several texts in Yuan-Ming-Qing Dynasties were combed on the basis of (《》).The paradigm,the acupoints,basic elements and the characteristics of the main treatment of diseases were discussed,and the relationship between the point to point penetration acupuncture method with the penetration acupuncture method has been tried to distinguish from the perspective of technical philosophy.

[Footprints on the foundation road of Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in seventy years].

The exploration and representative achievements of Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences are reviewed during the past 70 years since its foundation in the basic research field, e.g. theoretic innovation, literature research, cultural relic study and museum construction, as well as acupuncture-moxibustion standardization.

[Masterpiece of reconstruction of theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine-revelation of 's ()].

For the first time, at the early Ming Dynasty, the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are integrated with clinical diagnosis and treatment system in () written by . Under this unified theoretical framework, the integration of acupuncture prescription with herbal medicine formula is achieved, thus, a complete reconstruction of theoretic system of TCM is accomplished. Such reconstruction brings an extensive and profound impact on the development of medicine in the Ming and Qing dynasties, even influences implicitly the compilation of modern TCM textbooks.

[Objective, approach and symbolic achievement of the standardization on extraordinary points].

Through sorting out the development of meridian points and the standardization of extraordinary points in dynasties, two objectives are discovered in the standardization of extraordinary points starting from the Tang Dynasty. The points with extraordinary effect are selected points and transferred to meridian points and the commonly-used key points are selected and developed to be standardized acupoints. Hence, 3 approaches are summarized.

[Evolution of the concept of extra ordinary point and standardization of related terms].

Through an analysis of the historical development of the concept of extra ordinary point, it is found that the terms of "Qi point" "extra ordinary point" "Loujing point" "extra meridian point" and "Bie point" used in the ancient medical books in the Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties actually expressed two different concepts of "extra ordinary points with the magical effects" and "extra points other than the meridian points". The standardized term for the former concept should be "extra ordinary point" (Qi point for short), and the standardized term for the latter concept should be "extra meridian point", which is also called "Loujing point" and "Bie point". Since these two different concepts are not clarified in modern acupuncture textbooks, especially the misreading of "Jing Wai", no consensus has been reached on the definition of "extra ordinary point" and "extra meridian point", and the standardized terms have not been decided, which changed from "extra ordinary point" to "Qi point" and "extra point" and recently returned to "extra ordinary point".

[Study on the biceps brachii microcirculation blood flow reserve capacity of the Chinese rowers].

Objective: To investigate the effect of chronic endurance exercise on microcirculatory reserve capacity of biceps brachii in Chinese rowers and provide a certain basis for the date standard foundation of monitoring of functional status and the foundation of database of reserve capacity of blood of Chinese rowers.

Methods: Empty stomach in the morning, 77 rowers from different groups and 24 common health people were noninvasive tested by using PeriFlux System 5000, the test indexes include the microcirculatory reserve capacity and other related indexes of biceps brachii. The test sites of all athletes were the same space in biceps brachii of the right side of body, there was no space differences of all athletes .

[On mistakes in contemporary literatures of extra points in China].

Contemporary literatures which are taken as the base of literature study of extra points are insufficient and lack of reliability. The foundation of study is very weak. Based on abundant firsthand materials, analyses are made on the major problems of confounded names and locations, unclear quotation and source of reference in the study of contemporary literatures of extra points.

[Study on the title of Chongbian Yijingxiaoxue].

Chongbian Yijingxiaoxue was compiled by Jitian Zongxun in 1590 - 1610. The existing editions included a carved edition and copied edition, then came the photocopy. There was a chapter entitled 'Loujing Xuefa' which recorded 29 extrameridian points.

[False dissemination of "treatment of hemorrhoids by acupuncture of Kongzui (LU 6)" and its unfavorable influence on modern acupuncture].

"Treatment of hemorrhoids by acupuncture of Kongzui (LU 6)" has been considered to be an example of new discovery in current clinical acupuncture practice and has produced a significant influence on domestic and foreign textbooks of acupuncturology and the health care of the people. After comprehensively analyzing this known saying, it was found that the so-called "new discovery" which has been inherited for decades of years is in fact derived from incorrect dissemination, being lack of evidence of both literature and clinical practice.

[Analysis of the nominations of acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine for inscription on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity].

The definition of intangible cultural heritage and the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in Convention for Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage is discussed. Nominations of elements should be prepared in accordence with the Guidelines provided in each section. The explaination methods and the determining process of the Nominations for Acupuncture and Moxibustion on the Representative List are analyzed, such as the name of the element, characteristics, identification and definition, value and safeguarding measures, photos and video of the element.

[Editorial explanation on the state standard The Name and Location of Acupoints (2006, edition)].

To tie in with extension and application of The Name and Location of Acupoints (GB 12346-2006), the present paper introduces the difference between The Name and Location of Acupoints (GB 12346-2006) and Location of Points (GB 12346-90), and expounds the changes of standard name, body position and term of direction when locating the acupoint and stylistic rules, and introduces the revision of concrete contents which include setting of primary standard acupoints, regulation of bone-length measurement, regulation of the nomenclature of some meridians and meridian acupoints, the location of some meridian acupoints and regulation of some acupoints, some main problems which needed to be further studied are also explores.

[Texture research on the circulating editions and it's composition of Dou tai shi zhen jing (the acupuncture canon of Dou tai shi)].

Dou tai shi zhen jing (the acupuncture canon of Dou tai shi) was an ancient book of acupuncture and moxibustion of Yuan dynasty which had two kinds of transcript of Qing dynasty and the Republic of China. The transcript of Qing dynasty entitled "Mi chao yang shi jia chuan zhen jing tu" (The secret note of acupuncture canon picture of Yang's family heritage). The transcript of the Republic of China was copied together with Yu long ge, so entitled Yu long ge.

[Identification and analysis on the error of Guanyuan (CV 4) point in Yulong Ge (Jade Dragon Verse)].

After investigation on the contents about Yulong Ge (Jade Dragon Verse) and Guanyuan (CV 4) in Chinese ancient medical works of the successive dynasties, the authors of the present paper found some errors of recording on CV4. In fact, Guanyuan (CV 4) in the current edition Yulong Ge should be the extra point Lanmen. The author hold that this error mainly results from similar writing in Chinese character, repeated copy, such as [Chinese characters: see text] etc.

[Acupuncture anesthesia' 50 years: beyond anesthesia and surgery].

Today, when acupuncture and surgery have been combined for a half century, the author of the present paper holds that the main role of acupuncture in whole process of the surgery does not only mean anesthesia. Getting this point consciously, the author points out that acupuncture will not only have a bigger role in the operating room, but also plays an important and far-reaching impact on the acupuncturology and even the whole life science.

[Introduction to Mr CHENG Dan-An and his works].

Mr CHENG Dan-an is a famous educationist and acupuncturist in modern China. He established the earliest acupuncture correspondence institution named Chinese Research Society of Acu-moxibustion. Meanwhile he founded the earliest professional magazine, Journal of Acu-moxibustion which played an important role in promoting redevelopment of acu-moxibustion.

[Discussion on the citation of acu-moxibustion treatment verses in textbook acupuncturology].

Verses on Acu-moxibustion Treatment have played an important role in the pervasion and spread of indications of acupoints. Abundant verses are widely cited in different versions of the textbook Acupuncturology for university and college students in China. Some contents about clinical indications of acupoints are even listed in partial verses.

[Basic factors for inducing divarication about the location of some acupoints].

The curative effect of acupuncture depends much on accurate location of acupoints. But, in the developmental course of Chinese acu-moxibustion medicine, some divarications about the location of acupoints have occurred for ages. In the process of formulating international standard of acupoint location, experts from China, Japan and Korea had different viewpoints about the location of 92 acupoints.

[Key problems for the study of standardization of acupoint indications].

The present paper analyzes 3 key problems influencing the study of standardization of acupoint indications, i.e. identification and selection of literatures, comprehensive usage of literatures, and selection of acupoint indications, and puts forward principles and methods for treating problems of this link through concrete samples.

[Standard expression of indications of acupoints].

The present paper systematically investigates basic characteristics and development law of acupoint indication expression, and put forward on the basis that expression standards based on standardization, expression style of acupoint indication expression reflecting acup-moxibustion own law, that is, summarization by treatment ranges and expression style by example of typical diseases.

[Combined application of surface anatomy, imageology and anthropometry to the study on standardization of acupoint location].

In the process of revising national standard of acupoint location and formulating international standard of acupoint location, the author of the present paper, using surface anatomy (a new branch of anatomy) and imageological methods, successfully solves some problems with which are difficult to dealt merely according to literature analysis, not only providing scientific evidence for formulating both national and international standards of acupoint location, but also uncovering scientific value of experience of surface anatomy accumulated systematically in Chinese ancient times and revealing its new vitality. It provides an extensive applied prospect for the development of surface anatomy.

[Summary of the research on Master Dou's Canon of Acupuncture].

Doutaishi Zhenjing ("[Chinese characters: see text]" Master DOU's Canon of Acupuncture) is a monograph on acupoints, without spreading widely. Now, there exist two manuscript writings, namely, Yang's Jiachuan Zhenjing Tuxiang ("[Chinese characters: see text]") YANG's Patrimonial Acupuncture Canon and Pictures) and Yulong Ge ("[Chinese characters: see text]") Jade Dragon Verse), but both are not complete. The maneuvers of acupuncture needle and indications of acupoints recorded in Master DOU's Canon of Acupuncture still have an important clinical significance in guiding current acupuncture practice.