Refraction difference value variations in children and adolescents with different refractive errors.

Aim: To evaluate the refraction difference value (RDV) variations in children and adolescents with different refractive errors and analyze its correlation with refractive development.

Methods: Participants aged 4-16y with different refractive statuses (hyperopia, emmetropia, myopia) underwent comprehensive eye examinations, including spherical equivalent (SE) refraction, axial length (AL), total RDV (TRDV), and RDVs at various eccentricities (0°-15°, 15°-30°, 30°-45°) and quadrants (inferior, superior, nasal, temporal). Statistical analysis involved one-way ANOVA for group comparisons and Pearson correlation for examining relationships between SE/AL and RDVs.

Orthokeratology in adults and effect on quality of life.

Objective: To determine changes in various ocular parameters of adults wearing orthokeratology (ortho-k) lenses and their levels of satisfaction and quality of life (QoL) after commencing treatment.

Methods: Adults aged 18-38 years, with mild to moderate myopia and astigmatism < 1.50D, were wearing ortho-k lenses for one year.

[Observational Comparison of the Safety and Effectiveness of Myopic Children Wearing Defocus Incorporated Soft Contact Lenses or Orthokeratology Lenses].

Objective: To observe and compare the effectiveness and safety of controlling myopia in children by wearing defocus incorporated soft contact (DISC) lenses or orthokeratology (OrthoK) lenses.

Methods: A total of 75 children who came to our hospital between January 2018 and September 2020 were enrolled for this retrospective study. The DISC group consisted of 30 myopic children (60 eyes) wearing peripheral defocal soft incorporated contact lenses during daytime.

[Analysis of Characteristic Eye Movement Behaviors of Young Adults with Different Degrees of Myopia].

Objective: To measure the parameters of eye movement of young adult patients of myopia, to compare the differences in the parameters of patient groups with varied degrees of myopia, and to analyze the correlation between eye movement parameters and axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent refraction (SER).

Methods: A total of 91 young adult patients of myopia were recruited. The subjects were divided into three groups of low, moderate, and high myopia according to their SER.

Investigation of retinal microvasculature and choriocapillaris in adolescent myopic patients with astigmatism undergoing orthokeratology.

Background: To observe alterations of fundus microcirculation and retinal thickness in adolescent myopic patients with astigmatism after toric and spherical orthokeratology using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), to explore the effects of orthokeratology on the retinal thickness and choroidal blood flow.

Methods: A total of 48 patients were enrolled and divided into two group (toric orthokeratology (T) group and spherical orthokeratology (S) group) according to the type of lens design. OCTA was used to measure the superficial and deep retinal vessel densities at the macular region, radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) density, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, and choriocapillaris (ChC) perfusion area before and after orthokeratology for 3 months.

Features and changes in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in high myopic ocular hypertension: a 1-year prospective follow-up.

Purpose: To observe the features and changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in highly myopic ocular hypertension (HM-OHT) patients.

Study Design: Prospective observation study.

Methods: Individuals who met the inclusion criteria were recruited into three groups: the healthy high myopia (HM), non-highly myopic ocular hypertension (OHT) and HM-OHT group.

[Primary Diseases of 393 Cases of Pediatric Retinal Detachment and the Distribution of Clinical Characteristics].

Objective: To investigate the primary diseases and the distribution of the clinical characteristics of pediatric retinal detachment.

Methods: Clinical records of patients aged 0-14 years old who had retinal detachment and who were hospitalized at the Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University between January 2015 and December 2020, were retrospectively analyzed. The information on the demographic data, history, the scope of retinal detachment, and prognosis was retrieved and documented.

[Prospective Study on Corneal Safety Evaluation of Children/Adolescents with Low and Moderate Myopia after Long-Term Orthokeratology].

Objective: To observe the possible changes in the integrity of the cornea and corneal endothelial cells of children/adolescents with low or moderate myopia after long-term wearing of orthokeratology (ortho-k) lenses, as well as the time when the relevant changes occur, so as to evaluate the safety of long-term wearing of ortho-k lens and to provide a reference for the safety evaluation of subjects wearing ortho-k lenses.

Methods: Subjects were recruited in the Contact Lens Clinic, West China Hospital, Sichuan University for a three-year prospective study. Ortho-k of the same brand was matched for the subjects.

[Relationship between Myopia and Light Exposure].

Epidemiological studies found that the incidence of myopia was increasing year by year and the age of onset of myopia was showing a trend of affecting increasingly younger children. Reducing the occurrence of myopia and controlling the increase of myopia diopter have always been the focus of research on the prevention and control of myopia. Large randomized controlled clinical trials have found that outdoor activities can effectively reduce the incidence of myopia and delay the progression of myopia.

The Effect of A2E on the Uptake and Release of Calcium in the Lysosomes and Mitochondria of Human RPE Cells Exposed to Blue Light.

We aimed to explore the effect of N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E) on the uptake and release of calcium in lysosomes and mitochondria by establishing a model of human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell injury induced by exposure to blue light. Primary human RPE cells were cultured from passages 4 to 6 and exposed to blue light at an intensity of 2000 ± 500 lux for 6 hours. After blue light exposure, the culture was maintained for 24 hours.

A Meta-Analysis of Alterations in the Retina and Choroid in High Myopia Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Background: High myopia (HM) is a risk factor for several pathological structural changes in retinal and choroidal thickness or vessel. To date, changes in retinal and choroidal microvasculature circulations in HM have yielded inconsistent results.

Objectives: The objective of this article was to evaluate alterations in retinal and choroidal thickness, and capillary microvasculature using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in HM.

[Significant Increase in Astigmatism after Cycloplegia in Two Children].

Two cases with high corneal astigmatism and mixed astigmatism were reported. Both cases showed significantly increased astigmatism after cycloplegia. Combined with the patients' refractive error, corneal topography and wavefront aberration changes, the possible causes were analyzed.

[The Influence of Short-term Orthokeratology on Tear Film in Adult Myope].

Objective: To study the changes of tear film after short-term overnight orthokeratology wearing in adult myope.

Methods: Fifty adult myope aged 18 to 38 years old were enrolled in this study. The patients wore orthokeratology 6-10 h every night during this study.

Functional significance of stereopsis in professional table-tennis players.

Background: Stereopsis is the most important part of depth perception, especially in athletic population. At present, there are few studies on how to comprehensively evaluate athletes' stereoscopic function and how the impairment of stereoscopic function affects sports performance.

Methods: Twenty-two professional table-tennis players from Sichuan Province Team were recruited as player group and 23 age-matched students were recruited as the controls.

[Motion-in-depth Perception and Static Stereopsis of Patients with Strabismics].

Objective: To determine the role of motion-in-depth perception and static stereopsis in strabismics, and factors associated with the perception of motion-in-depth.

Methods: A total of 84 strabismic patients (including 57 intermittent exotropes, 12 constant exotropes and 15 esotropes) and 16 normal controls were recruited. Binocular fusion ability, static stereopsis and motion-in-depth perception were tested using the computer-generated stereoscopic stimuli.

[Efficacy of Superior Rectus and Lateral Rectus Muscle Belly Union Surgery for Myopic Strabismus Fixus].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of superior rectus (SR) and lateral rectus (LR) union suture without scleral fixation for the treatment of myopic strabismus fixus.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 27 eyes of 16 patients who underwent lateral part of SR and superior part of LR muscle belly union between January 2010 and October 2015. We collected the ocular data including: best corrected visual acuity,axial length,CT or MRI images,orthoptic measurements (by prism test),and eye movements pre- and postoperatively.

Isotope-coded protein label based quantitative proteomic analysis reveals significant up-regulation of apolipoprotein A1 and ovotransferrin in the myopic chick vitreous.

This study used isotope-coded protein label (ICPL) quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analysis to examine changes in vitreous protein content and associated pathways during lens-induced eye growth. First, the vitreous protein profile of normal 7-day old chicks was characterized by nano-liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 341 unique proteins were identified.

Genetic Association Study of Polymorphisms with High Myopia.

Identification of genetic variations related to high myopia may advance our knowledge of the etiopathogenesis of refractive error. This study investigated the role of potassium channel gene polymorphisms in high myopia. We performed a case-control study of 1563 unrelated Han Chinese subjects (809 cases of high myopia and 754 emmetropic controls).

Post-translational modifications and their applications in eye research (Review).

Gene expression is the process by which genetic information is used for the synthesis of a functional gene product, and ultimately regulates cell function. The increase of biological complexity from genome to proteome is vast, and the post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins contribute to this complexity. The study of protein expression and PTMs has attracted attention in the post‑genomic era.

[Visual performance of amblyopia before and after correcting higher order aberrations with adaptive optics system].

Objective: To investigate visual performance of monocular amblyopia before and after correcting higher order aberrations (HOAs) with adaptive optics system.

Methods: Visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity (CS) thresholds of ten monocular amblyopes were measured before and after correcting higher order aberrations with adaptive optics system. The change of them were analyzed.

Association between lumican gene -1554 T/C polymorphism and high myopia in Asian population: a meta-analysis.

Aim: To investigate the association between lumican gene -1554 T/C polymorphism and high myopia susceptibility.

Methods: We searched the published literature in the Medline, Embase, and CBM databases from inception to July 2013. A meta-analysis was performed by the programs RevMan 5.

The expression of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in visual cortex-17 in normal visual development and formation of anisometropic amblyopia.

Aims: To document the expression of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in the visual cortex-17 of kittens with anisometropic amblyopia, and to investigate the relationship between VIP and the development of the visual system.

Methods: Sixteen normal kittens (4-wk of age) were randomly divided into two groups: control and amblyopic. Amblyopia was produced by atropinization of one eye in eight kittens.

Relationship between higher-order aberrations and myopia progression in schoolchildren: a retrospective study.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between higher-order aberration (HOA) and myopic progression in school children.

Methods: Between April 23, 2011 and August 29, 2011 in the children's myopia outpatient clinic of the West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 148 eyes of 74 schoolchildren were reviewed. HOAs for a 6-mm pupil were measured with an aberrometer.