Oxygen-Flow-Pressure Targets for Resuscitation in Critical Hemodynamic Therapy.

Far from traditional "vital signs," the field of hemodynamic monitoring (HM) is rapidly developing. However, it is also easy to misunderstand hemodynamic therapy as merely HM and some concrete bundles or guidelines for circulation support. Here, we describe the concept of "critical hemodynamic therapy" and clarify the concepts of the "therapeutic target" and "therapeutic endpoint" in clinical practice.

The Prognostic Value of Central Venous-to-Arterial CO2 Difference/Arterial-Central Venous O2 Difference Ratio in Septic Shock Patients with Central Venous O2 Saturation ≥80.

Background: It is a great challenge for physician to assess the relationship between O2 delivery and O2 consumption in septic shock patients with high ScvO2. Recently, the venous-to-arterial CO2 difference/arterial-central venous O2 difference ratio (P(v-a)CO2/C(a-v)O2) has shown potential for reflecting anaerobic metabolism. Therefore, we evaluated the value of using the P(v-a)CO2/C(a-v)O2 ratio to predict mortality and assess anaerobic metabolism in septic shock patients with high ScvO2 (≥ 80%).

Role of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cell-1 Expression in Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Modulation of CD8 T-cell Differentiation during the Immune Response to Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis.

Background: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (TREM-1) may play a vital role in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) modulation of CD8+ T-cell differentiation through the transcription factors T-box expressed in T-cells and eomesodermin during the immune response to invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). This study aimed to investigate whether the mTOR signaling pathway modulates the proliferation and differentiation of CD8+ T-cells during the immune response to IPA and the role TREM-1 plays in this process.

Methods: Cyclophosphamide (CTX) was injected intraperitoneally, and Aspergillus fumigatus spore suspension was inoculated intranasally to establish the immunosuppressed IPA mouse model.

Monitoring Changes in Hepatic Venous Velocities Flow after a Fluid Challenge Can Identify Shock Patients Who Lack Fluid Responsiveness.

Background: Evaluating the hemodynamic status and predicting fluid responsiveness are important in critical ultrasound assessment of shock patients. Transthoracic echocardiography with noninvasive diagnostic parameters allows the assessment of volume responsiveness. This study aimed to assess the hemodynamic changes in the liver and systemic hemodynamic changes during fluid challenge and during passive leg raising (PLR) by measuring hepatic venous flow (HVF) velocity.

Effect of Annealing on Exciton Diffusion in a High Performance Small Molecule Organic Photovoltaic Material.

Singlet exciton diffusion was studied in the efficient organic photovoltaic electron donor material DTS(FBTTh). Three complementary time-resolved fluorescence measurements were performed: quenching in planar heterojunctions with an electron acceptor, exciton-exciton annihilation, and fluorescence depolarization. The average exciton diffusivity increases upon annealing from 1.

Elevated Mean Airway Pressure and Central Venous Pressure in the First Day of Mechanical Ventilation Indicated Poor Outcome.

Objectives: The relationship between respiratory mechanical parameters and hemodynamic variables remains unclear. This study was performed to determine whether mean airway pressure and central venous pressure in the first day of mechanical ventilation are associated with patient outcomes.

Design: Retrospective first 24-hour comparison during ICU stay.

A genetic study of the regeneration capacity of embryonic callus from the maize immature embryo culture.

We carried out a study of regeneration capacities of embryonic callus from maize immature embryo culture with 144 different inbred lines of natural groups from different countries, and found that the regeneration capacity was affected by three factors: environment, genotype and the interaction between the environment and genotype. We found that green embryonic callus rate (GCR), embryonic callus differentiating rate (CDR) and the plantlet number of embryonic callus regeneration (CPN) have significant positive correlations with each other, and they all have significant negative correlations with embryonic callus browning rate (CBR). Moreover, embryonic callus cloning index for the first subculture (CCI1) and embryonic callus cloning index for the second subculture (CCI2) have a significant positive correlation with each other, and CCI2 is positively correlated with green GCR, and is negatively correlated with CBR.

Use of stepwise lactate kinetics-oriented hemodynamic therapy could improve the clinical outcomes of patients with sepsis-associated hyperlactatemia.

Background: Setting lactate kinetics at >30% might improve the clinical outcomes of patients with sepsis-associated hyperlactatemia. The aim of this study was to explore the outcome benefits of stepwise lactate kinetics vs central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO)-oriented hemodynamic therapy at 6 h as the protocol goal during early resuscitation.

Methods: The relevant parameters and adverse events after different targets in 360 randomly assigned patients with sepsis-associated hyperlactatemia were recorded and compared.

Channel-selective wavelength conversion of quadrature amplitude modulation signal using a graphene-assisted silicon microring resonator.

Compact and flexible all-optical signal processing is highly desirable in future optical networks for its high-speed processing without optical-electrical-optical conversion. Recent progress of silicon photonics and graphene has driven the increasing research interest of ultra-compact highly efficient chip-scale all-optical signal processing. In this Letter, by exploiting a graphene-silicon microring resonator (GSMR), we propose and experimentally demonstrate channel-selective wavelength conversion of multi-channel quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals.

Progesterone-Induced miR-152 Inhibits the Proliferation of Endometrial Epithelial Cells by Downregulating WNT-1.

Progesterone (P4) is an important ovarian hormone that inhibits estrogen-dependent proliferation of endometrial epithelial cells (EECs). miR-152 has been reported to be a cell cycle regulator. In this study, we first demonstrated that P4 induced the expression of miR-152 in ovariectomized mice and Ishikawa cell.

Photonic crystal nanocavity assisted rejection ratio tunable notch microwave photonic filter.

Driven by the increasing demand on handing microwave signals with compact device, low power consumption, high efficiency and high reliability, it is highly desired to generate, distribute, and process microwave signals using photonic integrated circuits. Silicon photonics offers a promising platform facilitating ultracompact microwave photonic signal processing assisted by silicon nanophotonic devices. In this paper, we propose, theoretically analyze and experimentally demonstrate a simple scheme to realize ultracompact rejection ratio tunable notch microwave photonic filter (MPF) based on a silicon photonic crystal (PhC) nanocavity with fixed extinction ratio.

Respiratory and Cardiac Characteristics of ICU Patients Aged 90 Years and Older: A Report of 12 Cases.

Objective To investigate the respiratory and cardiac characteristics of elderly Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients.Methods Twelve senior ICU patients aged 90 years and older were enrolled in this study. We retrospectively collected all patients' clinical data through medical record review.

FoxO1 interacts with transcription factor EB and differentially regulates mitochondrial uncoupling proteins via autophagy in adipocytes.

Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are inducible and play an important role in metabolic and redox homeostasis. Recent studies have suggested that FoxO1 controls mitochondrial biogenesis and morphology, but it remains largely unknown how FoxO1 may regulate mitochondrial UCPs. Here we show that FoxO1 interacted with transcription factor EB (Tfeb), a key regulator of autophagosome and lysosome, and mediated the expression of UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3 differentially via autophagy in adipocytes.

Diagnosis of Sepsis with Cell-free DNA by Next-Generation Sequencing Technology in ICU Patients.

Background And Aims: Bacteremia is a common serious manifestation of disease in the intensive care unit (ICU), which requires quick and accurate determinations of pathogens to select the appropriate antibiotic treatment. To overcome the shortcomings of traditional bacterial culture (BC), we have adapted next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to identify pathogens from cell-free plasma DNA.

Methods: In this study, 78 plasma samples from ICU patients were analyzed by both NGS and BC methods and verified by PCR amplification/Sanger sequencing and ten plasma samples from healthy volunteers were analyzed by NGS as negative controls to define or calibrate the threshold of the NGS methodology.

Long-term treatment of spontaneously hypertensive rats with PD123319 and electrophysiological remodeling of left ventricular myocardium.

To investigate the effects of PD123319, an antagonist of angiotensin II subtype-2 receptor (AT2R), on the electrophysiological characteristics of the left ventricular hypertrophic myocardium in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). A total of twenty-four 10-week-old male SHR were divided into two groups: PD123319 and non-PD123319 groups (n = 12 in each). Twelve 10-week-old Wistar-Kyoto rats served as the control group.

Graphene-assisted multiple-input high-base optical computing.

We propose graphene-assisted multiple-input high-base optical computing. We fabricate a nonlinear optical device based on a fiber pigtail cross-section coated with a single-layer graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. An approach to implementing modulo 4 operations of three-input hybrid addition and subtraction of quaternary base numbers in the optical domain using multiple non-degenerate four-wave mixing (FWM) processes in graphene coated optical fiber device and (differential) quadrature phase-shift keying ((D)QPSK) signals is presented.

Discovery of (R,E)-N-(7-Chloro-1-(1-[4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enoyl]azepan-3-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-2-methylisonicotinamide (EGF816), a Novel, Potent, and WT Sparing Covalent Inhibitor of Oncogenic (L858R, ex19del) and Resistant (T790M) EGFR Mutants for the Treatment of EGFR Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancers.

Over the past decade, first and second generation EGFR inhibitors have significantly improved outcomes for lung cancer patients with activating mutations in EGFR. However, both resistance through a secondary T790M mutation at the gatekeeper residue and dose-limiting toxicities from wild-type (WT) EGFR inhibition ultimately limit the full potential of these therapies to control mutant EGFR-driven tumors and new therapies are urgently needed. Herein, we describe our approach toward the discovery of 47 (EGF816, nazartinib), a novel, covalent mutant-selective EGFR inhibitor with equipotent activity on both oncogenic and T790M-resistant EGFR mutations.

Crosstalk between cystine and glutathione is critical for the regulation of amino acid signaling pathways and ferroptosis.

Although essential amino acids regulate mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and the integrated stress response (ISR), the role of cysteine is unknown. We found that in hepatoma HepG2 cells, cystine (oxidized form of cysteine) activated mTORC1 and suppressed the ISR. Cystine deprivation induced GSH efflux and extracellular degradation, which aimed to restore cellular cysteine.

Efficacy and Safety of Esmolol in Treatment of Patients with Septic Shock.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that β1-receptor blockers benefit septic shock patients. This study aimed to determine whether β1-receptor blockers benefit tissue perfusion in sepsis and to identify parameters to reduce the risk of this drug in sepsis.

Methods: Consecutive septic shock patients were recruited from the Intensive Care Unit of Peking Union Medical College Hospital within 48 h of diagnosis.

[Effects of critical ultrasonic management of Peking Union Medical College Hospital on the etiological diagnosis of patients with acute respiratory failure].

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value and potential therapeutic impact of Peking Union Medical College Hospital critical ultrasonic management (PCUM) in the early management of critically ill patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).

Methods: Patients admitted into the ICU of Peking Union Medical College Hospital for ARF were consecutively recruited over a 18-month period. Patients were randomly divided into conventional group and PCUM group (critical care ultrasonic examination was added in addition to conventional examinations).

FoxO1 antagonist suppresses autophagy and lipid droplet growth in adipocytes.

Obesity and related metabolic disorders constitute one of the most pressing heath concerns worldwide. Increased adiposity is linked to autophagy upregulation in adipose tissues. However, it is unknown how autophagy is upregulated and contributes to aberrant adiposity.

Assessment of Lung Recruitment by Electrical Impedance Tomography and Oxygenation in ARDS Patients.

We hypothesized that not all patients with appreciably recruited lung tissue during a recruitment maneuver (RM) show significant improvement of oxygenation. In the present study, we combined electrical impedance tomography (EIT) with oxygenation measurements to examine the discrepancies of lung ventilation and perfusion versus oxygenation after RM.A 2-minute RM (20 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure [PEEP] + 20 cm H2O pressure control) was prospectively conducted in 20 acute respiratory distress syndrome patients from January 2014 to December 2014.

Role of sTREM-1 in predicting mortality of infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Several studies have investigated the prognostic value of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) in patients with infection. However, the result was controversial. Thus, the purpose of the present meta-analysis was to determine the prognostic value of the sTREM-1 level in predicting mortality at the initial stage of infection.