Therapeutic efficacy of orthokeratology lenses with different back optic zone diameters in myopia control: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study evaluates the efficacy of orthokeratology lenses with different back optic zone diameters (BOZD) in controlling myopia progression among adolescents.

Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a systematic search was performed across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Scopus, Ovid, CBM, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang. Inclusion criteria encompassed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled studies comparing the effectiveness of orthokeratology lenses with various BOZD designs for myopia control in adolescents.

Directed synthesis of N1/N3-histidine modified by 2-hydroxyethylthioethyl and identification in sulfur mustard-exposed plasma.

Sulfur mustard (HD) alkylates biomolecules such as proteins, generating specific biomarkers. This study employs steric hindrance, electronic effects, and solvent effects through an occupancy-removal strategy to synthesize regioisomers [N1-HETE]-His and [N3-HETE]-His, overcoming isomer separation challenges in conventional methods. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP)'s critical role in directing HD's regioselective alkylation: HFIP modulates steric and electronic environments to preferentially target N1 or N3 sites of histidine imidazole rings, with predictions validated experimentally.

Genome assembly of Stewartia sinensis reveals origin and evolution of orphan genes in Theaceae.

Orphan genes play crucial roles in diverse biological processes, but the evolutionary trajectories and functional divergence remain largely unexplored. The Theaceae family, including the economically and culturally important tea plant, offers a distinctive model to examine these aspects. Here, we integrated Nanopore long-read sequencing, Illumina short-read sequencing, and Hi-C methods to decode a pseudo-chromosomal genome assembly of Stewartia sinensis, from the earliest-diverging tribe of Theaceae, spanning 2.

Analysing the correlation between differential corneal thickness along principal meridians and corneal astigmatism: implications for whole-eye astigmatism.

Objective: This study aimed to analyse the correlation between corneal astigmatism and disparity in corneal thickness.

Methods: In this retrospective analysis, data from 342 patients (684 eyes) were collected. The Sirius three-dimensional corneal topography system was utilised to ascertain the mean corneal thickness of the meridians.

Multicolor Emission in Indium-Doped Amorphous Boron Nitride Integrated on Silicon for Self-Biased and High-Speed Photodetection.

Boron nitride (BN), as an emergent wide-bandgap material, is gaining considerable attention as a solid-state deep ultraviolet source and quantum emitter from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared spectral ranges. However, studies of the defect structure of BN and efforts at scalable BN emitters in photonic devices are limited. Controlling the BN doping is of particular interest in view of the light emission of defects.

U3UNet: An accurate and reliable segmentation model for forest fire monitoring based on UAV vision.

Forest fires pose a serious threat to the global ecological environment, and the critical steps in reducing the impact of fires are fire warning and real-time monitoring. Traditional monitoring methods, like ground observation and satellite sensing, were limited by monitoring coverage or low spatio-temporal resolution, making it difficult to meet the needs for precise shape of fire sources. Therefore, we propose an accurate and reliable forest fire monitoring segmentation model U3UNet based on UAV vision, which uses a nested U-shaped structure for feature fusion at different scales to retain important feature information.

Enhanced Integration of Single-Cell Multi-Omics Data Using Graph Attention Networks.

The continuous advancement of single-cell multimodal omics (scMulti-omics) technologies offers unprecedented opportunities to measure various modalities, including RNA expression, protein abundance, gene perturbation, DNA methylation, and chromatin accessibility at single-cell resolution. These advances hold significant potential for breakthroughs by integrating diverse omics modalities. However, the data generated from different omics layers often face challenges due to high dimensionality, heterogeneity, and sparsity, which can adversely impact the accuracy and efficiency of data integration analyses.

TDO2 + cancer-associated fibroblasts mediate cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma immune escape via impeding infiltration of CD8 + T cells.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer, originating from the malignant proliferation of squamous epithelial cells. However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. To further explore the mechanisms underlying cSCC, we analyzed the data from one single-cell RNA sequencing study and discovered a significant upregulation of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2) in the cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs).

E2F1-driven CENPM expression promotes glycolytic reprogramming and tumorigenicity in glioblastoma.

Centromere protein M (CENPM), traditionally associated with chromosome segregation, is now recognized for its significant role in cancer biology. Particularly in glioblastoma (GBM), where less is known about CENPM compared to other centromere proteins (CENPs), it appears crucially involved in regulating tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metabolic reprogramming-key factors in GBM's aggressiveness. Initial analyses using the GEPIA database (TCGA/GTEx datasets) reveal distinct patterns of CENPM expression in GBM, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target.

Prolamin-pectin complexes: Structural properties, interaction mechanisms and food applications.

Prolamin, a class of plant protein mainly derived from grains, and pectins, complex-structured polysaccharides, are natural biological macromolecules with versatile functional properties. The interactions between prolamins and pectin have been widely studied and applied, demonstrating that both covalent and non-covalent interactions play pivotal roles in the formation of prolamin-pectin complexes. These interactions impart exceptional physicochemical and functional properties to the complexes.

Comparative analysis of a novel spectral-domain OCT biometer versus swept-source OCT or OLCR biometer in healthy pediatric ocular biometry.

With the advancements in ocular biometric technology, there have been significant improvements in accurately and efficiently measuring ocular parameters. The aim of this study is to compare the reliability of biometric parameters obtained using a new frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) biometer with the measurements obtained from swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) and optical low coherence reflectometry (OLCR) biometers. This study employed an observational cross-sectional design.

COVID-19-induced granulomatosis with polyangiitis: A case report of a 16-year-old East Asian and literature review.

Objective: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is divided into granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis, and eosinophilic GPA. It is one of the most severe and potentially fatal autoimmune inflammatory conditions. The etiology and pathology of AAV are complex and poorly understood.

Form-deprivation myopia promotes sclera M2-type macrophages polarization in mice.

Purpose: To explore the phenotype of sclera macrophages in form-deprivation (FD) myopia mice and the effects of M2 macrophage in FD myopia development.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were under 2 weeks of unilateral FD treatment. and they were separated into two groups, including an intraperitoneally injected(IP) vehicle group and Panobinostat (LBH589) (10 mg/kg per body weight) treatment group.

Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Rare Earth Elements in Carboniferous-Permian Coals at the Eastern Margin of the Ordos Basin.

This article used Carboniferous-Permian coals from the Jungar, Hedong, and Weibei Coalfields in the east of the Ordos Basin as research samples. Characteristics of coal quality, petrology, mineralogy, and geochemistry were analyzed by proximate analysis, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy-energy spectrum analysis, and incident light microscope. The enrichment regulations, distribution patterns, and occurrences of REY (rare earth element and yttrium) in coal under different geological conditions were compared.

Mining of neurological adverse events associated with valbenazine: A post-marketing analysis based on FDA adverse event reporting system.

Purpose: Valbenazine is commonly used to treat tardive dyskinesia, and we conducted a pharmacovigilance analysis using the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to evaluate neurological safety signals associated with valbenazine.

Methods: Data was collected in FAERS from the second quarter of 2017 to the fourth quarter of 2023 for data cleaning. Neurological adverse event (AE) signals of valbenazine were mined by calculating reporting odds ratios (ROR), information component (IC) and empirical Bayesian geometric mean (EBGM).

Echinatin suppresses cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by targeting GSTM3-mediated ferroptosis.

Background: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common skin cancers for which effective drugs are urgently needed. Echinatin, a natural compound extracted from Glycyrrhiza plants, has shown promising antitumour effects. However, the efficacy and the direct target of echinatin in cSCC remain unclear.

Accuracy of dynamic navigation compared to static surgical guides and the freehand approach in implant placement: a prospective clinical study.

Background: Computer-guided implant surgery has improved the quality of implant treatment by facilitating the placement of implants in a more accurate manner. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of implant placement in a clinical setting using three techniques: dynamic navigation, static surgical guides, and freehand placement. We also investigated potential factors influencing accuracy to provide a comprehensive evaluation of each technique's advantages and disadvantages.

Genome-wide identification, molecular evolution and gene expression of P450 gene family in Cyrtotrachelus buqueti.

Background: Insect Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYPs or P450s) plays an important role in detoxifying insecticides, causing insect populations to develop resistance. However, the molecular functions of P450 gene family in Cyrtotrachelus buqueti genome are still lacking.

Results: In this study, 71 CbuP450 genes have been identified.

Causal effects of sleep traits on metabolic syndrome and its components: a Mendelian randomization study.

Purpose: Previous observational studies have suggested an association between sleep disturbance and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, it remains unclear whether this association is causal. This study aims to investigate the causal effects of sleep-related traits on MetS using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Causal association of rheumatoid arthritis with frailty and the mediation role of inflammatory cytokines: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous observational studies have suggested the association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and frailty. However, it remains obscure whether this association is causal. This study aims to investigate the causal association of RA with frailty and the mediation effect of inflammatory cytokines using Mendelian randomization (MR) design.

Dipolar Chemical Bridge Induced CsPbI Perovskite Solar Cells with 21.86 % Efficiency.

CsPbI perovskite receives tremendous attention for photovoltaic applications due to its ideal band gap and good thermal stability. However, CsPbI perovskite solar cells (PSCs) significantly suffer from photovoltage deficits because of serious interfacial energy losses within the PSCs, which to a large extent affects the photovoltaic performance of PSCs. Herein, a dipolar chemical bridge (DCB) is constructed between the perovskite and TiO layers to lower interfacial energy losses and thus improve the charge extraction of PSCs.

Massive hemoptysis in pregnancy treated by ECMO combined with electronic bronchoscopy: A case report.

Background: Massive hemoptysis during pregnancy is very rare. Dieulafoy's disease is one of the causes of massive hemoptysis. There are few reports of ECMO use to treat massive hemoptysis during pregnancy.

Effective sequential combined therapy with carboplatin and a CDC7 inhibitor in ovarian cancer.

Background: The enhancement of DNA damage repair is one of the important mechanisms of platinum resistance. Protein cell division cycle 7 (CDC7) is a conserved serine/threonine kinase that plays important roles in the initiation of DNA replication and is associated with chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer. However, whether the CDC7 inhibitor XL413 has antitumor activity against ovarian cancer and its relationship with chemosensitivity remain poorly elucidated.

Effects of dietary citrus pulp level on the growth and intestinal health of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).

Background: Citrus pulp (CP) is rich in pectin, and studies have shown that pectin possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and gut microbiota-regulating properties. However, the application of CP in aquafeed is limited. In this study, the effect of dietary inclusion of CP on the intestinal health of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) was investigated.