Manganese-based nanoenzymes: from catalytic chemistry to design principle and antitumor/antibacterial therapy.

Manganese (Mn)-based materials have been extensively investigated for a wide range of biomedical applications owing to their remarkable catalytic chemistry, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) capacity, biodegradability, low toxicity, and good biosafety. In this review, we first elaborate on the catalytic principle of Mn-based nanoenzymes for antitumor and antibacterial therapy, followed by a comprehensive discussion of the interesting structural design engineering strategies used to achieve multi-dimensional Mn-based nanoarchitectures, such as zero-dimensional (0D) nanoparticles, 1D nanotubes, 2D nanosheets, 3D hollow porous Mn ball, and core-shell nanostructures. Moreover, the therapeutic applications of different Mn-based nanoenzymes, including manganese dioxide (MnO)-based nanoenzymes that can trigger catalytic reactions, Mn-doped metal nanoenzymes and Mn-coordinated nanoenzymes that promote hydroxyl/reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and MnO-based micro/nanorobots that can effectively penetrate tumor tissues, are critically reviewed.

Curcumin-enhanced NIR-II-responsive gold nanobipyramids for targeted HSP 90 inhibition.

Blockade of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) expression in multimodal synergistic therapy has a great prospect for cancer treatment. Nanomaterials combined with bioinformatic analysis provides accurate guidance for the design of anti-HSP90 nanomedicines. Herein, a NIR-II-responsive nanoplatform was developed under bioinformatics guided to effectly inhibit HSP90 for enhanced synergistic mild-photothermal chemotherapy without any notable tissue damage.

Risk factors for post-stroke spasticity: a retrospective study.

Background: Post-stroke spasticity (PSS) is a common complication after stroke and is an important cause of high rates of disability after stroke. At present, modern medicine has made great progress in the treatment of PSS, 'early detection, early treatment' has become a general consensus for the treatment of PSS in the clinic. Clarifying the risk factors of PSS can help to detect and treat the functional disorders caused by PSS at an earlier stage.

Lu Radiolabeled Polydopamine Decorated with Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor for Locoregional Treatment of Glioma.

Radionuclide therapy is expected to be a powerful tool for glioma treatment. Here, we introduced a novel nuclear nanomedicine based on polydopamine (PDA), incorporating fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) and macrocyclic chelator (DOTA) for specific cancer targeting and Lu labeling. The synthesized nanoradiopharmaceutical, Lu-DOTA-PEG-PDA-FAPI, exhibits good stability in serum, saline and PBS over 5 days.

A Multifunctional Low-Temperature Photothermal Nanomedicine for Melanoma Treatment via the Oxidative Stress Pathway Therapy.

Purpose: Melanoma is a highly aggressive and dangerous malignant skin tumor and there is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic approaches against melanoma. The main objective of this study was to construct a multifunctional nanomedicine (GNR@PEG-Qu) to investigate its therapeutic effect on melanoma from the oxidative stress pathway.

Methods: First, the nanomedicine GNR@PEG-Qu was synthesized and characterized, and its photothermal and antioxidant properties were confirmed.

Strong Affinity between Astatine and Silver: An Available Approach to Anchoring At in Nanocarrier for Locoregional Oncotherapy.

Recently, At-related endoradiotherapy has emerged as an important oncotherapy strategy. Conjugating At with a nanocarrier provides a vital candidate for radionuclide therapy of various malignant tumors. In this study, we proposed utilizing the intrinsically high affinity of heavy halogens and sulfhydryl compounds for metallic silver to achieve highly efficient conjugation between At and Ag-based nanoparticles in a simple way.

A CRISPR/Cas12a-powered gold/nickel foam surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy biosensor for nucleic acid specific detection in foods.

Food is a necessary source of energy, but it also serves as a pathway for transmitting infectious pathogens, making food safety a matter of great concern. Rapid, accurate, and specific detection methods for foodborne viruses are crucial. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), due to its superior sensitivity and characteristic fingerprint spectra, holds enormous potential.

Promotion of apoptosis in melanoma cells by taxifolin through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway: Screening of natural products using WGCNA and CMAP platforms.

Melanoma is a skin cancer originating from melanocytes. The global incidence rate of melanoma is rapidly increasing, posing significant public health challenges. Identifying effective therapeutic agents is crucial in addressing this growing problem.

Manganese self-boosting hollow nanoenzymes with glutathione depletion for synergistic cancer chemo-chemodynamic therapy.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has outstanding potential as a combination therapy to treat cancer. However, the effectiveness of CDT in the treatment of solid tumors is limited by the overexpression of glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). GSH overexpression diminishes oxidative stress and attenuates chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis in cancer cells.

Preparation of Medical Th-Ra Radionuclide Generator Based on SiO@TiO Microspheres.

Ra ( = 3.63 d), an α-emitting radionuclide, holds significant promise in cancer endoradiotherapy. Current Ra-related therapy is still scarce because of the lack of reliable radionuclide supply.

Orientin alleviates the inflammatory response in psoriasis like dermatitis in BALB/c mice by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway.

Background: Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory condition of the skin, is characterized by an atypical proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes and immune cell infiltration. Orientin is a flavonoid monomer with potent anti-inflammatory activities. However, the therapeutic effects of orientin on psoriasis and the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated.

NR5A2 promotes malignancy progression and mediates the effect of cisplatin in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Nuclear receptor subfamily five group A member two (NR5A2) plays a key role in the development of many tumor types, while it is uncertain in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). The aim of this work was to determine the role of NR5A2 in cSCC proliferation, and to determine whether NR5A2 mediates the effect of cisplatin in cSCC.

Methods: We performed a systematic study of existing data and conducted a preliminary bioinformatics analysis of NR5A2 expression in cSCC using bioinformatics databases.

meHOLMES: A CRISPR-cas12a-based method for rapid detection of DNA methylation in a sequence-independent manner.

Aberrant DNA methylation is closely associated with various diseases, particularly cancer, and its precise detection plays an essential role in disease diagnosis and monitoring. In this study, we present a novel DNA methylation detection method (namely meHOLMES), which integrates both the TET2/APOBEC-mediated cytosine deamination step and the CRISPR-Cas12a-based signal readout step. TET2/APOBEC efficiently converts unmethylated cytosine to uracil, which is subsequently changed to thymine after PCR amplification.

Effect of TCM rehabilitation program on activities of daily living in patients with post-stroke limb spasticity: An observational study.

Background: Stroke is a neurological disease with many common complications that reduce the activities of daily living and the quality of life of patients. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) rehabilitation techniques, scalp acupuncture, and TCM can relieve spasticity symptoms and recovery from physical obstacles is significant.

Methods: Three hundred twenty-one patients with post-stroke limb spasticity were randomly divided into trial and control groups, with 159 and 162 patients in the trial and control groups, respectively.

Fabrication, Characterization and Drainage Capacity of Single-Channel Porous Alumina Ceramic Membrane Tube.

The single-channel AlO-based porous ceramic membrane tubes (PCMT) were prepared with different grain size of AlO powders by extrusion molding process, combing the traditional solid-phase sintering method. The effects of raw grain size and sintering temperature on the microstructure, phase structure, density, and porosity were investigated. The results revealed that with further increase in sintering temperature, the density of porous ceramics increases, while the porosity decreases, and the pore size decreases slightly.

NtAGO1 positively regulates the generation and viral resistance of dark green islands in Nicotiana tabacum.

Dark green islands (DGIs) are the outcome of post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in antiviral immunity, but their characteristics related to PTGS remain largely unknown. In this study, the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was inoculated on Nicotiana tabacum plants to explore the PTGS features of DGIs. Our results showed that higher expressions of PTGS-associated genes, especially NtAGO1, present in DGIs.

Engineering Bacteria and Bionic Bacterial Derivatives with Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy.

Natural bacteria are interesting subjects for cancer treatments owing to their unique autonomy-driven and hypoxic target properties. Genetically modified bacteria (such as bacteria with msbB gene and aroA gene modifications) can effectively cross sophisticated physiological barriers and transport antitumor agents into deep tumor tissues, and they have good biosafety. Additionally, bacteria can secrete cytokines (such as interleukin-224, interferon-gamma [IFN-γ], and interleukin-1β) and activate antitumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment, resulting in tumor inhibition.

Radiation-Induced -Printed Nonconjugated Fluorescent Nonwoven Fabric with Superior Fluorescent Properties.

A new technique is proposed for the printing of fluorescent fabrics with superior fluorescent properties that have the potential for continuous roll-to-roll production in the industry. Nonconjugated chemical moieties were covalently connected to polyethylene/polypropylene nonwoven fabric (PE/PP NWF) to successfully prepare fluorescent PE/PP NWF, which emits a bright blue light and has a high quantum yield (∼83.35%) that can be attributed to a unique aggregation-induced emission effect.

Chilli veinal mottle virus HCPro interacts with catalase to facilitate virus infection in Nicotiana tabacum.

Plant symptoms are derived from specific interactions between virus and host components. However, little is known about viral or host factors that participate in the establishment of systemic necrosis. Here, we showed that helper component proteinase (HCPro), encoded by Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV), could directly interact with catalase 1 (CAT1) and catalase 3 (CAT3) in the cytoplasm of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants to facilitate viral infection.

N gene enhances resistance to Chilli veinal mottle virus and hypersensitivity to salt stress in tobacco.

Plants use multiple mechanisms to fight against pathogen infection. One of the major mechanisms involves the disease resistance (R) gene, which specifically mediates plant defense. Recent studies have shown that R genes have broad spectrum effects in response to various stresses.

The Ethyl Acetate Extract of Kitam. Leaves Inhibited Cervical Cancer Cell Proliferation via Induction of Autophagy.

Kitam. belongs to the Compositae family and has been traditionally used for the prevention of cancer, diabetes, and inflammation in China. Previous studies had indicated that the ethyl acetate extract of Kitam.

A Sodium Transporter HvHKT1;1 Confers Salt Tolerance in Barley via Regulating Tissue and Cell Ion Homeostasis.

Our previous studies showed that high salt tolerance in Tibetan wild barley accessions was associated with HvHKT1;1, a member of the high-affinity potassium transporter family. However, molecular mechanisms of HvHKT1;1 for salt tolerance and its roles in K+/Na+ homeostasis remain to be elucidated. Functional characterization of HvHKT1;1 was conducted in the present study.

Identification of proteins associated with ion homeostasis and salt tolerance in barley.

Identification and characterization of proteins involved in salt tolerance are imperative for revealing its genetic mechanisms. In this study, ionic and proteomic responses of a Tibetan wild barley XZ16 and a well-known salt-tolerant barley cv. CM72 were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer, 2DE, and MALDI-TOF/TOF MS techniques to determine salt-induced differences in element and protein profiles between the two genotypes.