Process evaluation of the Yéego! Program to increase healthy eating and gardening among American Indian elementary school children.

Background: American Indian children are at increased risk for obesity and diabetes. School-based health promotion interventions are one approach to promoting healthy behaviors to reduce this risk, yet few studies have described their implementation and fidelity. We conducted a qualitative process evaluation of the Yéego! Healthy Eating and Gardening Program, a school-based intervention to promote healthy eating among Navajo elementary school children.

Group Randomized Trial of Healthy Eating and Gardening Intervention in Navajo Elementary Schools (Yéego!).

Introduction: Few healthy eating, school-based interventions have been rigorously evaluated in American Indian communities. Gardening and healthy eating are priorities in the Navajo Nation. Collaborations between researchers and local partners supported the design and implementation of this project.

Development of an Assessment Tool to Measure Healthy Eating in Navajo Children and Their Families.

Background: To estimate the efficacy of interventions to improve healthy eating, valid measures are essential. Although simple dietary intake tools have been developed with other populations, few have been culturally tailored and assessed for validity and reliability among Navajo.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a simple dietary intake tool tailored to Navajo culture, derive healthy eating indices, and assess their validity and reliability in Navajo children and adults and to describe the process used to develop this tool.

A Systems Approach to Identify Factors Influencing Participation in Two Tribally-Administered WIC Programs.

Native American populations experience highly disproportionate rates of poor maternal-child health outcomes. The WIC program aims to safeguard health by providing greater access to nutritious foods, but for reasons not well understood, participation in many tribally-administered WIC programs has declined to a greater extent compared to the national average decline in participation over the last decade. This study aims to examine influences on WIC participation from a systems perspective in two tribally-administered WIC programs.

Can Community Gardens with Workshops Increase Gardening Behavior? A Navajo Wellness Collaboration.

Unlabelled: This project evaluated the potential efficacy of a intervention on the to increase gardening and , which are potentially important in preventing obesity and related health conditions. Rates of obesity are high among American Indians, including those living on Navajo Nation land. Eating fresh fruits and vegetables is part of healthy eating.

Engaging School and Family in Navajo Gardening for Health: Development of the Yéego Intervention to Promote Healthy Eating among Navajo Children.

Objective: Navajo children are at increased risk for obesity, in part due to limited access to healthy foods. School garden interventions have been shown to increase access to fresh fruit and vegetables and consumption of healthy foods. Our study describes the development and pilot testing of a school garden intervention for Navajo elementary school children.

Development of Guidelines for Accurate Measurement of Small Volume Parenteral Products Using Syringes.

Syringes are commonly used in pharmacy compounding for the measurement of small volumes, especially in the preparation of sterile products for injection and infusion. However, there are no current official guidelines for the proper use of syringes in measuring small volumes. The purpose of this project was to determine the accuracy and precision of commercially available syringes in measuring small volumes during sterile product preparation to make recommendations for syringe size selection.

Agricultural soils of the Animas River watershed after the Gold King Mine spill: An elemental spatiotemporal analysis via portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.

In August 2015, 11.3 million L of heavy metal-contaminated water spilled into the Animas River from the Gold King Mine (Colorado, USA). National attention focused on water quality and agricultural production in areas affected by the spill.

Heavy metal content of produce grown in San Juan County (New Mexico, USA).

The Animas River Watershed has long received discharges of naturally occurring acid rock drainage; however, on August 5, 2015, three million gallons flowed into the agricultural region of Farmington, New Mexico and the Navajo Nation. Consumers and growers in the region were fearful that produce might absorb heavy metals from contaminated irrigation water originating from these rivers. Samples were collected from the region including corn ( = 30), pumpkin ( = 10), squash ( = 10), and cucumber ( = 10) then processed and tested using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for concentrations of nine metals of interest.

Seasonal Occurrence of Potato Psyllid () and Risk of Zebra Chip Pathogen () in Northwestern New Mexico.

Potato psyllid () is one of the most important pests in potatoes ( L.) due to its feeding behavior and the transmission of a bacterium ( Liberibacter solanacearum) that causes zebra chip disease, altering the quality of the potato tuber and the fried potato chip or french fry. This pest is thus a threat to the chip potato industry and often requires preventive measures including the use of costly insecticides.

Building a Case for Pediatric Fall Prevention.

Falls are the leading cause of traumatic injury and injury-related emergency department visits in the state of Minnesota for children aged 0-14 years. We hypothesize that few of the Minnesota trauma centers and public health departments responsible for injury prevention (IP) efforts in the community are focusing on fall prevention interventions for children. The purpose of this study was to examine the current state of childhood IP interventions in Minnesota, identify potential partners to collectively address pediatric fall prevention, and utilize survey results to lead future IP efforts.

Gardening for Health: Patterns of Gardening and Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Among the Navajo.

American Indians, including Navajo, are disproportionately affected by obesity and diabetes, in part due to diet-related health behaviors. The purpose of this study was to assess the patterns of gardening and fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption among residents in two communities on the Navajo Nation in order to inform a community gardening intervention. We analyzed survey data collected from participants in the Yéego Gardening study conducted in two communities in the Navajo Nation (N = 169).

Yéego Gardening! A Community Garden Intervention to Promote Health on the Navajo Nation.

Background: Yéego Gardening! is a community garden intervention to increase gardening behavior, increase access to low-cost fruit and vegetables, and ultimately increase consumption in Navajo communities.

Objectives: To design a theory-based, culturally relevant intervention with three components: a community garden, monthly workshops on gardening and healthy eating, and community outreach.

Methods: Gardens were constructed and maintained in collaboration with community-based organizations in two Navajo communities.

Responsiveness of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptive Test in measuring functional outcomes for inpatient pediatric rehabilitation.

Purpose: Responsiveness of the PEDI-CAT Mobility, Daily Activities, and Social/Cognitive domains and Wheelchair subdomain was evaluated for youth admitted to a pediatric post-acute care hospital.

Methods: Inpatients ages 2-21 years, with a length of stay of ≥ 5 days and with both admission and discharge scores were included. The difference between mean admission and discharge PEDI-CAT scaled scores were analyzed using paired t-tests.

Physical Therapy for a Child Poststroke With a Left Ventricular Assist Device.

Purpose: To describe physical therapy (PT) examination and intervention during rehabilitation for a child poststroke with an implanted left ventricular assist device (LVAD).

Key Points: A 10-year-old boy with a history of congenital heart disease awaiting heart transplant was admitted to a pediatric rehabilitation hospital with right hemiplegia, and an external, portable LVAD. This child participated in standard PT examination procedures and interventions with accommodations for the LVAD.

Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT) and Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS): Validity and Responsiveness.

Background: Although preliminary studies have established a good psychometric foundation for the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT) for a broad population of youth with disabilities, additional validation is warranted for young children.

Objective: The study objective was to (1) examine concurrent validity, (2) evaluate the ability to identify motor delay, and (3) assess responsiveness of the PEDI-CAT Mobility domain and the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS).

Methods: Fifty-three infants and young children (<18 months of age) admitted to a pediatric postacute care hospital and referred for a physical therapist examination were included.

Evaluation of a primary care intervention on body mass index: the Maine Youth Overweight Collaborative.

Background: We evaluated the impact of a brief primary-care-based intervention, The Maine Youth Overweight Collaborative (MYOC), on BMI (kg/m(2)) z-score change among participants with obesity (BMI ≥95th percentile for age and sex), overweight (BMI ≥85th and <95th percentile), and healthy weight (≥50th and <85th percentile).

Methods: A quasi-experimental field trial with nine intervention and nine control sites in urban and rural areas of Maine, MYOC focused on improvements in clinical decision support, charting BMI percentile, identifying patients with obesity, appropriate lab tests, and counseling families/patients. Retrospective longitudinal record reviews assessed BMI z-scores preintervention (from 1999 through October 2004) and one postintervention time point (between December 2006 and March 2008).

Compliance of energy-dense, small volume oral nutritional supplements in the daily clinical practice on a geriatric ward--an observational study.

Introduction: Compliance is important in optimizing the clinical effectiveness of oral nutritional supplements (ONS). Small volume, energy-dense ONS (ED-ONS; ≥ 2 kcal/ml) have been shown to improve compliance in clinical trial settings. However, data from clinical practice is still lacking.

Aquatic aerobic exercise for children with cerebral palsy: a pilot intervention study.

Purpose: The primary purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a14-week aquatic exercise program on gross motor function and walking endurance in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The secondary purpose was to evaluate changes in functional strength, aerobic capacity and balance.

Method: A prospective time series group design consisting of four measurement sessions (two baseline, one post intervention, and 1-month follow-up) was used.

Healthy gardens/healthy lives: Navajo perceptions of growing food locally to prevent diabetes and cancer.

Poor access to nutritious foods, departure from traditional diets, and reduced physical activity are associated with a rise in type 2 diabetes and certain types of cancers among the Navajo. Diabetes in particular is of concern because of its increased prevalence among Navajo youth. Gardening can successfully address issues of poor availability of fruits and vegetables and offer many other social and health benefits.

Cardiorespiratory response during physical therapist intervention for infants and young children with chronic respiratory insufficiency.

Purpose: To document physical therapist intervention activities and cardiorespiratory response for young children with chronic respiratory insufficiency.

Methods: Twelve children born prematurely, 6 to 30 months chronological age and admitted to inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation for oxygen and/or ventilation weaning, were included. During 3 intervention sessions, a second physical therapist recorded intervention activity and heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SaO2), and respiratory rate.

The effect of a vitamin A palmitate and antioxidant-containing oil-based moisturizer on photodamaged skin of several body sites.

Background: Cumulative lifetime sun exposure is accepted as having a very important role to play in the expression of the signs of photoaging, which is then superimposed on the intrinsic processes involved in the chronological aging of skin. Many groups have evaluated the effects of emulsion-based products, mostly although not exclusively, on the face using a variety of actives including retinoids and antioxidants. Nevertheless, the effect of a topical anhydrous product on photodamaged skin has not been reported in the literature.

A review of the effects of moisturisers on the appearance of scars and striae.

Scars are well known to have a stratum corneum that is malfunctional. Increases in transepidermal water loss and decreases in stratum corneum capacitance and conductance have been reported. Occlusion therapy is a well-known route to improving the signs and symptoms of scarring.

A review of the effects of moisturizers on the appearance of scars and striae.

Scars are well known to have a stratum corneum (SC) that is malfunctional. Increases in transepidermal water loss and decreases in SC capacitance and conductance have been reported. Occlusion therapy is a well-known route to improving the signs and symptoms of scarring.