Determinants of adult sedentary behavior and physical inactivity for the primary prevention of diabetes in historically disadvantaged communities: A representative cross-sectional population-based study from Reunion Island.

Populations undergoing extensive and rapid socio-economic transitions including historically disadvantaged communities face an increased risk of type-2 diabetes (T2D). In recent years, sedentary behavior and physical inactivity have been considered modifiable determinants when developing primary prevention programs to reduce T2D incidence. Reunion Island is a French overseas department with an increasing T2D population and a high level of socio-economic inequality.

Educational patterning in biological health seven years apart: Findings from the Tromsø Study.

Background: Social-to-biological processes is one set of mechanisms underlying the relationship between social position and health. However, very few studies have focused on the relationship between social factors and biology at multiple time points. This work investigates the relationship between education and the dynamic changes in a composite Biological Health Score (BHS) using two time points seven years apart in a Norwegian adult population.

The level of education is associated with an anxiety-depressive state among men and women - findings from France during the first quarter of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Context: It is widely recognised that the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted individuals' mental health. However, little emphasis has been put on the possible influence of socio-economic factors in the relationship. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, our objectives were (i) to assess the relationship between education level and mental health in French adults, and (ii) to study the influence of the economic, social, health and the COVID-19-related factors in men and women respectively.

Explaining biological differences between men and women by gendered mechanisms.

Background: The principal aim of this study was to explore if biological differences between men and women can be explained by gendered mechanisms.

Methods: We used data from the 1958 National Child Development Study, including all the living subjects of the cohort at the outcome collection wave (44-45 years). We explored several biomarkers as outcomes: systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, HbA1c, CRP, and cortisol.

Assessing How Social Exposures Are Integrated in Exposome Research: A Scoping Review.

Background: Exposome research aims to describe and understand the extent to which all the exposures in human environments may affect our health over the lifetime. However, the way in which humans interact with their environment is socially patterned. Failing to account for social factors in research exploring the exposome may underestimate the magnitude of the effect of exposures or mask inequalities in the distribution of both exposures and outcomes.

The effect of social deprivation on the dynamic of SARS-CoV-2 infection in France: a population-based analysis.

Background: Data on health inequalities related to the dynamic of SARS-CoV-2 infection in France are scarce. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between an area-based deprivation indicator and SARS-CoV-2 incidence, positivity, and testing rates between May 2020 and April 2021.

Methods: We analysed data reported to the Système d'Information de Dépistage Populationnel surveillance system between May 14, 2020 and April 29, 2021, which records the results of all SARS-CoV-2 tests in France.

Socioeconomic disparities and risk of hypertension among older Americans: the Health and Retirement Study.

Background: Reducing hypertension represents a critical point of intervention to lower the burden of cardiovascular disease worldwide. Although the relationship between lower socioeconomic status and higher rates of hypertension is well documented, most of the evidence comes from prevalence studies involving young adult population.

Aim: To investigate the independent association of wealth, education and income with incident hypertension among older adults living in the United States.

Gender differences in the association between socioeconomic status and hypertension in France: A cross-sectional analysis of the CONSTANCES cohort.

Background: Hypertension prevalence increases when socioeconomic status decreases but gender differences in the relationship between socioeconomic status and hypertension have been less studied. This work aimed to explore the pattern of associations between three indicators of socioeconomic status at individual, household, and municipal levels with hypertension across genders in a large sample of French adults from the CONSTANCES cohort.

Methods: Using data at inclusion from 59 805 participants (52% women) aged 25-69 years and recruited between 2012 and 2015, multilevel log-Poisson regressions with robust variance estimates were used to assess the associations of Relative Index of Inequality in education, monthly income per consumption unit and residential deprivation with hypertension.

Geographical variations in the prevalence of hypertension in France: Cross-sectional analysis of the CONSTANCES cohort.

Aims: While international variations in the prevalence of hypertension are well described, less is known about intra-national disparities and their determinants. We wanted to describe the variations in hypertension prevalence within France and to determine how much lifestyle and socioeconomic factors contributed to explain these regional variations.

Methods: Participants (62,247 French adults aged 18 to 69 years) were recruited in the 16 centres of the CONSTANCES study between 2012 and 2015.

Sex differences in adherence to antihypertensive treatment in patients aged above 55: The French League Against Hypertension Survey (FLAHS).

Despite the availability of efficient therapies to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications, poor adherence to antihypertensive (anti-HTN) drugs is frequent, especially during the first year of treatment and among uncontrolled/resistant hypertensive patients. The aim of the study was to identify factors associated with adherence to anti-HTN treatment and to examine whether they differ across sex. A total of 2743 treated hypertensive participants to the cross-sectional Metascope survey (France, 2015) aged 55 years or more were included.

Prospective Association Between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Cardiovascular Diseases in the SUpplémentation en VItamines et Minéraux AntioXydants (SU.VI.MAX) Cohort.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in the world, and diet plays a major role in CVD incidence, especially through lipid oxidation mechanisms. This, in turn, leads to tissue inflammation and formation of atheromatous plaques.

Methods And Results: Our objective was to evaluate the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and the incidence of overall CVD or its subclasses.

Long-term association between the dietary inflammatory index and cognitive functioning: findings from the SU.VI.MAX study.

Purpose: Inflammation is a ubiquitous underlying mechanism of the links between diet and cognitive functioning. No study has yet evaluated the overall inflammatory potential of the diet, using the dietary inflammatory index (DII), in relation to cognitive functioning. In a French cohort of middle-aged adults, we evaluated the association between the DII, assessed in midlife, and cognitive performance evaluated 13 years later.

The Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated with Prostate Cancer Risk in French Middle-Aged Adults in a Prospective Study.

Background: Chronic inflammation is one of the mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis. Diet is a major source of pro- and anti-inflammatory compounds. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was designed to estimate its overall inflammatory potential.

Prospective association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and mortality: modulation by antioxidant supplementation in the SU.VI.MAX randomized controlled trial.

Background: Chronic inflammation is a central mechanism involved in cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases, 4 leading causes of mortality. Diet is a major source of pro- and anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was designed to estimate the overall inflammatory potential of the diet.