Expression of ER stress markers (GRP78 and PERK) in experimental nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin and gentamicin: roles of inflammatory response and oxidative stress.

This study aimed to establish the relationship between two endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78/BiP) and PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and oxidative stress markers in cisplatin (CIS)-induced and gentamicin (GEN)-induced nephrotoxicity.The study consisted of five groups: control (saline solution only), CIS D2 (2.5 mg/kg for 2 days), CIS D7 (2.

A Review on the Design, Synthesis, and Structure-activity Relationships of Benzothiazole Derivatives against Hypoxic Tumors.

There has been a growing body of studies on benzothiazoles and benzothiazole derivatives as strong and effective anti-tumor agents against lung, liver, pancreas, breast, and brain tumors. Due to the highly proliferative nature of the tumor cells, the oxygen levels get lower than that of normal tissues in the tumor microenvironment. This situation is called hypoxia and has been associated with increased ability for carcinogenesis.

Effects of Bone Marrow and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on microRNA Expressions in Acute Alkaline Corneal Burn.

The aim of this study was to investigate the microRNA (miRNA) expressions of the corneal tissue after an alkaline burn and to compare the efficiency of adipose- and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on expressions. Thirty-two rats were divided into 4 groups. No intervention was made in the control group.

Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory and Antiapoptotic Effects of Bone Marrow and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Acute Alkaline Corneal Burn.

The aim of the present study is to comparatively evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects of bone marrow and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) applied subconjunctivally after alkaline corneal burn. Thirty-two rats were divided into 4 groups and included in the study ( = 8). While no intervention was made in the control group, a chemical burn was created by applying 4 μL of NaOH soaked in 6 mm filter paper to the right eye of each subject in the other groups under general anesthesia.

Expression levels of maternal plasma microRNAs in preeclamptic pregnancies.

The present study aimed to identify the differential expression profiles of microRNAs in the plasma between patients with preeclampsia (PE) and healthy pregnancies using quantitative real-time PCR. The expression profiles of 32 miRNAs in maternal plasma from 31 patients with PE and 32 healthy pregnancies were evaluated. The expression levels of eight miRNAs including miR-210, miR-375, miR-197-3p, miR-132-3p, miR-29a-3p, miR-328, miR-24-3p, and miR-218-5p were significantly upregulated and the expression levels of three miRNAs, including miR-302b-3p, miR-191-5p, and miR-17-5p, were significantly downregulated in patients with preeclampsia when compared to healthy pregnant women.

Evaluation of miRNAs Related with Nuclear Factor Kappa B Pathway in Lipopolysaccharide Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

This study aimed to determine the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway related miRNAs in experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats, and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. Twenty four sprague dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups; LPS (n = 12) and control (n = 12). Experimental ARDS was induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS in LPS group.

Effects of Bevacizumab, Ranibizumab, and Aflibercept on MicroRNA Expression in a Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cell Culture Model of Oxidative Stress.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept on the microRNA (miRNA) expression in human retinal pigment epithelium cell (ARPE-19) culture model of oxidative stress.

Methods: Control cells were cultured in the hydrogen peroxide (HO)-free medium. In HO group ARPE-19 cells were exposed to 600 μM HO alone for 18 h.

Protective Effect of Combined Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester and Bevacizumab Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human RPE Cells.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and combined CAPE-bevacizumab against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (HO) in human retinal pigment epithelium.

Methods: ARPE-19 cells were pretreated with 5, 10, and 30 μM CAPE alone and in combination with bevacizumab for 3 h, then exposed to HO for 16 h. Cell viability was evaluated with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Evaluation of microRNA responses in ARPE-19 cells against the oxidative stress.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine microRNA (miRNA) expression profile of human retinal pigment epithelium cell (ARPE-19) against the oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (HO).

Methods: ARPE-19 cells were incubated with different concentrations of HO (200, 600 and 800 μM) for 18 h, and then cell viability, vascular endothelial growth factor levels and total oxidant status were evaluated. Expressions of 1152 miRNA were determined by quantitative real-time PCR in each group.

Inhibition of Radiation-Induced Oxidative Damage in the Lung Tissue: May Acetylsalicylic Acid Have a Positive Role?

The lung is relatively sensitive to irradiation. It is shown that acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) might reduce oxidative injury and that it has a place in protection from cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential radioprotective effects of ASA.

Evaluation of circulating miRNAs in wet age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the changes in plasma miRNA in patients with wet age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: The expression profiles of 384 miRNAs in plasma from 33 patients (22 male, 11 female) who were diagnosed with wet age-related macular degeneration with fundus examination, fundus fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography and 31 controls (17 male, 14 female) were evaluated using high-throughput quantitative real-time PCR.

Results: Our results demonstrated that the expression level of five miRNAs (miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-106a-5p, and miR-223-3p) was significantly upregulated in patients with age-related macular degeneration when compared to the control group (p<0.

The G1057D polymorphism of insulin receptor substrate-2 associated with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective: The Gly1057D polymorphism in the insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2) gene has been reported to be associated with insulin resistance, obesity and type 2 diabetes; little is known about its possible association with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). To investigate this association we determined the distribution of its genotypes and frequency of alleles in GDM patients.

Materials And Methods: The study population consisted of 94 subjects; among them were 44 patients with GDM and 50 healthy controls without diabetes.

Contribution of RhoA/Rho-kinase/MEK1/ERK1/2/iNOS pathway to ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation leading to distant and target organ injury in rats.

The small G protein RhoA and its downstream effector Rho-kinase play an important role in various physiopathological processes including ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species produced by iNOS and NADPH oxidase are important mediators of inflammation and organ injury following an initial localized I/R event. The aim of this study was to determine whether RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling pathway increases the expression and activity of MEK1, ERK1/2, iNOS, gp91(phox), and p47(phox), and peroxynitrite formation which result in oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation leading to hindlimb I/R-induced injury in kidney as a distant organ and gastrocnemius muscle as a target organ.

Intravitreal bevacizumab effects on VEGF levels in distant organs: an experimental study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of single-dose intravitreal bevacizumab on the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in serum and distant organs.

Methods: Adult New Zealand albino rabbits (n = 40) were divided into experimental and control groups. Experimental rabbits received a single 0.

Differential expression of microRNAs in plasma of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: potential early-detection markers for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Altered microRNA (miRNA) expression has been found in many cancers, including lung, breast, prostate, bladder and colorectal cancer. Many recent studies have demonstrated that aberrant plasma miRNAs were also found in various types of cancers. However, the alteration in plasma miRNA expressions in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remains unclear.

Determination of plasma microRNA for early detection of gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer is the fourth most prevalent malignancy worldwide and remains the second most common cause of cancer-related death globally. Understanding the molecular structure of gastric carcinogenesis might identify new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for this disease. Thus, early detection of gastric cancer is a key measure to reduce the mortality and improve the prognosis of gastric cancer.

Effects of rosiglitazone with insulin combination therapy on oxidative stress and lipid profile in left ventricular muscles of diabetic rats.

Purpose: In this study, we tested the hypothesis that rosiglitazone (RSG) with insulin is able to quench oxidative stress initiated by high glucose through prevention of NAD(P)H oxidase activation.

Methods And Materials: Male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into an untreated control group (C), a diabetic group (D) that was treated with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (45 mg kg(-1)), and rosiglitazone group that was treated with RSG twice daily by gavage and insulin once daily by subcutaneous injection (group B). HbA1c and blood glucose levels in the circulation and malondialdehyde and 3-nitrotyrosine levels in left ventricular muscle were measured.

Serum levels and H/L gene polymorphism of mannose-binding lectin in primary open angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To analyze the serum levels and H/L gene polymorphisms of mannose-binding lectin-2 (MBL-2) in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) cases and control subjects to investigate whether MBL-2 has a possible role in the development and pathogenesis of POAG.

Materials And Methods: In 45 POAG cases and age and sex-matched 45 healthy controls, Elisa Kit was used to determine serum levels of MBL-2. The genomic DNA of patient and control groups was extracted from whole blood using High Pure PCR template preparation kit.

The distribution of circulating microRNA and their relation to coronary disease.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that regulate gene expression by suppressing protein translation and may influence RNA expression. MicroRNAs are detected in extracellular locations such as plasma; however, the extent of miRNA expression in plasma its relation to cardiovascular disease is not clear and many clinical studies have utilized array-based platforms with poor reproducibility.

Methods And Results: Initially, to define distribution of miRNA in human blood; whole blood, platelets, mononuclear cells, plasma, and serum from 5 normal individuals were screened for 852 miRNAs using high-throughput micro-fluidic quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR).

Affirmative effects of iloprost on apoptosis during ischemia-reperfusion injury in kidney as a distant organ.

Objective: Apoptosis and its regulatory mechanisms take part in renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury which can result in acute renal failure and the inhibition of the caspase is considered as a new therapeutic strategy. In this context, we investigated the antiapoptotic and cytoprotective effects of iloprost, a prostacyclin analog, in kidney as a distant organ.

Methods: Wistar albino rats were randomized into five groups (n = 12 in each) as sham, ischemia, I/R, iloprost (10 μg kg(-1)), and I/R + iloprost (10 μg kg(-1)).

Selenium and pseudoexfoliation syndrome.

Purpose: To investigate the levels of selenium (Se), an essential trace element, in aqueous humor, conjunctival specimens, and serum of patients with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome and control subjects; and to determine the role of Se in the development and pathogenesis of PEX syndrome.

Design: A prospective case-control study.

Methods: Twenty-seven cataract patients with PEX syndrome and 20 age-matched cataract patients without PEX syndrome were enrolled in this institutional study.

Role of neopterin, C-reactive protein and myeloperoxidase in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of neopterin (NP), C-reactive protein (CRP) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Patients And Methods: Forty patients submitted for elective coronary artery bypass grafting were included in this prospective study. Patients were divided into two groups of 20 individuals, those who did not undergo CPB (group 1), aged 54.

Functional association of interleukin-18 gene -607 C/A promoter polymorphisms with endometriosis.

This study evaluated for the first time the relationship between interleukin-18 (IL-18) C607A genotypes and endometriosis in 135 women with endometriosis and 84 controls. In the study population, IL-18 -607∗A homozygote and A allele were positively correlated with the risk of developing endometriosis or the stage of endometriosis.

Insulin receptor substrate-2 gene polymorphism: is it associated with endometrial cancer?

Objective: The G1057D polymorphism in the insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2) gene has been reported to be associated with insulin resistance, obesity and type 2 diabetes. However little is known about its possible association with cancer. To investigate this association, we determined the distribution of its genotypes and frequency of alleles in endometrial cancer patients.