[THE FEATURES OF PHARMACOKINETICS ANTIBIOTIC CEFTRIAXONE WITH INTRAVENOUS WAY THAT ARE DEPOSITED IN AUTOLOGOUS ERYTHROCYTES AND LEUKOCYTES OF RABBIT].

In the experiment on 18 rabbits Сeftriaxone pharmacokinetics after intravenous injection of the medication deposited in autologous erythrocytes and leukocytes were studied. The features of the pharmacokinetics when administered Сeftriaxone in erythrocytes ghost and leukocytes as compared to traditional intravenous drug administration have been determined.It is discussed the possibility of antibiotics transport in the surgical site of infection via cellular carriers in the article.

[Anaerobic non-clostridial infection in acute appendicitis].

Etiological factors promoting anaerobic non-clostridial infection (ANI) after appendectomy are analyzed for the last 10 years (1993-2002). Acute appendicitis was the indication for appendectomies in 2846 patients. In 55 (1.

[Electrostimulation therapy--a new method of preventing postoperative wound complications in abdominal surgery].

Experimental investigations have shown that chemotaxic activity of microorganisms in the parietal peritoneum and abdominal organ tissues is inhibited when they are treated with impulse electric discharges preventing the process of infecting the tissues. Results of the experiments underlay the development of a new method of prophylactics of postoperative complications in abdominal surgery based on the electroimpulsive treatment of the operation wound. Clinical approbation of the method showed its effectiveness, simplicity and safety.

[Omentoplasty in limb surgery].

The authors describe a method of omentoplasty used in 55 patients with lymphodema, chronic osteomyelitis, scalped bad burn wounds. Good results of treatment were noted in all the patients.

[Surgical prevention of postresection reflux-gastritis].

Results of treatment of 331 patients operated in surgical clinic of Karaganda Medical Academy from 1990 to 1998 for complicated form of gastric and duodenal ulcers are presented. For surgical prophylaxis of postresective reflux-gastritis and to reduce the risk of sutures insufficiency two original methods of creation of transverse terminolateral gastroduodenoanastomosis with a reflux mechanism were proposed. These methods were used in 129 (39%) patients.

[Surgery of a purulent wound of the foot].

The experience of plastic closure of purulent wounds in the foot of 55 patients is presented. The average area of wounds was 61 cm2. Treatment of defects of plantar surface was most difficult.

[The surgical treatment of injuries to the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava].

The experience of treatment of 44 patients with traumatic and abdominal aorta and inferior cava vein is represented. All traumatic injuries of these vessels were accompanied by damages organs. Various kinds of vascular suture and angioplasty with synthetic prostheses were used.

[Evaluation of results of surgical treatment of peptic ulcer associated with Helicobacter pylori].

Under observation there were 82 patients operated on for ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum. Dissemination of the mucosa with Helicobacter pylori (HP) was studied by means of using the urease test. Before the operation the positive result of the study was obtained in 73 patients (89%).

[The diagnosis and treatment of chronic osteomyelitis in patients with spinal cord trauma].

Results of examination and treatment of 75 patients with a trauma disease of the spinal cord with bedsores are presented. Osteomyelitis which developed in places of localization of longstanding bedsores took place in 39% of patients. The general complex of treatment included associated intraosseous and direct endolymphatic antibiotic therapy as the main treatment as well as the efficient preoperative preparation.

[Wounds of the abdomen and pelvis with damage to the major vessels].

The results of treatment of 144 patients with major vessels injuries in abdomen and pelvis injuries are performed. They had injuries of 146 vessels and of 220 abdominal organs. Mean blood loss was 2620 ml.

[Stomach injury].

The results of treatment of 221 patients with injury to a stomach (IS), whose age range was from 3.5 to 71 years, have been analysed. Closed IS was noted in 9 (4.

[A combination of a duodenal diverticulum and the postcholecystectomy syndrome].

The surgical treatment results of 68 patients with duodenal diverticulum were analyzed, 21 of whom the various interventions on biliary tracts for cholelithic disease and her complications earlier were conducted. Postcholecystectomy syndrome origin was connected with non-diagnosed and non-eliminated duodenal peripapillary diverticulum. The clinical peculiarities, diagnostic algorithm and the complex of preoperative preparation, surgical treatment and complications prophylaxis are adduced.

[Duodenal injuries].

Experience in surgical treatment of 69 patients with open (41) and closed (28) injuries to the duodenum (D) is analysed. The wound (rupture) was closed with sutures in 52 patients, closure of the wound was supplemented by gastroenterostomy in 9 patients, other variants of treatment were applied in 8 patients. In 7 patients the damage of the D was not detected during the first operation.

[Simultaneous operations in surgery of the biliary tract].

The experience with simultaneous performance of the operations on the bile ducts and other organs in 802 patients, including 109 who underwent simultaneous operations on 2 or several organs for pathogenetically unrelated diseases (lethality--1.9%), 662--combined interventions on the anatomically and functionally connected organs for main disease and its complications (lethality 29%), is summarized. Simultaneous performance of the operations ensures the effective and radical surgical treatment.

[Prevention of incompetence of sutures of the colon in its injuries].

The authors analysed 242 clinical cases of open and closed injury to the colon and the results of experiments on 120 animals. Incompetence of the sutures of the colon was encountered in 12 (4.9%) patients: in 10 (5.

[Clinical pharmacokinetics of kanamycin in endolymphatic therapy of peritonitis].

The pharmacokinetics of kanamycin in patients with peritonitis was studied after its intramuscular, endolymphatic and lymphotropic administration. Endolymphatic administration of kanamycin provided an increase in its activity in the inflamed tissues of the peritoneum and omentum and markedly prolonged its halflife as compared to those after the routine intramuscular administration of the drug. Lymphotropic administration of kanamycin failed to provide the same effect.

[The functional morphology of the regional inguinal lymph nodes during the endolymphatic antibiotic therapy of patients with vascular diseases of the lower extremities].

The general structure and cell composition of the inguinal lymph nodes has been analysed at a direct endolymphatic antibiotic therapy, performed with the aim of prophylaxis of suppurative complications, when surgical interventions are performed in the vessels of the lower extremities. Morphokinetics of the lymph nodes depends on duration of the endolymphatic therapy. During early terms it reflects an increase in transport function of the regional inguinal lymph nodes, during late terms it reflects an increase in their immune role.

[A surgeon's rating as objective criterion for professional competence].

The authors suggest evaluation of the qualification of a general surgeon by means of an individual coefficient-rating which is determined from 2 tables: basic and working. Its value is expressed in scores and depends, on the main, on the number of operations carried out during the year. Comparison of the rating in dynamics for several years facilitates the control over the surgeon's professional background, optimal formation of the operating team, and reduction of the degree of operative risk.

[Reinfusion of blood in combined trauma of hollow abdominal organs].

The authors performed 122 blood reinfusions in patients with trauma to the chest and abdomen, in 25 of them with associated injury to the hollow abdominal organs. The mean volume of blood loss was 2225 ml, that of reinfusion--1092 ml. Nine patients died, 6 developed complications.

[Surgical treatment of injuries of the colon].

Having analyzed results of treatment of 214 patients with an injury of the colon and its mesentery the authors have made a conclusion that most typical errors are related with problems of diagnostics in closed and associated trauma of the colon and the absence of single tactical recommendations in choice of the optimum operation volume. The primary suture of the gut was performed in 165 patients, in 9 patients suturing was supplemented by proximal colostomy. Resection of the intestine with a one-lumen anus was performed in 9 patients, and resection with primary anastomosis--in 6 patients more.