Efficacy of different respiratory supports to prevent hypoxia during flexible bronchoscopy in patients of COPD: a triple-arm, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Patients with chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease (COPD) undergo bronchoscopy for various reasons, and are at relatively higher risk of complications. This study evaluated the efficacy of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and high-flow-oxygen-therapy (HFOT) compared with conventional-oxygen-therapy (COT) in patients with COPD undergoing bronchoscopy, to prevent hypoxia.

Methods: It was a triple-arm, open-label, randomised controlled trial.

Role of Janus Kinase inhibitors in the management of pulmonary involvement due to Long COVID-19 disease: A case control study.

Objectives: Ongoing symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (OSC) is defined as persistent symptoms beyond 4 weeks of acute illness. OSC leads to prolonged hospitalization and oxygen dependence. We aimed to find the outcome of Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) as a steroid-sparing agent to treat OSC.

Utility and timing of the respiratory rate-oxygenation index in the prediction of high-flow oxygen therapy failure in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure of infective etiology: a prospective observational study.

During and following the COVID-19 pandemic, the world has witnessed a surge in high-flow oxygen therapy (HFOT) use. The ability to provide high oxygenation levels with remarkable comfort levels has been the grounds for the same. Despite the advantages, delays in intubation leading to poor overall outcomes have been noticed in subgroups of patients on HFOT.

Dynamic assessment of oropharynx with ultrasonography as a screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea.

Ultrasonography is an easily available and portable tool to assess the dynamic changes in the upper airway and surrounding soft tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of oropharynx ultrasonography as a screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The study sequentially enrolled overweight individuals (body mass index >25 kg/m ) and subjected them to OSA screening tools (Berlin questionnaire, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and STOP-Bang scores), ultrasonography of the oropharynx followed by overnight polysomnography.

The role of diaphragmatic thickness measurement in weaning prediction and its comparison with rapid shallow breathing index: a single-center experience.

Background: Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is commonly managed with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). The majority of the time that a patient spends on IMV is in the process of weaning. Prediction of the weaning outcome is of paramount importance, as untimely/delayed extubation is associated with a high risk of mortality.

Tofacitinib Associated with Reduced Intubation Rates in the Management of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Preliminary Experience.

Background: The second wave of COVID-19 pandemic was not only associated with a rapid and severe surge in the number of cases but also limited availability of recommended medicines. Baricitinib has been known to reduce recovery time in COVID-19 pneumonia in association with remdesivir. Tofacitinib, with limited evidence, was used in severe COVID-19 pneumonia based on its similarity of action with baricitinib.

Modified Barrier Enclosure for Noninvasive Respiratory Support in COVID-19 Outbreak.

Aim: To develop a device that can reduce the exposure of aerosols to healthcare workers (HCWs) who are working in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) critical units.

Background: Barrier enclosure has recently been proposed for use during intubations where the risk of aerosolization is high. In COVID-19 outbreak, use of noninvasive respiratory support is increasing.

Indications for Proning in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Expanding the Horizon!

Background: Previously prone positioning (PP) was described in addition to invasive mechanical ventilation and it has been known to reduced mortality and improve oxygenation in patients of ARDS. Recently novel timing of prone positioning was described with the use of high-frequency nasal cannula (HFNC) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in patients of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) to avoid the intubation. Here we would like to share a case of severe ARDS where prone positioning was used in a step further ahead.