A pathogen effector co-opts a host RabGAP protein to remodel pathogen interface and subvert defense-related secretion.

Pathogens have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to manipulate host cell membrane dynamics, a crucial adaptation to survive in hostile environments shaped by innate immune responses. Plant-derived membrane interfaces, engulfing invasive hyphal projections of fungal and oomycete pathogens, are prominent junctures dictating infection outcomes. Understanding how pathogens transform these host-pathogen interfaces to their advantage remains a key biological question.

Glaucoma Rehabilitation using ElectricAI Transcranial Stimulation (GREAT)-study protocol for randomized controlled trial using combined perceptual learning and transcranial electrical stimulation for vision enhancement.

Background: Glaucoma patients with irreversible visual field loss often experience decreased quality of life, impaired mobility, and mental health challenges. Perceptual learning (PL) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) have emerged as promising interventions for vision rehabilitation, showing potential in restoring residual visual functions. The Glaucoma Rehabilitation using ElectricAI Transcranial stimulation (GREAT) project aims to investigate whether combining PL and tES is more effective than using either method alone in maximizing the visual function of glaucoma patients.

Phosphine-Catalyzed 1,2-cis-Diboration of 1,3-Butadiynes.

Trialkyl phosphines PMe and PEt catalyze the 1,2-cis-diboration of 1,3-butadiynes to give 1,2-diboryl enynes. The products were utilized to synthesize 1,1,2,4-tetraaryl enynes using a Suzuki-Miyaura protocol and can readily undergo proto-deborylation.

Subchondral bone expansion in advanced knee osteoarthritis: Relation with radiographic severity and role in surgical decision-making.

Background: Joint space width (JSW) is a traditional imaging marker for knee osteoarthritis (OA) severity, but it lacks sensitivity in advanced cases. We propose tibial subchondral bone area (TSBA), a new CT imaging marker to explore its relationship with OA radiographic severity, and to test its performance for classifying surgical decisions between unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) compared to JSW.

Methods: We collected clinical, radiograph, and CT data from 182 patients who underwent primary knee arthroplasty (73 UKA, 109 TKA).

A rare cause of shoulder pain: Osteoid osteoma of the scapular glenoid treated with cryoablation.

We report a case of an osteoid osteoma at the scapular glenoid that was treated with cryoablation. The patient presented with shoulder pain with subsequent CT and MRI imaging findings suspicious for an osteoid osteoma. The patient complained of persistent pain despite medical treatment and was referred to interventional radiology for consideration of ablation.

PRMT5 and CDK4/6 inhibition result in distinctive patterns of alternative splicing in melanoma.

Drugs targeting cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) are promising new treatments for melanoma and other solid malignancies. In studies on CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance, protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) regulation of alternative splicing was shown to be an important downstream component of the CDK4/6 pathway. However, the full effects of inhibition of CDK4/6 on splicing events in melanoma and the extent to which they are dependent on PRMT5 has not been established.

Selenite as a dual apoptotic and ferroptotic agent synergizes with EGFR and KRAS inhibitors with epigenetic interference.

Background: Selenium, an essential trace element, has previously been investigated as a pro-apoptotic and DNA demethylation agent. It sensitizes the response to chemotherapy in patients who were refractory to cytotoxic agents. Meanwhile, ferroptosis is a novel approach to cancer treatment by triggering cell death and reversing drug resistance.

Captopril Alleviates Chondrocyte Senescence in DOCA-Salt Hypertensive Rats Associated with Gut Microbiome Alteration.

Gut microbiota is the key controller of healthy aging. Hypertension and osteoarthritis (OA) are two frequently co-existing age-related pathologies in older adults. Both are associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis.

Human WDR5 promotes breast cancer growth and metastasis via KMT2-independent translation regulation.

Metastatic breast cancer remains a major cause of cancer-related deaths in women, and there are few effective therapies against this advanced disease. Emerging evidence suggests that key steps of tumor progression and metastasis are controlled by reversible epigenetic mechanisms. Using an in vivo genetic screen, we identified WDR5 as an actionable epigenetic regulator that is required for metastatic progression in models of triple-negative breast cancer.

Which features of patients are morally relevant in ventilator triage? A survey of the UK public.

Background: In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, many health systems, including those in the UK, developed triage guidelines to manage severe shortages of ventilators. At present, there is an insufficient understanding of how the public views these guidelines, and little evidence on which features of a patient the public believe should and should not be considered in ventilator triage.

Methods: Two surveys were conducted with representative UK samples.

Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy as an Entrustable Professional Activity (EPA) for General Surgical Trainees in Australia.

Introduction: To evaluate the operation time and surgical outcomes of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed by surgical trainees at different levels of training at Eastern health and hence, to establish the efficacy and safety of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy as an Entrustable Professional Activity for surgical trainees in general surgery.

Objective: Elective laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed at our institution between January 2018 and January 2019 were included. Analyses were divided among three groups - consultants (C), fellows (F) and registrars (R).

CECR2 drives breast cancer metastasis by promoting NF-κB signaling and macrophage-mediated immune suppression.

Metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related deaths due to the lack of effective therapies. Emerging evidence suggests that certain epigenetic and transcriptional regulators drive cancer metastasis and could be targeted for metastasis treatment. To identify epigenetic regulators of breast cancer metastasis, we profiled the transcriptomes of matched pairs of primary breast tumors and metastases from human patients.

A web-based personalized decision support tool for patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ: development, content evaluation, and usability testing.

Purpose: Patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) face trade-offs when deciding among different treatments, including surgery, radiation, and endocrine therapy. A less chosen option is active monitoring. While evidence from clinical trials is not yet available, observational studies show comparable results for active monitoring and immediate treatment on cancer outcomes in select subgroups of patients.

Efficacy and Safety of Intravascular Lithotripsy in Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) is a novel technique for plaque modification during endovascular revascularisation for peripheral artery disease (PAD) with severe calcification. The aim of this paper was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of contemporary data to elucidate the efficacy and safety of IVL in lower extremity PAD.

Data Sources: A systematic literature search with pre-defined search terms was performed using PubMed, Web of Sciences, OvidSP, and EMBASE.

Yoga and Pilates compared to pelvic floor muscle training for urinary incontinence in elderly women: A randomised controlled pilot trial.

Background: and purpose: There is limited evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the use of yoga and Pilates for the management of urinary incontinence (UI) in women. This study aims to investigate the preliminary effects of using Pilates and yoga to manage UI.

Materials And Methods: An assessor-blinded, prospective, three-arm parallel-group randomised controlled pilot trial was conducted in three elderly care centres in Hong Kong.

Total and Free Sugar Levels and Main Types of Sugars Used in 18,784 Local and Imported Pre-Packaged Foods and Beverages Sold in Hong Kong.

There is limited information regarding the free sugar content of pre-packaged foods in Hong Kong. This study aims to assess the free sugar content and identify the most frequently used free sugar ingredients (FSI) in pre-packaged foods in Hong Kong. Data from 18,784 products from the 2019 FoodSwitch Hong Kong database were used in this analysis.

KDM5B promotes immune evasion by recruiting SETDB1 to silence retroelements.

Tumours use various strategies to evade immune surveillance. Immunotherapies targeting tumour immune evasion such as immune checkpoint blockade have shown considerable efficacy on multiple cancers but are ineffective for most patients due to primary or acquired resistance. Recent studies showed that some epigenetic regulators suppress anti-tumour immunity, suggesting that epigenetic therapies could boost anti-tumour immune responses and overcome resistance to current immunotherapies.

Effect of Music on Patient Experience during Intravitreal Injection.

Introduction: Many patients remain anxious during intravitreal injections, despite its increasing use. As music can alleviate anxiety for other procedures, we wanted to evaluate its effect during intravitreal injection.

Methods: Patients undergoing routine intravitreal injection were recruited for a randomized controlled trial.

PRMT6 Regulates RAS/RAF Binding and MEK/ERK-Mediated Cancer Stemness Activities in Hepatocellular Carcinoma through CRAF Methylation.

Arginine methylation is a post-translational modification that plays pivotal roles in signal transduction and gene transcription during cell fate determination. We found protein methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6) to be frequently downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its expression to negatively correlate with aggressive cancer features in HCC patients. Silencing of PRMT6 promoted the tumor-initiating, metastasis, and therapy resistance potential of HCC cell lines and patient-derived organoids.

18-month follow-up of randomized controlled trial of parent and child enhancement program.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the 18-month effectiveness of the Parent and Child Enhancement (PACE) program through an 18-month follow-up of the participants.

Methods: Participants included parents and children who participated in the PACE program in 2013-2014, where they were randomized into intervention (n = 76) and control (n = 73) groups. At the 18-month follow-up, participating parents completed questionnaires on their children's learning and behavior, and their own parenting.