Analysis of Fluid-Structure Interaction Mechanisms for a Native Aortic Valve, Patient-Specific Ozaki Procedure, and a Bioprosthetic Valve.

The Ozaki procedure is a surgical technique which avoids to implant foreign aortic valve prostheses in human heart, using the patient's own pericardium. Although this approach has well-identified benefits, it is still a topic of debate in the cardiac surgical community, which prevents its larger use to treat valve pathologies. This is linked to the actual lack of knowledge regarding the dynamics of tissue deformations and surrounding blood flow for this autograft pericardial valve.

Three-dimensional modelling of aortic leaflet coaptation and load-bearing surfaces: in silico design of aortic valve neocuspidizations.

Objectives: Three-dimensional (3D) modelling of aortic leaflets remains difficult due to insufficient resolution of medical imaging. We aimed to model the coaptation and load-bearing surfaces of the aortic leaflets and adapt this workflow to aid in the design of aortic valve neocuspidizations.

Methods: Geometric morphometrics, using landmarks and semilandmarks, was applied to the geometric determinants of the aortic leaflets from computed tomography, followed by an isogeometric analysis using Non-Uniform Rational Basis Splines (NURBS).

Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Reconstruction in Truncus Arteriosus: A 30-Year Two-Center Comparison between Homografts and Bovine Jugular Vein.

Introduction: Homografts and bovine jugular vein are the most commonly used conduits for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction at the time of primary repair of truncus arteriosus.

Methods: We reviewed all truncus patients from 1990 to 2020 in two mid-volume centers. Inclusion criteria were primary repair, age under one year, and implantation of either homograft or bovine jugular vein.

Partial Atrioventricular Septal Defect with Left Atrioventricular Valve Aneurysm Mimicking Valve Perforation.

Left atrioventricular valve aneurysm is a rare condition. Here we present a rare case of partial atrioventricular septal defect with an extremely thin left atrioventricular valve aneurysm mimicking valve perforation. Preoperative echocardiography demonstrated severe left sided atrioventricular valve regurgitation on the "cleft" and leaflet perforation.

Ventricular septal defect with anomalous origin of the left descending coronary artery from the right sinus of Valsava and an intraseptal course.

Patients with anomalous aortic origin of the left anterior descending coronary artery (AAOCA) from the right sinus of Valsava, and associated with a trans-septal course, are recommended for surgery only when symptoms of ischemia are present. The transconal unroofing method is straightforward and provides good anatomic result. In absence of significant coronary compression, surgical management of the trans-septal coronary course is proposed if the patient is a candidate to cardiac surgery for another reason, such as congenital heart disease.

Right ventricular remodelling after endo-exclusion during pulmonary valve replacement: evaluation by cardiac magnetic resonance.

Objectives: Pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) performed for pulmonary valve regurgitation is the most common indication for reoperation during mid-to-long-term follow-up after tetralogy of Fallot repair. An aneurysmal dilation of the infundibulum is often associated secondary to the infundibulotomy performed in the first operation. The right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction with endo-exclusion aims to exclude the non-contractile segments of the dilated right ventricular.

Anterograde blood flow associated with modified Blalock-Taussig shunt does not modify pulmonary artery growth compared with modified Blalock-Taussig shunt alone.

Background: The main difference between extreme tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and pulmonary atresia with ventricle septal defect (PA/VSD) is anterograde pulmonary blood flow (APBF). It is speculated that the association of modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (mBTS) with APBF favours shunt thrombosis, but promotes better pulmonary artery growth.

Aim: To compare pulmonary artery growth after mBTS between TOF and PA/VSD.

Berlin Heart EXCOR Paediatric Ventricular Assist Device: Does Weight Matter?

Background: Berlin Heart EXCOR (BH) ventricular assist devices provide mechanical long-term circulatory support in children with end-stage heart failure, as a bridge to transplantation or to recovery. Most studies are from large-volume paediatric cardiac centres.

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the experiences of three French centres and to compare these with available published data.

Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot: transannular path augmentation versus systemic to pulmonary artery shunt for first-stage palliation.

Background: Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and severe tetralogy of Fallot require a palliative procedure for pulmonary artery rehabilitation. For first-stage palliation, two main surgical options are still debated: right ventricle to pulmonary artery connection and modified Blalock-Taussig shunt. We compared the clinical outcomes of the two procedures.

Impact of a centre and home-based cardiac rehabilitation program on the quality of life of teenagers and young adults with congenital heart disease: The QUALI-REHAB study rationale, design and methods.

Background: Advances in congenital heart disease (CHD) have transferred the mortality from childhood to adulthood. Exercise capacity in young patients with CHD remains lower than in the general population, resulting in deconditioning and impaired quality of life. Evidence based-medicine in cardiac rehabilitation in this age group with CHD remains limited.

Predictive value of achieved blood pressure for cardiac events in the long-term follow-up of heart transplant recipients.

Background: A low diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is associated with increased cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease or chronic kidney disease.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the association of blood pressure with cardiac events during the long-term follow-up of heart transplant recipients.

Patients And Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we performed ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and home blood pressure monitoring in 76 transplant heart recipients 13.

Surgical management of children presenting with surgical-needed tracheal stenosis.

Objectives: The purpose of this work was to assess epidemiological aspects, surgical approach, morbidity and mortality rates of patients presenting with tracheal stenosis requiring surgery, and the evolution of surgical techniques over the last years.

Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study from 1990 to 2017 in a pediatric tertiary-care center with needing surgery for tracheal stenosis. We analyzed clinical patients' characteristics, type of stenosis, type of surgery and follow-up.

FOXC1 haploinsufficiency due to 6p25 deletion in a patient with rapidly progressing aortic valve disease.

6p25 deletion is a rare but well-known entity. The main clinical features include an abnormal facial appearance, developmental delay, and ocular anomalies. Cardiac anomalies are frequently seen but remain poorly delineated.

Early to mid-term results after total cavopulmonary connection performed in the second decade of life.

Objectives: Total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) performed in the second decade of life has rarely been studied. Thus, we investigated (bicentric study) early and late morbidity and mortality following completion of TCPC in these patients.

Methods: From January 1999 to June 2014, 63 patients (14.

Predictive value of E/A and E/E' Doppler indexes for cardiac events in heart transplant recipients.

Background: Doppler-derived indexes associated with high left ventricular filling pressures are risk factors for cardiac events in various populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of two of these Doppler indexes during the long-term follow-up of heart transplantation.

Methods And Results: In this cohort study, we measured E/A ratio combining early filling velocity (E) with late filling velocity (A) and E/E' ratio combining E wave with relaxation velocity on tissue doppler (E') in 122 transplant heart recipients, 6.

Management of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery in an adult with ischemic cardiomyopathy and pulmonary hypertension.

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery is a rare congenital anomaly that usually presents in infancy with cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. Surgical reimplantation of the anomalous left coronary artery is offered as definitive treatment in infancy. We describe the case of a 26-year-old man presenting with cardiomyopathy who was identified to have an anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery.

Perventricular closure of muscular ventricular septal defects in infants with echocardiographic guidance only.

Objective: To report our experience with perventricular closure of muscular (apical) ventricular septal defects (VSDs) in small infants, with echocardiographic guidance only, in a nonhybrid suite.

Methods: Eight infants with nine large muscular (apical) VSDs underwent perventricular device closure in a nonhybrid operating room, with transesophageal and epicardial echocardiography guidance, at a mean age and weight of 3.07 (0.

Management of patients with pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect, hypoplastic pulmonary arteries and major aorto-pulmonary collaterals: Focus on the strategy of rehabilitation of the native pulmonary arteries.

Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (VSD), hypoplastic native pulmonary arteries (PAs) and major aorto-pulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs) is a rare and complex congenital cardiac disease. In broad outline, two surgical approaches are available for patients with this condition. The first is characterized by one or several stages of complete unifocalization of the supplying MAPCAs, with or without incorporation of the native pulmonary arteries (PAs), connection of the right ventricle to the 'neo-Pas' and, if possible, concomitant or delayed closure of the VSD.

Pulmonary position cryopreserved homograft in non-Ross patients: how to improve the results?

Objectives: The outcomes of homografts (HGs) in the reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) in non-Ross patients are often considered disappointing, compared with Ross patients; and the risk factors for HG degeneration are still controversial. The objective of this study was to determine the durability and prognostic factors related to the HGs implanted in non-Ross patients and to propose potential ways to improve the results.

Methods: A retrospective study (1993-2010) included 115 consecutive non-Ross patients who received a HG for RVOT reconstruction.