A homogenized cerebrospinal fluid model for diffuse optical tomography in the neonatal head.

Diffuse optical tomography is a non-invasive and non-irradiating medical imaging technique that is particularly suitable for cerebral monitoring of newborns since it can be used at the bedside of the patient. Here, a new model for optical tomography in the neonatal brain is presented that takes into account the presence of arachnoid trabeculae in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is known that the classical diffusion approximation (DA) for light propagation is at the limit of validity in the CSF layer due to the low values of the absorption and scattering coefficients.

EEG in neonates: Forward modeling and sensitivity analysis with respect to variations of the conductivity.

The paper is devoted to the analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) in neonates. The goal is to investigate the impact of fontanels on EEG measurements, i.e.

Determinants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 resistance to membrane-anchored gp41-derived peptides.

The expression of a membrane-anchored gp41-derived peptide (M87) has been shown to confer protection from infection through human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (Hildinger et al., J. Virol.

T20-insensitive HIV-1 from naive patients exhibits high viral fitness in a novel dual-color competition assay on primary cells.

The relationship between sensitivity to antiviral drugs and viral fitness is of paramount importance in understanding the long-term implications of clinical resistance. Here we report the development of a novel recombinant virus assay to study entry inhibitor-resistant HIV variants using a biologically relevant cell type, primary CD4 T-cells. We have modified the replication-competent molecular clone HIV(NL4-3) to express a reporter protein (Renilla luciferase), Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP), or Red Fluorescent Protein (DsRed2) upon infection, thus allowing quantification of replication.

[Follow-up treatment of schizophrenic psychoses: advantages and disadvantages of long-term medication].

In completely remitted schizophrenic patients with formerly paranoid-hallucinatory symptoms, the reoccurrence of relapses can be reduced in an extremely high percentage by relatively low neuroleptic long-term treatment specifically adjusted to each patient. Without medication there is an extremely high rate of relapses to be expected. In prophylactic neuroleptic medication the dose must be calculated individually.