Vitamin E in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia: the possible involvement of free radical mechanisms.

One of the major problems associated with long-term neuroleptic treatment is persistent tardive dyskinesia (TD), for which there is no satisfactory treatment. We have recently proposed that some cases of TD are associated with neuronal dysfunction resulting from excess free radical production occurring during catecholamine metabolism. We therefore decided to assess the efficacy of a powerful free radical scavenging agent, alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E), on the clinical signs of TD.

Residual insulin positivity and pancreatic atrophy in relation to duration of chronic type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and microangiopathy.

The relationship of residual insulin positivity in chronic Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes and atrophy of the exocrine pancreas to duration of diabetes, age at onset and microangiopathy was studied in 26 patients (disease duration 2 to 54 years, mean 26 years). Islets containing insulin cells were found in 13/26 pancreata. In 5/13 pancreata insulin positive cells were detected in only one lobule, while in 8/13 insulin positivity was multifocal.

Morphometry and immunocytochemistry.

The use of morphometry (and stereology), especially in conjunction with immunocytochemistry, in surgical and experimental pathology is reviewed. The combined use of morphometry and immunocytochemistry permits the study of secretory products and the distinction between cells that produce them, e.g.

Peer-group affiliation and adolescent self-esteem: an integration of ego-identity and symbolic-interaction theories.

To evaluate expectations derived from ego-identity theory and symbolic-interaction theories about the association between self-concept and peer-group affiliations in adolescence, we examined the self-esteem of 221 7th through 12th graders associated by peers with one of five major school crowds and 106 students relatively unknown by classmates and not associated with any school crowd. Among crowd members, self-esteem was directly related to the position of one's crowd in the peer-group status hierarchy (based on both peer-rated and self-perceived crowd affiliation). Outsiders' self-esteem differed in relation to the accuracy of their reflected appraisal of and the salience they attached to crowd affiliation.

Intimacy and depression in older women.

This study examines the effects of the qualities of intimate relationships on depression in older women. The data are from a study of women over 50, randomly selected from five census tracts in Madison, Wisconsin, who were given questionnaires about depression and the quality of their intimate relationships on two occasions (summer of 1978 and summer of 1979). The results showed that some dimensions of the relationships that the women described with their most significant others predicted depression.

Islet pathology and the pathogenesis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus revisited.

The present review draws attention to the diversity of islet lesions seen in human type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This heterogeneity of islet changes is best demonstrated by immunocytochemistry. In type 1 diabetes the endocrine pancreas is characterized by selective loss of B cells, which most likely results from a slowly acting autoimmune process depending on the presence of both genetic and environmental factors.