Follow-up of expressive language and general development at 12, 18 and 36 months for children with no canonical babbling at 10 months.

Little is known about the developmental trajectories in children who do not use canonical babbling (CB) at 10 months. The aim was to examine how speech, language, cognitive and motor abilities developed in children without CB. For 15 children identified as not having CB, consonant production, expressive vocabulary and general development were assessed at 12, 18 and 36 months from audio-video recordings.

Expressive vocabulary intervention for four 2- to 3-year-old children with cerebral palsy and speech/language difficulties: A single-case A-B study.

Purpose: To evaluate a parent-delivered expressive vocabulary intervention using focused stimulation for young children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Method: A single case A-B design was used. Use of expressive target words was evaluated during the baseline (A) and intervention (B) phases.

Using Artificial Intelligence for Assessment of Velopharyngeal Competence in Children Born With Cleft Palate With or Without Cleft Lip.

Objective: Development of an AI tool to assess velopharyngeal competence (VPC) in children with cleft palate, with/without cleft lip.

Design: Innovation of an AI tool using retrospective audio recordings and assessments of VPC.

Setting: Two datasets were used.

Longitudinal Speech Outcome at 5 and 10 Years in UCLP: Influence of Speech Therapy and Secondary Velopharyngeal Surgery.

Objective: To investigate speech development of children aged 5 and 10 years with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and identify speech characteristics when speech proficiency is not at 'peer level' at 10 years. Estimate how the number of speech therapy visits are related to speech proficiency at 10 years, and what factors are predictive of whether a child's speech proficiency at 10 years is at 'peer level' or not.

Design: Longitudinal complete datasets from the Scandcleft project.

Timing of Primary Surgery for Cleft Palate.

Background: Among infants with isolated cleft palate, whether primary surgery at 6 months of age is more beneficial than surgery at 12 months of age with respect to speech outcomes, hearing outcomes, dentofacial development, and safety is unknown.

Methods: We randomly assigned infants with nonsyndromic isolated cleft palate, in a 1:1 ratio, to undergo standardized primary surgery at 6 months of age (6-month group) or at 12 months of age (12-month group) for closure of the cleft. Standardized assessments of quality-checked video and audio recordings at 1, 3, and 5 years of age were performed independently by speech and language therapists who were unaware of the trial-group assignments.

Babbling in extremely premature infants at 12 months corrected age.

Babbling is an important precursor to speech in infancy, and deviations from the typical babbling development can predict later difficulties in speech, language, and communication. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate babbling and early speech in Swedish extremely premature infants. Samples of babbling were collected from 20 extremely premature infants (EPT group) at the corrected age of 12 months.

Models for Predicting Velopharyngeal Competence Based on Speech and Resonance Errors and Velopharyngeal Area Estimation.

Objective: To develop tools for predicting velopharyngeal competence (VPC) based on auditory-perceptual assessment and its correlation with objective measures of velopharyngeal orifice area.

Design: Methodological study.

Participants And Methods: Sixty-two patients with repaired cleft palate, aged 6 to 45 years, underwent aerodynamic evaluation by means of the pressure-flow technique and audiovisual recording of speech samples.

Scandcleft randomized trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: Speech proficiency at 10 years of age.

Background & Aim: To assess consonant proficiency and velopharyngeal function in 10-year-old children born with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) within the Scandcleft project.

Methods & Procedures: Three parallel group, randomized, clinical trials were undertaken as an international multicentre study by nine cleft teams in five countries. Three different surgical protocols for primary palate repair (Arm B-Lip and soft palate closure at 3-4 months, hard palate closure at 36 months, Arm C-Lip closure at 3-4 months, hard and soft palate closure at 12 months, and Arm D-Lip closure at 3-4 months combined with a single-layer closure of the hard palate using a vomer flap, soft palate closure at 12 months) were tested against a common procedure (Arm A-Lip and soft palate closure at 3-4 months followed by hard palate closure at 12 months) in the total cohort of 431 children born with a non-syndromic UCLP.

Asking parents about babbling at 10 months produced valid answers but did not predict language screening result 2 years later.

Aim: We evaluated the concurrent and predictive validity of questions to parents of 10-month-old children about babbling.

Methods: Children with at least one native Swedish-speaking parent were eligible for inclusion in this prospective longitudinal study. The parents were asked three questions about babbling at a routine healthcare visit.

On the Benefits of Speech-Language Therapy for Individuals Born With Cleft Palate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Individual Participant Data.

Purpose: Cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) is a common birth defect, and after reconstructive surgery, about 50% of children at 5 years of age have speech deviations and are referred to speech-language therapy (SLT). The peer-reviewed evidence for the benefit of SLT has been uncertain. Our objective was to systematically review and meta-analytically summarize the benefit of SLT for individuals born with CLP.

Canonical babbling ratio - Concurrent and predictive evaluation of the 0.15 criterion.

Introduction: Canonical babbling ratio (CBR) is a commonly used measure to quantify canonical babbling (CB), and 0.15 is the commonly accepted criterion for the canonical babbling stage. However, this has not been thoroughly investigated.

Speech feature profiles in Swedish 5-year-olds with speech sound disorder related to suspected childhood apraxia of speech or cleft palate.

To study the occurrence of speech features commonly associated with Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS) in Swedish children with suspected CAS (sCAS) or Speech Sound Disorder (SSD) related to Cleft Palate and/or Lip (CP ± L). Thirty-four children (4.10-5.

Impact of auditory variables on consonant production in babbling and early speech in children with moderate hearing loss - a longitudinal study.

This longitudinal study aimed to investigate early consonant production and the impact of hearing aid (HA) use, and aided audibility in Swedish children with moderate hearing loss (CHL) who received amplification before 6 months of age. CHL (n = 11) and children with normal hearing (CNH) (n = 11) were followed-up at 10, 18, and 36 months of age. At 10 months of age, the CHL used significantly fewer oral stops ( < 0.

Speech Outcome and Self-Reported Communicative Ability in Young Adults Born With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Comparing Long-Term Results After 2 Different Surgical Methods for Palatal Repair.

Objective: To compare speech outcome and self-reported speech and communicative ability (SOK) in young adults treated with one-stage (OS) or two-stage (TS) palatal repair. Furthermore, to compare with normative data on individuals without cleft lip and palate and to study the relationship between patients' and experts' judgments.

Design: A cross-sectional group comparison study with long-term follow-up.

Expressive vocabulary development in children with moderate hearing loss - the impact of auditory variables and early consonant production.

In this study, the early expressive vocabulary development was investigated in a group of children with moderate hearing loss (HL). Size and development of expressive vocabulary from 18 30 months were analyzed and compared to a group of children with normal hearing (NH). For the children with HL, the impact of auditory variables on number of words were examined.

Speech and Language in 5-year-olds with Different Neurological Disabilities and the Association between Early and Later Consonant Production.

The primary aim was to describe speech and language abilities in a clinical group of verbal 5-year-old children diagnosed with neurological disability (ND) in infancy, and the secondary aim was to trace precursors to consonant production at age 5 years (T2) in data from 12 to 22 months (T1). The participants (n = 11, with Down syndrome (DS), cerebral palsy, and chromosomal deletion syndromes) were tested with a battery of speech and language tests. Consonant production at T2 was compared to data on consonant use at T1.

Treatment of active nasal fricatives substituting /s/ in young children with normal palatal function using motor-based intervention.

The aim was to evaluate the effect of a motor-based, hierarchically structured intervention directed at active nasal fricatives substituting /s/ in young children with normal palatal function. An experimental single-subject design was replicated across three children, aged 4-6 years, with normal palatal function, who substituted oral /s/ with active nasal fricatives. Treatment was performed weekly by a speech-language pathologist and included home training conducted by parents.

Canonical Babbling and Early Consonant Development Related to Hearing in Children With Otitis Media With Effusion With or Without Cleft Palate.

Objective: To investigate and compare babbling, early consonant production and proficiency from 10 to 36 months of age and its relationship with hearing in children with otitis media with effusion (OME) with or without cleft palate.

Design: Prospective, longitudinal group comparison study.

Setting: University hospital.

Scandcleft Project Trial 3: Comparison of Speech Outcomes in Relation to Sequence in 2-Stage Palatal Repair Procedures in 5-Year-Olds With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.

Objective: To compare speech outcome following different sequencing of hard and soft palate closure between arms and centers within trial 3 and compare results to peers without cleft palate.

Design: A prospective randomized clinical trial.

Setting: Two Norwegian and 2 British centers.

Babbling and consonant production in children with hearing impairment who use hearing aids or cochlear implants - a pilot study.

To investigate early auditory prerequisites in relation to the use of canonical babbling (CB) and early consonant production in a heterogeneous group of children with hearing impairment (HI) and in comparison to controls with normal hearing (NH). Five children with unilateral or bilateral HI who used hearing aids (HA) (0;9-1;7 years) and six children with cochlear implants (CI) (0;10-2;0 years) were compared to data from 22 children with NH (0;10-1;6 years). Hearing age, type of HI and daily use of hearing technology (hours) was investigated in relation to CB ratio and consonant production.

Hearing Thresholds in Young Children With Otitis Media With Effusion With and Without Cleft Palate.

Objective: To investigate hearing thresholds in children born with cleft palate and in children with otitis media with effusion but no cleft palate.

Design: Prospective longitudinal group comparison study.

Setting: University hospital.

Scandcleft Project Trial 2-Comparison of Speech Outcome in 1- and 2-Stage Palatal Closure in 5-Year-Olds With UCLP.

Objective: To investigate in-depth speech results in the Scandcleft Trial 2 with comparisons between surgical protocols and centers and with benchmarks from peers without cleft palate.

Design: A prospective randomized clinical trial.

Setting: Two Swedish and one Finnish Cleft Palate center.

Assessment of prelinguistic vocalizations in real time: a comparison with phonetic transcription and assessment of inter-coder-reliability.

This study investigated reliability of naturalistic listening in real time (NLRT) compared to phonetic transcription. Speech pathology students with brief training in NLRT assessed prelinguistic syllable inventory size and specific syllable types in typically developing infants. A second study also examined inter-coder reliability for canonical babbling, canonical babbling ratio and presence of oral stops in syllable inventory of infants with cleft palate, by means of NLRT.

Timing Of Primary Surgery for cleft palate (TOPS): protocol for a randomised trial of palate surgery at 6 months versus 12 months of age.

Introduction: Cleft palate is among the most common birth abnormalities. The success of primary surgery in the early months of life is crucial for successful feeding, speech, hearing, dental development and facial growth. Over recent decades, age at palatal surgery in infancy has reduced.

Scandcleft Project, Trial 1: Comparison of Speech Outcome in Relation to Timing of Hard Palate Closure in 5-Year-Olds With UCLP.

Objective: To compare in-depth speech results in Scandcleft Trial 1 as well as reference data from peers without cleft palate (CP).

Design: A prospective randomized clinical trial.

Setting: A Danish and a Swedish CP center.