PHENOTYPIC RESISTANCE PROFILES OF SALMONELLA ENTERICA ISOLATED FROM WILD FELIDS IN COSTA RICA BETWEEN 2021 AND 2022.

spp. are one of the leading causes of illness, and in the last years there is an increasing interest in the role of different wild animals as reservoir of , especially multidrug resistant strains. To establish preventive and action strategies, it is essential to monitor bacterial resistance profiles and systematically collect information.

First Report of Isolation in Laying Hens and Broiler Breeders with Spotty Liver Disease in Costa Rica.

Poultry producers in Costa Rica have informally reported a spotty liver disease-like syndrome for more than 20 yr. However, despite many attempts, the infectious agent responsible for this syndrome had not been identified. Therefore, following current knowledge of spotty liver disease diagnosis, we invited veterinarians and poultry producers to submit samples to the diagnostic laboratories of the Veterinary Medicine School, Universidad Nacional, to identify the infectious agent of this syndrome.

Highly Effective Frontal Stunning Procedure Using a Pneumatic Penetrating Captive Bolt in Water Buffaloes.

An effective frontal stunning procedure in water buffaloes was assessed using a pneumatic penetrating captive bolt (PPCB) with high air pressure. The study contemplated two phases; first, 352 buffaloes and 168 post-mortem heads were evaluated to determine the most effective anatomical site for stunning. Then, the second phase ( = 182) was used to validate the stunning procedure at the discovered anatomical site in the first phase, which was located 8 cm dorsal above the middle of the forehead on an "X" formed between the eyes and the base of the contralateral horns, and 2 cm lateral, avoiding the midline, where the skull tended to narrow.

The regulon of Brucella abortus two-component system BvrR/BvrS reveals the coordination of metabolic pathways required for intracellular life.

Brucella abortus is a facultative intracellular pathogen causing a severe zoonotic disease worldwide. The two-component regulatory system (TCS) BvrR/BvrS of B. abortus is conserved in members of the Alphaproteobacteria class.

The Impact of Overstocking and Negative Energy Balance on Quantitative Measurement of Non-typhoidal in Periparturient Dairy Cattle.

Stressful conditions in animal production facilities may exacerbate the fecal shedding and foodborne transmission of non-typhoidal . Dairy cows are reservoirs of this zoonotic microorganism, and its prevalence has roughly doubled in the past decade on dairy farms in United States. Dairy cows are commonly overstocked at the feed bunk, and stressors placed on the animal prior to parturition may exacerbate shedding.

Temporal Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of Fecal Escherichia coli from Deer.

The changing epidemiologic role of wildlife as reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) is poorly understood. In this study, we characterize the phenotypic resistance of commensal Escherichia coli from fecal samples of 879 individual white-tailed (Odocoileus virginianus; WTD) over a ten-year period and analyze resistance patterns. Our results show commensal E.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Genetic Diversity of Campylobacter spp. Isolated from Broiler Chicken at Three Levels of the Poultry Production Chain in Costa Rica.

Abstract: Campylobacter spp. are considered the most common bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis, one of the four main causes of diarrheal disease worldwide, and they are one of the main foodborne pathogens causing hospitalizations and deaths. Here, 148 strains of Campylobacter spp.

Fecal microbiome of periparturient dairy cattle and associations with the onset of Salmonella shedding.

Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica is a zoonotic pathogen with critical importance in animal and public health. The persistence of Salmonella on farms affects animal productivity and health, and represents a risk for food safety. The intestinal microbiota plays a fundamental role in the colonization and invasion of this ubiquitous microorganism.

Prevalence and Transmission of Antimicrobial Resistance in a Vertically Integrated Veal Calf Production System.

Transmission of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) from animal production systems to humans through the food supply is a public health concern. Currently, little is known about the prevalence of AMR among veal calves in the United States. Therefore, the objective of this prospective cohort study was to estimate the prevalence of AMR and multidrug resistance (MDR) among Escherichia coli within a vertically integrated production system.

Impact of Clinical Salmonellosis in Veal Calves on the Recovery of Salmonella in Lymph Nodes at Harvest.

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, serotypes, antimicrobial resistance phenotypes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of Salmonella recovered in feces and mesenteric and prefemoral lymph nodes (LNs) from cohorts of calves with and without a confirmed outbreak of salmonellosis. In a prospective cohort study, 160 calves from four farms without a reported outbreak (nonoutbreak farms) were sampled at farm and harvest. In addition, harvest samples from 80 calves of two farms with a confirmed outbreak (outbreak farms) were collected.

High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus at the Largest Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Costa Rica.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a pathogen associated with severe infections in companion animals present in the community, and it is diagnosed in animals admitted to veterinary hospitals. However, reports that describe the circulation of MRSA in animal populations and veterinary settings in Latin America are scarce. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and investigate the molecular epidemiology of MRSA in the environment of the largest veterinary teaching hospital in Costa Rica.