Sensing Small Changes in Protein Abundance: Stimulation of Caco-2 Cells by Human Whey Proteins.

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic approaches have largely facilitated our systemic understanding of cellular processes and biological functions. Cutoffs in protein expression fold changes (FCs) are often arbitrarily determined in MS-based quantification with no demonstrable determination of small magnitude changes in protein expression. Therefore, many biological insights may remain veiled due to high FC cutoffs.

Modulation of adipocyte differentiation by omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids involves the ubiquitin-proteasome system.

We have evaluated the effects of three different omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) – docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) on fat accumulation and expression of adipogenic and inflammatory markers using both 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our results indicate that ω-3 PUFAs induce the degradation of fatty acid synthase through the ubiquitin-proteasome system, which is likely to have beneficial metabolic effect on adipose cells. Omega-3 PUFAs also increase overall levels of polyubiquitinated proteins, at least in part through decreasing the expression of proteasome subunits.

Comparative morphometric study on the depth of invasion in vulvar carcinoma.

Various studies assess the significance of depth of invasion as an important prognostic factor in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. However, methodologic problems exist with regard to the measurement points. While the deepest point of invasion can be measured accurately, the upper reference point is arbitrarily chosen.

Melanoma of the vulva.

This study evaluated the prognostic value of different morphologic tumor parameters in 13 cases of malignant melanoma. Tumor thickness correlated well with survival. The prognostic index--tumor thickness multiplied by the number of mitoses per square millimeter--was useful in predicting metastasis risk.

[Postoperative complications following gynecologic operations in elderly females with benign and malignant changes of the genitals].

The retrospective study reported here, which covered 2116 patients operated on, indicates that postoperative complications are more likely to occur in women aged over 60 than in younger patients. There is also a connection between the patient's age and previous internal disease, the surgical approach, and the severity of the change requiring surgery. The connection between age and postoperative complications is principally explained by previous internal disease.

Infiltrating mononuclear cells in human breast carcinoma: predominance of T4+ monocytic cells in the tumor stroma.

Frozen sections of 52 breast carcinomas were examined for the presence and nature of a leukocytic infiltrate. The number of "common leukocyte (T200-) antigen"-bearing cells was remarkably high in the stromal compartment of the carcinomas, whereas the tumor foci themselves were usually infiltrated only sparsely. Approximately 80% of these T200+ stromal cells carried the myelomonocyte lineage-associated antigens M-M522 and 63D3 and exhibited "non-specific esterase" activity.

[Diagnostic conization in clinical cervix cancer].

Various methods of tissue sampling are used to verify histologically a clinical carcinoma of the cervix. The question arises whether or not diagnostic cone biopsy has any influence on the treatment and/or the clinical course of this disease. The clinical and histological data and the follow-up of 185 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix were statistically evaluated.

[Selective removal of one twin with trisomy 21 by sectio parva in the 23rd week of pregnancy and later spontaneous birth of the healthy twin].

In a 41-year old tertipara with twin pregnancy, foetal chromosome analysis showed a boy without abnormal findings, 46, XY, and a boy with free trisomy 21. Abortion of the abnormal twin was performed in the 23rd week of pregnancy via sectio parva. Despite preoperative onset of tocolysis and ultimately performed circular suture of the cervix, premature rupture of the membranes occurred in the 28th pregnancy week, followed by spontaneous birth of the second twin weighing 1010 g.

What's new in prognosis of uterine cancer?

Prognosis represents an attempt of prediction of a future evolution, based on the critical judgement of a present status. A prognosis may have a qualitative as well as a quantitative character. The qualitative evaluation considers whether the course of a disease is modified, which means, whether it is influenced in a favourable or a disadvantageous way.

[Surgical treatment of cervix cancer. Treatment results and data on the postoperative course over a minimum of 5 years following uniform surgery and standardized histological examination of the histological material of 1092 patients at 4 university gynecology clinics].

Treatment results of 1092 patients with operated cervical carcinoma were evaluated and assessed on the basis of data supplied by four University Clinics of gynaecology. Surgical treatment and histological processing of all surgical specimens were uniform. Indication for postoperative radiation was determined differently at the individual clinics.

[Morphological criteria in decreased patients who had undergone surgery for cervical cancer].

In 966 patients who had undergone surgery and who had been suffering from squamous cell carcinoma, tumour recurrence occurred in 16.8% of the cases. In almost 70% of these cases, recurrence was seen in the first two years following treatment.

[Comparison of mammography and automated sonography in 700 patients].

700 patients underwent routinely x-ray mammography and breast ultrasound with an automated grey-scale breast scanner. The parenchymal pattern of the ultrasound B-scan was morphological identical to the x-ray film. The echogram gave further informations about the topographic localisation of pathologic lesions to the chest wall including the pectoral muscles.

Prognostic criteria in patients with endometrial cancer.

Between 1970 and 1977 216 patients were operated on for adenocarcinoma of the endometrium at the I. Universitäts-Frauenklinik, Munich. The 5-year-survival rate for stage Ia was 79.

[Hysterectomy for septicemia following caesarean section].

From 1971 to 1980 20 patients at the first department of women of the university of Munich required a puerperal hysterectomy because of septicemia following caesarean section. During the same time a total of 2,726 caesarean sections were performed. 14 of the 20 women requiring hysterectomy had the caesarean section in the first department for women.

[Non-radiologic measures for the diagnosis of ovarian carcinomas].

The ovarian carcinoma is still a problematic carcinoma. There are no early symptoms and no early diagnostics. Those carcinomas which are detected in an initial stage are generally found by chance during an operation indicated otherwise.

[The prognostic importance of the stage in patients operated for carcinoma of the endometrium (author's transl)].

The operative specimens of 216 patients who underwent operation for adenocarcinoma of the endometrium stage I and stage II were thoroughly examined. It was found that measuring the maximal depth of infiltration of the carcinoma in relation to the thickness of the uterine wall and other morphological criteria of the tumours such as tumour grading, and carcinomatous lymphangiosis have greater prognostic value than clinical staging and the length of the uterine cavity to the sound. In contradistinction to other observations we found that patients with a short length of the uterus had more often recurrences and distant metastases than patients with a long uterine length to the sound.

[Formation of metastases in the ovaries in operated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri (author's transl)].

Formation of metastases in the ovaries in carcinoma of the uterine cervix is a rare occurrence. 749 ovaries were subjected to histological examination in 980 operated patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. A metastatic carcinoma in the ovary was identified in four patients (0.