Engineering Human Mesenchymal Bodies in a Novel 3D-Printed Microchannel Bioreactor for Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis.

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) and their derived products hold potential in tissue engineering and as therapeutics in a wide range of diseases. hMSCs possess the ability to aggregate into "spheroids", which has been used as a preconditioning technique to enhance their therapeutic potential by upregulating stemness, immunomodulatory capacity, and anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic secretome. Few studies have investigated the impact on hMSC aggregate properties stemming from dynamic and static aggregation techniques.

Lignin-Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes: Lignin-Graft-Poly(ethylene glycol).

Lignin is an aromatic-rich biomass polymer that is cheap, abundant, and sustainable. However, its application in the solid electrolyte field is rare due to challenges in well-defined polymer synthesis. Herein, the synthesis of lignin-graft-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and its conductivity test for a solid electrolyte application are demonstrated.