Publications by authors named "Lodge M"

Purpose: Hospital surgical services that utilise the approach of the perioperative medicine for older people undergoing surgery (POPS) model of care improve outcomes for older people contemplating and undergoing surgery. Complex models of care like POPS may be difficult to implement without understanding the elements that comprise that model of care. Logic models can be used to aid implementation by visually depicting theoretical relationships between the elements of the model of care.

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Background: Recent evidence suggests that frailty may be a more reliable measure than age to predict outcomes following trauma. Frailty leads to prolonged hospitalisation and increased burden on the hospital system in older patients. The aim of this study is to review the prevalence of frailty in our trauma patients and the association of frailty with hospital-based and twelve-month outcomes.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study was conducted at Children's Hospital Los Angeles to examine the impact of home health nursing (HHN) on hospital readmissions in children aged 0-21 who underwent tracheostomy placement between December 2016 and February 2023.
  • Among 130 participants, 57% received HHN after discharge, and the overall 30-day hospital readmission rate was 14.6%.
  • The results indicated that HHN did not affect readmission rates for those on home mechanical ventilation, but it significantly reduced readmissions for kids not using HMV, suggesting HHN can help in the transition from hospital to home care.
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Objectives: To review the epidemiology of elderly trauma at the Kind Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and carry out risk-adjusted analyses to benchmark outcomes with the Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia, the largest Australasian trauma service.

Methods: This retrospective study included records of injured patients (≥65 years) from the hospital trauma registries during 2022. Demographic and injury data were extracted.

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Objective: This study aimed to translate previous implementation science research describing the implementation of perioperative medicine for older people undergoing surgery (POPS) services into a format that is comprehensible and relevant to clinical leaders contemplating implementing a POPS service.

Methods: We conducted a multistage expert end-user review process to design a POPS implementation guide. Our expert research team created a draft POPS service implementation guide using previous implementation science research that described the core elements and implementation of a POPS service.

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Elevations in fructose consumption have been reported to contribute significantly to an increased incidence of obesity and metabolic diseases in industrial countries. Mechanistically, a high fructose intake leads to the dysregulation of glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol metabolism in the liver, and causes elevations in inflammation and drives the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A high fructose consumption is considered to be toxic to the body, and there are ongoing measures to develop pharmaceutical therapies targeting fructose metabolism.

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Aims: In 2020 the UK Global Cancer Network (UKGCN) was formed to unite those in the UK interested in Global Oncology and to strengthen collaborative partnerships with stakeholders working across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in cancer health systems, governance, and care. The UKGCN undertook a mapping exercise to document collaborations to inform the UK's global oncology strategy.

Materials And Methods: A semi-structured survey was developed and disseminated using a snowball method over ten weeks from February 2021 across the UK's cancer community, to identify individuals and institutions engaged in clinical practice, research, and/or education with partners in LMICs.

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Objective: To construct a standardised, consensus-guided minimum clinical dataset (MCDS) for preoperative comprehensive geriatric assessment and optimisation (CGA) in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand.

Methods: We conducted a review of the international perioperative literature to identify CGA domains and tools for potential inclusion in the MCDS. We invited members of the Australian and New Zealand Society for Geriatric Medicine to participate in a Delphi study to obtain consensus on MCDS tools.

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Introduction: Despite the well-recognized health benefits, the mechanisms and site of action of metformin remains elusive. Metformin-induced global lipidomic changes in plasma of animal models and human subjects have been reported. However, there is a lack of systemic evaluation of metformin-induced lipidomic changes in different tissues.

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Background: The international scale and spread of evidence-based perioperative medicine for older people undergoing surgery (POPS) services has not yet been fully realised. Implementation science provides a structured approach to understanding factors that act as barriers and facilitators to the implementation of POPS services. In this study, we aimed to identify factors that influence the implementation of POPS services in the UK.

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Over-consumption of fructose in adults and children has been linked to increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recent studies have highlighted the effect of fructose on liver inflammation, fibrosis, and immune cell activation. However, little work summarizes the direct impact of fructose on macrophage infiltration, phenotype, and function within the liver.

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Three-dimensional Dirac semimetals with square-net non-symmorphic symmetry, such as ternary ZrXY (X = Si, Ge; Y = S, Se, Te) compounds, have attracted significant attention owing to the presence of topological nodal lines, loops, or networks in their bulk. Orbital symmetry plays a profound role in such materials as the different branches of the nodal dispersion can be distinguished by their distinct orbital symmetry eigenvalues. The presence of different eigenvalues suggests that scattering between states of different orbital symmetry may be strongly suppressed.

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Background & Aims: Activated CD8 T cells are elevated in Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and are important for driving fibrosis and inflammation. Despite this, mechanisms of CD8 T cell activation in NASH are largely limited. Specific CD8 T cell subsets may become activated through metabolic signals or cytokines.

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This study aimed to assess the accuracy of intraprostatic tumor volume measurements on prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted F-DCFPyL PET/CT made with various segmentation methods. An accurate understanding of tumor volumes versus segmentation techniques is critical for therapy planning, such as radiation dose volume determination and response assessment. Twenty-five men with clinically localized, high-risk prostate cancer were imaged with F-DCFPyL PET/CT before radical prostatectomy.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study focuses on the female athlete triad (Triad) and relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs), which are issues related to the health and performance of female athletes caused by low energy availability.
  • - Researchers surveyed 275 female cross-country athletes to assess their knowledge and confidence regarding Triad and REDs, finding significant differences in educational impact scores based on factors like academic focus and previous education on these topics.
  • - The results indicate a correlation between higher peak career mileage and Triad diagnoses, emphasizing the need for better education and preventative measures for female athletes to address Triad and REDs effectively.
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Background: Understanding factors that influence the transition to permanent residential aged care following a stroke or transient ischemic attack may inform strategies to support people to live at home longer. We aimed to identify the demographic, clinical, and system factors that may influence the transition from living in the community to permanent residential care in the 6 to 18 months following stroke/transient ischemic attack.

Methods: Linked data cohort analysis of adults from Queensland and Victoria aged ≥65 years and registered in the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry (2012-2016) with a clinical diagnosis of stroke/transient ischemic attack and living in the community in the first 6 months post-hospital discharge.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The narrative review focuses on the consequences of low carbohydrate availability (LCA) for female endurance athletes, linking it to low energy availability (LEA) which can lead to health issues like the Female Athlete Triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S).
  • - LCA is commonly overlooked in research despite its potential impact on both health and performance, with findings showing it can negatively affect endurance athletes.
  • - The review highlights the need for better carbohydrate intake strategies specific to female athletes, as current recommendations may not adequately address their unique nutritional needs.
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Background: Neuropathological and neuroimaging studies have demonstrated degeneration of the serotonin system in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuroimaging studies have extended these observations to the preclinical stages of AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Serotonin degeneration has been observed also in transgenic amyloid mouse models, prior to widespread cortical distribution of amyloid-β (Aβ).

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Background: Major burns are associated with multiple risk factors for thrombosis such as decreased mobilization and systemic inflammation. It is unclear if these factors are offset by the inherent lower thrombosis risk in the paediatric patient. As such there is no consensus on thromboprophylaxis for paediatric burns patients, in contrast to this being a mainstay of treatment in the adult population.

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Ultra-low temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS) achieved by dilution refrigeration can provide unrivalled insight into the local electronic structure of quantum materials and atomic-scale quantum systems. Effective isolation from mechanical vibration and acoustic noise is critical in order to achieve ultimate spatial and energy resolution. Here, we report on the design and performance of an ultra-low vibration (ULV) laboratory hosting a customized but otherwise commercially available 40 mK STM.

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Purpose: Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is an enzyme that shapes immune signaling through its role in maintaining the homeostasis of polyunsaturated fatty acids and their related byproducts. [F]FNDP is a radiotracer developed for use with positron emission tomography (PET) to image sEH, which has been applied to imaging sEH in the brains of healthy individuals. Here, we report the test-retest repeatability of [F]FNDP brain PET binding and [F]FNDP whole-body dosimetry in healthy individuals.

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Background: Tuberous breast is a complex congenital breast anomaly that can be challenging to correct surgically.

Objectives: The authors conducted a systematic review with pooled analysis of data, with the aim of determining the effectiveness and complications related to operative management of the deformity.

Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were adopted in performing this systematic review.

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Objectives: We evaluated F-DCFPyL test-retest repeatability of uptake in normal organs.

Methods: Twenty-two prostate cancer (PC) patients underwent two F-DCFPyL PET scans within 7 days within a prospective clinical trial (NCT03793543). In both PET scans, uptake in normal organs (kidneys, spleen, liver, and salivary and lacrimal glands) was quantified.

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The Global Power of Oncology Nursing held their 3rd annual conference on 'Celebrating Oncology Nursing: From Adversity to Opportunity'. The conference, held virtually, addressed three major nursing challenges: health workforce and migration, climate change and cancer nursing within humanitarian settings. Around the world, nurses are working in situations of adversity, whether due to the ongoing pandemic, humanitarian crises such as war or floods, shortage of nurses and other health workers, and high clinical demands leading to overwork, stress and burnout.

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Purpose: We report findings from the first-in-human study of [C]MDTC, a radiotracer developed to image the cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2R) with positron emission tomography (PET).

Methods: Ten healthy adults were imaged according to a 90-min dynamic PET protocol after bolus intravenous injection of [C]MDTC. Five participants also completed a second [C]MDTC PET scan to assess test-retest reproducibility of receptor-binding outcomes.

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