Confirmation of the HLA-C*16:97 allele in multiple individuals, a new common and well-defined allele?

The HLA-C*16:97 allele was found in multiple donors from the Bone Marrow Registry in South Tyrol.

A novel HLA-B*18:80 allele identified by SBT typing in an Italian bone marrow volunteer donor.

A novel allele, officially named B*18:80, was detected in a Caucasoid individual by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primers and SBT. The new allele differs from B*18:01:01 at two nucleotidic positions in codon 24 at exon 2.

Sequence-based HLA high-resolution retyping of a bone marrow donor/recipient pair reveals the novel HLA allele DQB1*0322.

In this paper, we characterize the novel human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQB1*0322. We found this novel allele in a hematopoietic stem cell donor. The donor and the recipient were high-resolution HLA retyped using sequence-based typing.

[The Cheiron emblem and Cheiron medal of the World Association for the History of Veterinary Medicine].

In 1964 the first symposium on history of veterinary medicine was organised in Hanover by the section "History of Veterinary Medicine" of the German Society of Veterinary Medicine. During the 6th symposium in Hanover the World Association for the History of Veterinary Medicine (WAHVM) was created. In the following years further symposiums, called later on congresses took place almost every year.

Effects of a heterogeneous set of xenobiotics on RNA synthesis of yeast cells.

Previously the toxicity of 45 heterogeneous environmental chemicals on growth and membrane functions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells (Cascorbi et al., 1993) was examined. In this study the inhibitory effects of the same set of chemicals on yeast RNA synthesis rate, measuring [2-14C]uracil uptake during cell proliferation are presented.

Chromosomal damages by ethanol and acetaldehyde in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as studied by pulsed field gel electrophoresis.

We report on the effect of ethanol and acetaldehyde on yeast chromosomal DNA and on isolated DNA. Ethanol induced DNA single-strand breaks in repair deficient but not in repair proficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Acetaldehyde has a deleterious effect on chromosomal DNA in cells as well as on isolated DNA.

Thiopyronine- and 8-methoxypsoralen-sensitized photodynamic effect on cell growth, colony forming ability and RNA synthesis in Saccharomyces mutants deficient in DNA repair.

We compared the photodynamic effects of thiopyronine (TP) and visible light, and 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and ultraviolet A (UV-A) light, on growth, colony forming ability and RNA synthesis in a repair-proficient Saccharomyces strain and three mutants deficient in DNA repair mechanisms (DNA repair assays). With 8-MOP and UV-A repair-deficient mutants were significantly more sensitive than the repair-proficient strain indicating that the system is sensitive for the detection of DNA damage. With TP and visible light, the photodynamic effects were comparable in the mutants and the control, indicating no DNA damage.

[Evaluation from a food regulatory aspect of tuberculous slaughtered cattle at the end of the 18th century--together with a study of the position of the veterinarian in public service at that time].

A decree of the Hannoverian sovereign GEORGE III passed in 1787 regarding the treatment of slaughtering cattle affected with tuberculous changes of the pleura is presented. Special emphasis is placed on the practice of food hygiene at that time and on the fact that the veterinarian was regarded an equal expert compared to the physician.

Rapid estimation of chromosomal damage in yeast due to the effects of environmental chemicals using pulsed field gel electrophoresis.

We present a procedure to rapidly estimate the damage to yeast chromosomes by toxic chemicals. This procedure employs the following steps: incubation of yeast cells with the chemicals, DNA preparation in an agarose matrix, separation of chromosome-sized DNA molecules into reproducible band patterns by pulsed field gel electrophoresis, and quantification of the intensity of chromosomal bands by densitometry. Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells have been treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and cis-Platinum(II) diamminedichloride (cisPT), both of which are known to interact with DNA, and trichlorethylen (TCE), for which such an effect has not been shown in yeast.

Thiopyronine-sensitized photodynamic effect on cell growth, RNA and DNA synthesis of Chinese hamster ovary cells.

After treatment of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with very low concentrations of thiopyronine (TP; 1 microgram/ml) and visible light, a delay in growth of cell cultures (prolongation of the lag phase] was observed. The lengthened lag phase, however, was followed by normal growth of the cells. The length of the lag period is dependent on the irradiation dose applied.

The effect of pentachlorophenol and its metabolite tetrachlorohydroquinone on RNA, protein, and ribosome synthesis in Saccharomyces cells.

The effect of pentachlorophenol (PCP) and its metabolite tetrachlorohydroquinone (TCH) were tested on growth, RNA, protein and ribosome syntheses, and ribosome content in yeast cells. Cells exposed to increasing concentrations of PCP show increasing inhibition to RNA and ribosome synthesis, and to cell growth. TCH causes a delay of the growth of the cell culture (prolongation of the lag phase) but does not cause inhibition.

Effect of acrylonitrile on the transcription of specific genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

We have studied the effect of acrylonitrile on the transcription of specific genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results presented demonstrate that ACN disturbs the coordinated response of ribosomal protein genes and causes a dramatic induction of the LEU2 gene, which might be due to metabolites of ACN.

Isolation of yeast ribosomal proteins L3 and L2 for immunological studies.

We report on a rapid method for the isolation and purification of the yeast ribosomal proteins L3 and L2 using a simple instrumentation. Preparative dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was applied to the separation of cytoplasmatic ribosomal proteins of the large subunit from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The polypeptides were removed from gel slices by electrophoretic elution.

Investigation of a test system for the rapid differentiation of nuclear and cytoplasmic damage in eucaryotes.

The effect of various agents which cause cell inactivation on the growth curves and RNA synthesis rates of yeast cells has been studied. On the basis of these investigations it was concluded that such studies can be used as a rapid test system for drawing preliminary conclusions as to whether a particular agent primarily damages the DNA of the cell nucleus or cytoplasmic structures.

Thiopyronine and 8-methoxypsoralen sensitized photodynamic effect on DNA synthesis in yeast.

The synthesis of DNA in growing yeast cells was investigated after photodynamic treatment of the cells with thiopyronine (TP) and visible light or with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and UVA light. DNA synthesis was inhibited after photodynamic treatment with 8-MOP but not after photodynamic treatment with TP. This result is further evidence that the photodynamic effect with TP does not attack nuclear DNA in eucaryotic cells.

The effect of trichloroethylene and acrylonitrile on RNA and ribosome synthesis and ribosome content in Saccharomyces cells.

The effects of trichloroethylene (TCE) and acrylonitrile (ACN) on growth, RNA synthesis, ribosome synthesis, and ribosome content were tested in yeast cells. TCE causes a delay of the growth of a cell culture (prolongation of the lag phase), but does not cause inhibition. Cells exposed to increasing concentrations of ACN show increasing damage, so that, at a certain point of the growth curve, cell division stops altogether.

Thiopyronine-sensitized photodynamic effect on RNA synthesis in Saccharomyces cells in vivo.

The effect of photodynamic treatment with thiopyronine and visible light on RNA metabolism in yeast cells was investigated at different times during logarithmic growth. The results show that RNA synthesis in the nucleus of the cells is not directly inhibited photodynamically. In the endoplasmic reticulum of photodynamically treated cells one finds mRNA in about the same relative amounts and quality as in untreated control cells, but the binding of polysomes on membranes in the cytoplasm as the first step of protein synthesis is inhibited for a long time after treatment as well as the synthesis of ribosomes.

Thiopyronine sensitized photodynamic effect on ribosome synthesis and ribosome content in Saccharomyces cells.

The content and the synthesis of membrane bound and free ribosomes in growing yeast cells was investigated after photodynamic treatment of the cells with thiopyronine and visible light. It was shown that the synthesis of ribosomes is inhibited after photodynamic treatment and that as a consequence, the content of ribosomes in the cell is diminished.

[The content of membrane-bound and free ribosomes in growing saccharomyces cells at different temperatures (author's transl)].

The distribution of membrane-bound and free ribosomes was investigated at different temperatures in growing yeast cells. During duplication phases of the cell a changing pattern of the amount of membrane-bound and free ribosomes can be found at all temperatures investigated: at points where there is a maximum of membrane-bound ribosomes, one can always find a minimum of free ribosomes. The ribosomal content is significantly higher at 30 degrees C than it is at 20 degrees C, and higher at 20 degrees C than at 40 degrees C, whereas the duplication time of the cells is only slightly longer at 40 degrees C, but extremely longer at 20 degrees C than at 30 degrees C.

Protein synthesis on membrane-bound and free ribosomes in growing yeast.

1. A method for the study of membrane-binding of ribosomes and the rate of synthesis of protein on free and bound ribosomes has been examined critically. 'Brij 58' has been found to be more suitable for detaching ribosomes from membranes than 'Triton X-100' or sodium deoxycholate since it does not alter the structure or biological activity of the ribosomes.