[Cefoperazone in the treatment of infections of the gallbladder, biliary ducts and liver in surgical patients].

In 20 patients treated on account of advanced cholecystitis, inflammations of the biliary pathways and liver a cephalosporin of the third generation, cefoperazone, was administered within the framework of antimicrobial treatment after surgery or after endoscopic intervention. In the laboratory investigation of the study in isolated bacteria minimal inhibitory concentrations and serum, biliary and tissue levels of cefoperazone were assessed. The minimal inhibitory concentrations in the assessed bacteria were several times lower than the levels assessed in serum, bile and the wall of the gallbladder.

In vitro stimulation of human lymphocytes by alpha, beta and delta toxins and toxoids of Staphylococcus aureus.

Alpha, beta and delta toxins of Staphylococcus aureus stimulate human peripheral blood lymphocytes to blastic transformation and formation of IgM, IgG and IgA. The toxins are efficient at concentrations that are not toxic for the cells in culture. A dose of a toxin suitable for stimulation is 100 ng/ml but a stimulation can be observed also at 10 ng/ml, in the case of Ig formation even at a concentration of 1 ng/ml.

[Long-term catheterization of the central venous system in children].

The authors explain the principle of central venous catheters (CVC) for long-term use, indicators for insertion, mode of insertion and principles of care of children with these special CVC. The authors inserted since 1982 42 CVC of the Broviac-Hickmann type in 32 children (age 22 days--15 years; body weight 2.4-17 kg).

[A case of anaerobic emphysematous cholecystitis with a subhepatic abscess].

The authors describe their own observation of a complicated course of emphysematous cholecystitis caused by anaerobic microorganisms. An extensive subhepatic abscess was involved which developed as a results of emphysematous cholecystitis diagnosed by sonographic and CT examination. After two operations on account of the abscess and a phlegmon of the abdominal wall the patient recovered.