Globally approved vaccines for COVID-19: a systematic review.

COVID-19 caused a public health emergency, which instituted a global effort to develop vaccines using different platforms, such as basic types and new-generation vaccines. Considering the importance of vaccination in preventing the severity of infectious diseases and the success in developing and approving vaccines against COVID-19 in record time, it is essential to learn about the characteristics of these vaccines. This study aimed to conduct a structured, systematic review following the PRISMA guideline, to analyze the general characteristics of vaccines approved globally for use against COVID-19.

Augmentation cystoplasty in children with neuropathic bladder: long-term outcomes after 30 years experience.

Background: Augmentation cystoplasty (AC) is a useful alternative for the treatment of neuropathic bladder, although there are few studies reporting long-term results. We assess our experience over the last 30-years.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in patients with neuropathic bladder in whom AC was performed in our institution between 1990-2020.

Long-term outcome of pediatric renal transplantation with donors younger than 6 years.

Background: Renal transplantation is currently the best treatment option for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, the use of kidneys from donors under 6 years of age as a possibility to increase the organ pool in pediatric recipients remains a controversial matter. We aimed to investigate whether donor age is associated to the long-term functionality of the renal graft.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of primary vesicoureteral reflux evolution in children with associated acute pyelonephritis.

Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been recently postulated as an inflammatory biomarker for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). The aim of this study is to determine the role of NLR as a predictor of evolution of primary VUR in patients with associated acute pyelonephritis (APN).

Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study was performed in patients with APN episodes with associated primary VUR diagnosed between 2013-2020.

HLA-G alleles and their impacts on placental HSV-1 infection in women from southern Brazil.

The Human Leukocyte Antigen G (HLA-G) is an immunoregulatory molecule with a critical role in pregnancy success. HLA-G alleles are associated with differential susceptibility to multiple conditions, including gestational problems, infectious diseases, and viral persistence. Of note, both herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) can impair HLA-G expression, interfering with HLA-G-associated immunoregulation.

Simultaneous bladder augmentation and artificial urinary sphincter placement in children with neuropathic urinary incontinence. Is it safe to perform? Long-term results.

Introduction: Simultaneous performance of artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) placement and bladder augmentation (BA) in patients with neuropathic bladder is currently controversial.

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe our very long-term results after a median follow-up of 17 years.

Study Design: A retrospective single-center case-control study was performed in patients with neuropathic bladder treated in our institution between 1994 and 2020, in whom AUS placement and BA were performed simultaneously (SIM group) or sequentially at different times (SEQ group).

Volumetric Comparison Between CT Scans and Smartphone-Based Photogrammetry in Patients Undergoing Chin Augmentation With Autologous Fat Graft.

Background: The most accurate methods for assessing fat grafted volume, such as computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging, use 3-dimensional (3D) evaluation of the recipient area. Currently, other measurement techniques such as photogrammetry (compilation of photos) are employed.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare 3D images obtained by CT scan with those obtained by photogrammetry in patients undergoing autogenous fat grafting to the chin.

Development and Validation of SERR Scale for Detecting Extremism and Religious Radicalism.

Background: In line with the growing religious, political and social violence around the world, this study evaluates the psychometric properties of a new scale for Detecting Extremism and Religious Radicalism (SERR), a self-report measure of extremism and religious radicalism.

Method: Factor analyses, validity and reliability data were collected using a sample of 1985 participants from 58 different cities around Spain who self-identified as actively practicing their religion.

Results: Statistical analyses of SERR scores yielded acceptable internal consistency scores (ω > .

Disconnected Out of Passion: Relationship Between Social Alienation and Obsessive Passion.

Violent radicalization continues to be a global problem. One of the main proposals for understanding radicalization and support for political violence is based on social alienation as a trigger. That is, individuals who feel alienated from society try to get out of this situation by using violence, if necessary.

Artificial urinary sphincter in congenital neuropathic bladder: Very long-term outcomes.

Objective: Artificial urinary sphincter has been used to treat urinary incontinence in children with neuropathic bladder, although there are few studies reporting very long-term results. We assess our experience over the last 27 years in the management of artificial urinary sphincter.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed in patients with neuropathic bladder in whom an artificial urinary sphincter was placed in our institution between 1994 and 2020.

Evidence of Psychological Manipulation in the Process of Violent Radicalization: An Investigation of the 17-A Cell.

Introduction: Radicalization leading to violence is a complex social process that frequently targets young people. In this study, we examine the 17-A cell, which carried out terrorist attacks in the Spanish cities of Barcelona and Cambrils on August 17, 2017. We focus on the psychological manipulation techniques used to radicalized members of the cell.

Association between alcohol use disorder and hospital outcomes in colectomy patients - A retrospective cohort study.

Study Objective: In the United States, alcohol use disorder adversely affects 5.6% of all adults. Excessive alcohol consumption adversely affects organ functions critical for adaptation to stress induced by surgery.

Safety and efficacy of renal denervation in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: A systematic analysis of clinical trials was performed in order to assess the effectiveness and risks of bilateral renal denervation (RDN) in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

Methods: A systematic review was conducted of all clinical trials exploring the effectiveness of RDN in patients with HF who had reduced (<50%) EF. Primary outcomes were NYHA class, 6-min walk test, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and other cardiac parameters including left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), and left atrium diameter (LAD).

Buried penis surgical treatment in children: Dorsal dartos flap VS. Fascia fixation. A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Several surgical techniques for buried penis (BP) treatment have been described, although there is not a reference pattern for it. In our institution, we have traditionally performed penis fixation to Buck's fascia at 3 points. In 2014 we introduced a dorsal dartos flap technique, fixed at both sides of the penis base.

Adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Interaction with Disabled Persons Scale in Spanish population.

Purpose: To adapt the Interaction with Disabled Persons Scale (IDP) into Spanish and examine its factor structure.

Methods: A forward and back translation of the IPD was performed by professional translators of scholarly articles. Spanish-speaking professional translators provided modifications in order to develop the final version of the scale.

Creation of Tissue-Engineered Urethras for Large Urethral Defect Repair in a Rabbit Experimental Model.

Tissue engineering is a potential source of urethral substitutes to treat severe urethral defects. Our aim was to create tissue-engineered urethras by harvesting autologous cells obtained by bladder washes and then using these cells to create a neourethra in a chronic large urethral defect in a rabbit model. A large urethral defect was first created in male New Zealand rabbits by resecting an elliptic defect (70 mm) in the ventral penile urethra and then letting it settle down as a chronic defect for 5-6 weeks.

Complications using tissue expanders in burn sequelae treatment at a reference university hospital: a retrospective study.

Background: tissue expanders have high relevance in plastic surgery and among indications it is worth mentioning their use in the treatment of burn reconstruction. Although it shows good results, its use requires special care because some complications can interrupt the reconstruction process. The objective of this study was to report the experience of the Clinics Hospital (University of Sao Paulo) with the use of tissue expanders to treat burn sequelae, establishing the incidence of complications, and identifying risk factors for their occurrence.

A novel hypomorphic splice variant in EIF2B5 gene is associated with mild ovarioleukodystrophy.

Objective: To identify the genetic cause in an adult ovarioleukodystrophy patient resistant to diagnosis.

Methods: We applied whole-exome sequencing (WES) to a vanishing white matter disease patient associated with premature ovarian failure at 26 years of age. We functionally tested an intronic variant by RT-PCR on patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and by minigene splicing assay.

Social inclusion level of Spanish and foreign adolescents: Proposal for an evaluation instrument.

Unlabelled: Social exclusion is one of the most complex and sensitive social problems nowadays. Of all social groups, adolescents are among the most vulnerable to social exclusion, which can interfere with their social development. Consequently, the evaluation of this construct in adolescents is an important matter.

Upside-down kidney placement: An alternative in pediatric renal transplantation.

Purpose: "Upside-down" kidney placement has been reported as an acceptable alternative in cases of technical difficulty in kidney transplantation but there are few reports in the pediatric population. The aim of our study is to analyze whether the placement of the upside-down kidney could affect graft outcome or produce more complications.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of pediatric kidney transplants performed in our center between 2005 and 2017 with at least 6 months' follow-up.