[Psychological concepts - design of clinical models of schizophrenia].

This publication presents an analysis of the psychological concepts, involved in the construction of clinical models of schizophrenia; in particular - the new clinical-biological paradigm of schizophrenia (reflecting the data of own psychometric studies). Based on the analysis, 3 modes of interaction between clinical and psychological constructs in the construction of models of schizophrenia were identified. The conceptualization of clinical models was carried out from the perspective of the contribution of psychological and psychometric constructs - allowing to expand theoretical ideas about the dynamics of views on the clinical construct of schizophrenia.

[Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (aspects of psychopathology and clinical taxonomy)].

Objective: To create a new taxonomy of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) based on the comparability of the design of SSD and borderline states.

Material And Methods: The total sample consists of 205 patients with an established diagnosis of SSD (F21; F25; F22 according to ICD-10) collected from studies of the department of borderline mental pathology and psychosomatic disorders of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Mental Health Research Center and the Department of Psychiatry and Psychosomatics of Moscow State Medical University in the period 2014 to 2024. Clinical, psychometric, statistical methods were used.

[Periodic catatonia in schizophrenia spectrum disorders].

Objective: Typological differentiation of periodic catatonia in schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), in particular, schizoaffective disorder.

Material And Methods: Seventy-four patients with the verified diagnosis of schizophrenia and SSD (ICD-10 items F20, F21) were studied. The clinical, psychometric (BFCRS, SANS) and statistical methods were used.

[Bimodal model of delusional psychoses (on the problem of the correlation of paranoid dimensions in the psychopathological space of schizophrenia)].

Objective: To establish clinico-pathogenetic ratios of delusional psychoses constituting the psychopathological space of paranoid schizophrenia and to determine clinical and pathogenetic validity of concepts of a single delusional psychosis (a model of chronic delusion with a staged course) and two endogenous delusional psychoses.

Material And Methods: A sample consisted of 56 patients (19 women, 37 men; the average age 39.7±9.

[Competitive ELISA test system for the detection of antibodies to the rabies virus in animals (Rhabdoviridae: Lyssavirus)].

Introduction: The main approach to the rabies prevention is the vaccination of domestic and wild carnivores. For the routine evaluation the anti-rabies vaccination effectiveness, World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) recommends various enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).The aim of the study was to design and validate a competitive ELISA (cELISA) test system for the detection of antibodies to the rabies virus (RABV).

Contactless Fall Detection by Means of Multiple Bioradars and Transfer Learning.

Fall detection in humans is critical in the prevention of life-threatening conditions. This is especially important for elderly people who are living alone. Therefore, automatic fall detection is one of the most relevant problems in geriatrics.

[On the problem of hysterocatonia in the clinical space of schizophrenia and schizophrenic spectrum disorders].

Objective: To determinate the premorbid personality dimensions in patients with hysterocatatonia; to study the psychopathological characteristics, making it possible to distinguish the manifestations of hysterical catatonia among other hysterical and catatonic phenomena; to establish the prognostic value of the hysterocatatonia, occurring in the structure of schizophrenia and schizophrenic spectrum disorders (SSD).

Material And Methods: 25 patients with a verified diagnosis of schizophrenia and SSD (according to ICD-10) with a predominance of «mild» catatonic phenomena in the clinical picture of the disease (manifestations of hyperkinesia, pseudoepileptic paroxysms, isolated parakinesis, psychomotor agitation, accompanied by local muscle spasm and/or an increase in general muscle tone, etc.).

[Optimization of rabies (Rhabdoviridae: Lyssavirus) dog vaccination schedule using a mathematical model].

Introduction: Most cases of human rabies are caused by dog (Canis lupus familiaris) bites. Therefore, the implementation of vaccination programs of these animals is one of the urgent tasks.The work aims to identify the factors influencing the production of antirabies virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAs) in vaccinated dogs, and to formulate recommendations for adjusting the vaccination schedule using mathematical modeling (MM).

[History and current state of the problem of negative disorders (research of nosological period)].

Pioneers of nosology in psychiatry considered mental deficit as a basic disorder obligated to all clinical forms of illness, as did E. Kraepelin in the concept of dementia praecox and E. Bleuler in the concept of schizophrenia.

[Negative disorders: history of clinical concepts (prenosological studies)].

In this review, sequential stages of the development of negative disorders doctrine are presented beginning from first description of negative symptoms (Aretaeus of Cappadocia - AD I-II) and the first deficit classification (including two polar types: congenital and acquired dementia by J.-E. Esquirol) to indigenous Russian (I.

[Negative and positive disorders of schizophrenia (issues of co-dependence, psychopathology and pathogenesis)].

The authors consider current and own conceptions about correlations of the processes underlying the pathogenesis of schizophrenia presented by negative and positive disorders. With growth of academic psychiatry, evaluation of a correlation between positive and negative dimensions has changed dramatically: on the one hand presenting in clinical unity - simultaneous psychopathologic structures, and on the other hand being clinically and pathogenetically heterogenic in dimensional structure. According to our clinical and biological findings and an analysis of fundamental neurobiological studies, positive and negative disorders present in the clinical picture of schizophrenia as two separate psychopathological and pathogenetic structures.

[Age identity disorders (infantilism/ puerilism) in the psychopathological space of endogenous diseases].

Aim: A comparative psychopathological and psychometric analysis of age identity disorders (AID) - infantilism and puerilism - on the model of schizophrenia proceeding with hysterical symptoms.

Material And Methods: Results of the psychopathological study of 42 patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), with well-marked signs of AID in the course of the disease (22 sub. - infantilism; 20 sub.

[Asthenia in the psychopathological space of schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (The concept of asthenic deficit in aspect of the modern model of negative symptoms)].

At the modern level of knowledge, classification of asthenic deficit as an independent psychopathological category and, in general terms, as the classification of asthenic symptomatic complexes of negative symptoms within schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders is the subject of discussion. Studies of recent decades have shown that asthenia cannot be considered as a separate deficient monosyndrome, does not fit into the framework of negative disorders and is excluded from the block of scales of negative symptoms (SANS, PANSS, BNSS, CAINS). The authors suggest a working hypothesis that asthenia symptomatic complexes within schizophrenia are not comparable either in nature or in their psychopathological structure with primary deficiency disorders determined by the disease process.

[Personality disorders and schizophrenic defect (problem of comorbidity)].

Aim: To test the main hypothesis that the deficit phenomena in schizophrenia act not in the 'pure' form, but in the form of aggravating personality characteristics, forming so-called 'common' syndromes with personality disorders (PD).

Material And Methods: The results of the psychopathological study (with the use of psychometric methods) of deficit disorders in a sample of 170 patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (63 men, 107 women) are presented in relation to the abnormal structure of premorbid personality (PD of clusters A, B, C). An analysis of negative symptoms according to the comparability of defect to the profile of premorbid personality made it possible to distinguish three groups of deficit states associated with PD - 'common syndromes': defensive schizoidy by the type of deficit schizoid and expansive schizoidy by the type of 'verschroben' (cluster A); pathological hysterical infantilism, malignant hysteria and defective erotomania (cluster B); pseudo-psychasthenia and pathological rationalism (cluster C).

[Awareness of doctors in sportmedicine and sportsmen concerning stomatological health].

The questioning was carried out among 182 sportsmen of the age of 12--45 years living in Samara region and among the medical personnel serving the given group. Questioning had shown low awareness of sportsmen and sports doctors on questions of stomatologic diseases preventive measures.

[Methods of treatment of acute thrombophlebitis of greater saphenous vein].

One-stage combination of thrombectomy on the thigh with compressive sclerotherapy is proposed. This method was used in 66 patients with acute thrombophlebitis of greater saphenous vein (GSV) trunk. It permitted to improve treatment quality, to reduce the scope of subsequent radical operation and to improve its cosmetic result.

[Detection of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in blood donors].

The study was aimed at assessment of prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) among donors. Blood sera were tested for anti-HCV, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and bilirubin in two groups of donors. Group 1 were men belonging to organized collective bodies, mean age 20 years, permanent residents of Russia and CIS countries (n = 6157), group 2 were donors of both sexes, mean age 37, 70% men and 30% women, residents of Moscow (n = 1810).

[Experience with the organization of prophylactic oncological examinations].

Mass prophylactic examinations among the population to early recognize oncological diseases may be perfected in the following way: by making them less time-consuming, regular and actually total. To this end they should be available for everybody referring to therapeutic specialists during a year, an appointment with the doctor is to be proceeded by a fluorographic check, while in females--by a visit to the women's diagnostic department. For this examinations to be really total as well as to exclude the cases of double examination the record of each person should be kept.